from： http://nll.im/post/tomcat-apr.html

操作系统:Centos6.3
Tomcat:7.0.42
JDK:1.6.0_45
配置:8G,4核.

最近tomcat负载比较高,默认的配置和bio的处理方式已经无力支撑.据说APR能提升50%~60%的性能,所以尝试下APR优化.
APR介绍:

Tomcat可以使用APR来提供超强的可伸缩性和性能，更好地集成本地服务器技术。  APR(Apache Portable Runtime)是一个高可移植库，它是Apache HTTP Server 2.x的核心。  APR有很多用途，包括访问高级IO功能(例如sendfile,epoll和OpenSSL)，OS级别功能(随机数生成，系统状态等等)，本地进程管理(共享内存，NT管道和UNIX sockets)。这些功能可以使Tomcat作为一个通常的前台WEB服务器，能更好地和其它本地web技术集成，总体上让Java更有效率作为一个高性能web服务器平台而不是简单作为后台容器。  在产品环境中，特别是直接使用Tomcat做WEB服务器的时候，应该使用Tomcat Native来提高其性能。

1. 服务器安装GCC

客户服务器连不上外网,服务器也没有gcc,所以先使用代理连接外网,修改/etc/yum.conf,加入代理配置:

proxy=http://10.103.0.46:808

如果需要验证加入用户名密码:

proxy_username=代理服务器用户名 proxy_password=代理服务器密码

yum使用163的Centos源:参考http://mirrors.163.com/.help/centos.html
先备份

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

然后下载CentOS6 放入到/etc/yum.repos.d/(操作前请做好相应备份)

运行以下命令生成缓存:

yum clean all yum makecache

然后安装gcc:

yum -y install gcc

2. 安装APR

从http://apr.apache.org/download.cgi下载apr,apr-util,apr-iconv. 因为服务器没有配置全局的http代理,只是yum代理,所以下载之后传到服务器即可.

传输完安装apr:

tar zxvf apr-1.5.1.tar.gz cd apr-1.5.1 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr make make install

安装apr-iconv:

tar zxvf apr-iconv-1.2.1.tar.gz cd apr-iconv-1.2.1 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-iconv --with-apr=/usr/local/apr make make install

安装apr-util:

tar zxvf apr-util-1.5.3.tar.gz cd apr-util-1.5.3 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-iconv=/usr/local/apr-iconv/bin/apriconv make   make install

安装tomcat-native:首先到tomcat/bin目录下,找到对应的tar文件.

tar zxvf tomcat-native.tar.gz cd tomcat-native-1.1.27-src/jni/native/ ./configure --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-java-home=/usr/lib/jdk1.6.0_45 make make install

安装完成之后 会出现如下提示信息

Libraries have been installed in: /usr/local/apr/lib

添加环境变量: vi /etc/profile在文件末尾处添加下面的变量

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/apr/lib

然后执行下面命令，使环境变量即时生效

source /etc/profile

以下为完整安装脚本:

#setup apr tar zxvf apr-1.5.1.tar.gz cd apr-1.5.1 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr make && make install cd ../ #setup apr-iconv tar zxvf apr-iconv-1.2.1.tar.gz cd apr-iconv-1.2.1/ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-iconv --with-apr=/usr/local/apr make && make install cd ../ #setup apr-util tar zxvf apr-util-1.5.3.tar.gz cd apr-util-1.5.3 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-iconv=/usr/local/apr-iconv/bin/apriconv make && make install #setup tomcat-native cd /app/apache-tomcat-7.0.42/bin tar zxvf tomcat-native.tar.gz cd tomcat-native-1.1.27-src/jni/native ./configure --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-java-home=/usr/lib/jdk1.6.0_45 make && make install cd / #LD_LIBRARY_PATH echo -e 'export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/apr/lib' >> /etc/profile export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/apr/lib source /etc/profile

3. 配置Tomcat

修改tomcat配置conf/server.xml:

<!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools-->     <Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"         maxThreads="800" minSpareThreads="400"/>        <!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received          and responses are returned. Documentation at :          Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html (blocking & non-blocking)          Java AJP  Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html          APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html          Define a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080     -->     <Connector port="80" executor="tomcatThreadPool" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol"                connectionTimeout="20000"                redirectPort="8443" enableLookups="false" acceptCount="1000"/>

修改为Http11AprProtocol 协议.

之后启动tomcat即可.

遇到问题:

SEVERE: Failed to initialize the SSLEngine. org.apache.tomcat.jni.Error: 70023: This function has not been implemented on this platform

请关闭SSL侦听，除非你有使用SSL,修改conf/server.xml

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="off" />

压测结果:

webbench -c 4000 -t 30 http://10.103.10.140/workbench/index.jsp Webbench - Simple Web Benchmark 1.5 Copyright (c) Radim Kolar 1997-2004, GPL Open Source Software.  Benchmarking: GET http://10.103.10.140/workbench/index.jsp 4000 clients, running 30 sec.  Speed=484340 pages/min, 2441573 bytes/sec. Requests: 242170 susceed, 0 failed.

参考:

http://www.chepoo.com/tomcat-performance-three-times-is-not-a-dream.html

http://rhomobi.com/topics/36

https://gitsea.com/2013/07/02/tomcat-%E5%B9%B6%E5%8F%91%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%96/

http://pengranxiang.iteye.com/blog/1128905

http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/apr.html#Linux

http://www.cnblogs.com/wanghaosoft/archive/2013/02/04/2892099.html