打开Bundle Editor
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选则文件夹TextMate（或者随便你选则什么）
增加一个新的template‘openEncodedFile’（或者随便你自己命名）
在Template data中如下设定
Extension：中 留空

Command(s):

# open CocoaDialog’s file select menu

file=$(CocoaDialog fileselect \

--title "Open an encoded file" \

--with-directory $HOME/ \

)

# check for valid file

if [ -n "$file" ]; then

# open CocoaDialog's dropdown menu

# for more encodings add them to '--items'

# to list all possibile encodings use the Terminal with 'iconv -l'

res=$(CocoaDialog dropdown \

--title "Open an encoded file" \

--text "Choose the encoding:" \

??exit?onchange \

--button1 "Open" \

--button2 "Cancel" \

--items "BIG5" "EUC-TW" "GB2312" "SJIS" "EUC-JP" "KOI8-R" \

)

# if user canceled exit

[[ $( (tail -r <<<"$res") | tail -n1)  == "2" ]] && \

exit_discard

res=$(tail -n1 <<<"$res")

# add more 'elif' according to '--items' if needed

if [ "$res" == 0 ]; then

ENC="BIG5"

elif [ "$res" == 1 ]; then

ENC="EUC-TW"

elif [ "$res" == 2 ]; then

ENC="GB2312"

elif [ "$res" == 3 ]; then

ENC="SJIS"

elif [ "$res" == 4 ]; then

ENC="EUC-JP"

elif [ "$res" == 5 ]; then

ENC="KOI8-R"

fi

# start conversion to UTF-8 and send the result as a new file back to TM

iconv -f "$ENC" -t utf-8 "$file" > "$TM_NEW_FILE"

fi

Output: Insert as Text - Activation: Key Equivalent shift+option+o (我的建议) - Scope: 留空

Also you may want to check out this video in the Videocasts section of the handbook: Installing a Local Web Server on Mac OS X.

Download MAMP

(This will install Apache, MySQL, and PHP in one step.)
Find the latest version here: http://www.mamp.info/
Download and drag to Applications folder to install. Open MAMP and click "start servers," then "Open start page."

Download Drupal

Find the latest Drupal release here: http://drupal.org/.

Move the directory containing the Drupal files into the MAMP htdocs directory:

mv drupal-x.x.x/* drupal-x.x.x/.htaccess /Applications/MAMP/htdocs/yourdrupaldir

where yourdrupaldir is whatever you want the directory to be called.

Note: if you use Finder you may miss moving the .htaccess file which is necessary for clean URLs to work. It is generally best to download and unzip Drupal directly in the document root (default is htdocs) so you don't miss the .htaccess.

Create the Drupal database

To create a database for Drupal

1. Go to the MAMP start page
2. Click "phpMyAdmin"
3. On the next page click "Databases"
4. On the "Databases" page enter a name for your Drupal database in the "Create new database" field at the bottom of the page
5. Select "utf8_general_ci" under the "Collation" drop-down (must be utf8!)
6. Click "Create"
7. Next you must create a user name with the privileges Drupal requires to use the new database
8. Go back to the main phpMyAdmin page and click "Privileges"
9. On the next page click "Add a new User".
10. Fill out the "Login Information" form, making sure to change the "Host" field to "Local" and not leave it as "Any host" (for some reason Drupal will not be able to connect to your local database if you select "Any host")
11. Leave the "None" radio button selected under the "Database for user" section, and under the "Global privileges" section leave everything unchecked
12. Click "Go"
13. On the next page scroll down to the "Database-specific privileges" section and select the new Drupal database you created from the dropdown
14. Check the SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, INDEX and ALTER checkboxes and then click "Go".

You can also use a GUI such as Sequel Pro, just remember to use this as your Socket:

/Applications/MAMP/tmp/mysql/mysql.sock

Changing your password

The default username/password for your MySQL install is now root/root! For security purposes, it's always best to change this. If you're connected to the internet, this is a must.

When you are changing the default user/password from root/root, you need to do two things. Only the first is documented in the MAMP start page FAQ, but if you don't do the second then you get an error message when you try to access anything from the MAMP start page.

1. Use command line to change the password (as documented in the MAMP start page FAQ)

   Open the terminal and type the following:
   /Applications/MAMP/Library/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p password [NEWPASSWORD]

   It will ask for the current password after you hit enter. Once you have entered that, the MySQL password is changed.

2. Open a text editor and change the password in the three following files:
   • /Applications/MAMP/bin/phpMyAdmin-X.X.X/config.inc.php

     Find the line that reads...
     $cfg['Servers'][$i]['password']      = 'root';
     ...and change the value 'root' to your new password, retaining the quotes.

   • /Applications/MAMP/bin/mamp/index.php

     Find the line that reads...
     $link = @mysql_connect(':/Applications/MAMP/tmp/mysql/mysql.sock', 'root', 'root');
     ...and change the last parameter to your new password.

   • /Applications/MAMP/bin/stopMysql.sh

     Replace the -proot with your password. (If you don't change this one you can have zombie mysqld's running after you thought you stopped the server)

Optional: Adjust PHP's memory limit for scripts

By default, MAMP has the memory limit that a script can use set at 8MB, which is the PHP default. Looking at PHP's php.ini-recommended file, this memory limit is normally set at 128MB. To adjust this amount, open the php.ini file in a text editor and change the following line (approximately on line 232):

memory_limit = 8M      ; Maximum amount of memory a script may consume (8MB)

PHP.ini file locations:

• /Applications/MAMP/conf/php4/php.ini
• /Applications/MAMP/conf/php5/php.ini

In MAMP PRO, don't alter the file directly since it will be recreated at each server start. Please edit the appropriate template (menu File > Edit template > ...) instead.

Even with larger PHP memory limits you can get timeout errors trying to import large Drupal databases into MySQL. These issues are discussed at length elsewhere with regards to the cache and views cache. Generally the solution is to empty the Drupal cache before importing/exporting databases to/from MySQL.

Connect Drupal

Navigate to http://localhost:8888/yourdrupaldir/install.php and fill in the installation fields using the information provided on the MAMP start page and the name you used for the database you created in step 3.

Start configuring Drupal!

Go to http://localhost:8888/yourdrupaldir/ and create the first account.
Continue with instructions in INSTALL.txt.

If you changed your MySQL username and password you will need to modify that in your local Drupal settings.php file as well.

Temporary Files Note:

By default the File System settings (admin/settings/file-system) will place the temporary files directory inside /Applications/MAMP/tmp/php which should be changed to something like files/tmp or sites/files/tmp to avoid later confusion.

Clean up your Localhost URL

If you would like to shorten your URL from "http://localhost:8888" to "http://localhost" follow these instructions:

• Open the MAMP application
• Click on "Preferences" and then "Ports"
• Change the Apache Port to 80 (the standard web server port)

“使用哪种原型设计工具”大概是设计师闲聊时出现频率最高的话题之一。据 我了解一般以Visio和Photoshop为主，也有人用Flash和PPT，据一个新来的同事说，他们公司还用Excel。我实在想不出用Excel 怎么画图，哈哈。我个人最喜欢的工具是OmniGraffle（如 下图），自从我用了它以后，就再也不想用其它原型设计软件了。

首先我必须隆重介绍一下Omni Group这家只有26个人的小公司，他们人数虽少，但却产出 了像OmniWeb、OmniGraffle、OmniPlan和OmniOutliner等 等一系列深受用户欢迎的精品软件，实力绝对不容小觑。

你可以用OmniGraffle（以下简称OG）来做很多事情，我一般用 它来绘制流程图和界面原型。相比较于Visio等工具，它的以下特点和功能让人爱不释手：

漂亮的界面

OG的界面太漂亮了，至少比灰突突的Visio好看多了。“美的就是好 的”（《最佳设计100细则》），用OG绘图的时候脑中常常充满灵感，而对着Visio则只想尽快把工作做完。

能轻而易举的绘制出漂亮的图形

OG的可用性做得很好，可以让一名新手很快地绘制出“想让人舔一口” （Jobs当年评价OS X界面时的原话）的流程图和原型图。我使用它没多久就定义了一套自己的样式（如下图），并在项目中重用。

丰富、精致的模板（Stencil/Template）

除了官方的模板外，Graffletopia网站提供了众多设计精美的模板。不仅有常见 的网络、软件流程、电路等类目，甚至还有UCD相关的模板（如下图），不仅显著提升工作效率，而且也使得你的产出物与众不同！

Information Architecture

User-Centered Design Activities

辅助对齐和尺寸调整功能

在用Visio的时候，你有多少次想把多个元素的大小调成一样的？反正我 每次用它绘制流程图的时候都想这么做，可每次都需要一个个的调整，让人无可奈何。在OG里面，这是一件小菜一碟的事儿。当你调整任何一个元素的大小 时，OG都会自动捕捉并显示页面内所有元素的大小，并辅助鼠标的运动（通过磁性感），以便让这一元素的大小和其它任何一个你想要的元素保持一致（如下 图）。对于没用过OG的人来说，这听起来可谓“震撼”，我第一次发现这功能时激动不已！此外，保持两个或多个元素在水平和垂直方向上对齐也是轻而易举的 事：辅助线总在你需要的时候出现（如下图）。

辅助尺寸调整

辅助对齐

OG还有数不清的好用的小功能，让人感觉无时无刻不处在这个软件的关怀之中！总之，对于设计类软件来说，OG绝对是用 户体验的典范之作。

最后，很不幸的是，这个软件只有Mac版。不过如果你只有PC的话，不妨 看看这里 ：）

　　1、下载MySQL 5.x 发行版 ，解压并安装映像中的两个安装包文件。

　　a. mysql-5.x-osx10.6_x86_64.pkg －mysql 5.x 标准版安装

　　b. MySQLStartupItem.pkg－mysql启动项目，可以上你的电脑在启动系统时自动运行mysql服务。它安装在/Library /StartupItems/MySQL/，如果你不想系统启动时运行mysql服务，请不要安装。如果你在安装后又不想使用，请删除/Library /StartupItems/MySQL/这个目录。

　　启动mysql：

　　2、如果你已经安装了MySQLStartupItem.pkg，重新启动电脑即可。

　　3、如果你有安装MySQLStartupItem.pkg或者不想启动电脑，运行：应用程序－实用程序－终端程序，在终端中输入命令：

　　sudo /Library/StartupItems/MySQL/MySQL start

　　然后输入你的系统管理员密码，如果没有设定密码就直接回车。

　　关闭mysql服务：

　　终端中输入命令：sudo /Library/StartupItems/MySQL/MySQL stop

　　然后输入你的系统管理员密码，如果没有设定密码就直接回车。

　　mysql root账户密码：

　　mysql root密码初始值是空。这样虽然没有问题。但很不安全。建议你更改root用户密码。注意：mysql root用户和系统中的root用户是不一样的。是完全两个不同的用户。

　　更改mysql root密码请在终端中输入命令：

　　/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 新密码

　　同时你也可以随时使用这条命令更改你的密码。

　　4、下载x版mysql数据库管理工具

　　这是一个运行在mac os x系统中的mysql数据库管理软件，支持本地及远程数据库管理。并且还是免费的。这个程序的优点是完全CGI界面。并且密码是保存在本机上的。相对比较 安全。

To change your path, you must edit the .profile file in your home directory. If you are comfortable using the vi editor, you probably don’t need to read any further. If not, then you can use TextEdit to edit your .profile.

The default .profile is fairly short. The .profile is read when you open a Terminal window and each line is executed just like typing a command into the Terminal window. While this is handy because you can make any available command run whenever you drop to a shell, we’re concerned with changing an environment variable, PATH.

In your editor, find the line that starts with export PATH= and give it a look to make sure it doesn’t already contain the directory path you’re going to add. Sometimes the PATH variable can get lengthy, but chances are yours just has a few directories separated by colons, perhaps something like this:

export PATH=/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:$PATH

There are a few things to note before making changes. The format of this line is important. The use of spaces in this command, or their lack, matters. In particular, there cannot be spaces around the equals sign or between any of the directories. If there are spaces in the directory name you want to add, you’ll need to escape the space by preceeding it with a "backslash or by putting the path in quotes (export PATH=”/path/here”).

The export= keyword in front of that line has a very specific purpose. Defining a variable without exporting it makes it available only to the current shell, not to any subsequent shells. You may think to yourself that you don’t plan to make any subsequent shells, but this happens whenever you run a shell script. If the PATH variable was not exported, when you run a shell script, the PATH would no longer exist and it is possible that the script would fail.

The $PATH at the end of the example above tacks the previous value of the variable (if it exists) onto the end of the PATH. By default, this will add ‘:/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin’ to the end of the PATH for you which is useful because most everything you run from the command line lives there.

So, to add a new directory to the path, simply add it to the existing PATH line in .profile being careful to separate it from other directories there with colons and careful not to introduce unwanted spaces (everything after the space will be ignored). For example, to add the directory /mightyq/bin to the PATH shown above, the line could become any of the following examples:

export PATH=/mightyq/bin:/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=/opt/local/bin:/mightyq/bin:/opt/local/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:$PATH:/mightyq/bin

Note that in the third example the new directory is added to the end of the PATH. You have the ability to optimize the searches your shell will do on your behalf each time you run a command by organizing your PATH logically. Putting less frequently used or really massive directories later in the path may give you a little performance boost (although these days things are pretty fast, so you have to be a little anal to really enjoy this).

If you don’t need a directory in your path, you can reverse the process by deleting the unwanted directory still taking care to preserve the no spaces, colon separation rules.

One last note, to test the change you made, you can use the echo command, but you need to make the shell reload the .profile first. Assuming you are in your home directory (if not, running ‘cd’ without any options will take you there), run these commands:

. ./.profile
echo $PATH

The first is a neat little command in that it shows three uses or interpretations of the period in a single line. The first . is a shortcut to cause the shell to ’source’ or load the contents of the subsequent file as itself, in the manner that the shell uses when you login to a system or start a Terminal window. If you simply executed these commands like a shell script (bash .profile, for example) you would start a new shell, that shell would get the variable set, and at the end of running the .profile script, that new shell would cease to exist and the newly defined variables would be relegated to the missing sock universe.

The second period means the current working directory. It’s not compulsory in any way in this command, but it’s habit from explaining the dots to folks, so I type it all the time now. In this context, you could also use ~/.profile as ~ explicitly means your home directory.

The last dot causes the .profile to be hidden from view in a normal directory listing or Finder view. It doesn’t change the file in any other way, it just make it invisible and de-clutters your directories. To see hidden files, you can use ‘ls -a’ and you might be surprised by what you find.

When confronted with the task of editing your .profile file, there are several options. For the seasoned veteran, editing this file is simply a matter of dropping to a shell, editing in vi, and :wq’ing. There is the pico editor which, for a command line editor, is a little friendlier than vi. For the majority of users, editing a text file is warmer and fuzzier using a GUI text editor like TextEdit.

The problem is that files starting with a period are hidden from listings in the Finder windows, so trying to find a hidden file to open using TextEdit will not get you very far. While many third party editors provide options for opening hidden files, if you don’t have one installed, you can easily open these hidden files using TextEdit which is a part of OS X.

To open your .profile file, for example, start the Terminal application (searching for ‘terminal’ using Spotlight and clicking on the Terminal application is an easy way to do this). Since Terminal will put you in your home directory by default and .profile is in your home directory, you can edit .profile simply by typing:

open .profile

If the file you want to edit is in another directory, you’ll need to cd into that directory first or specify the full path name in front of the filename.

The open command used above uses the same mechanism to open a file using a default application that the Finder does when clicking on a file. If for some reason the default application for the file you are trying to edit has changed to something that doesn’t work for editing, you can force open to use TextEdit by adding the -a option:

open -a TextEdit .profile

Make your changes to the file and save it and you’re done. One compulsory note of caution: hidden files are often hidden for a reason. They tend to hold configuration information that, if incorrectly changed, could cause one or more applications to misbehave. Tread lightly and make backups before changing.

进入NuFile的配置页面，我们可以设置在右键菜单上可以新建哪些文件。NuFile支持 的文件类型很多，包括文本文件、Java文件、PHP和Office系列。你还可以增加新的文件类型。

配置完毕后，我们在Finder窗口中的右键菜单 中，就可以新建文件了。

1. 用Terminal终端程序:
打开Terminal窗口, 用鼠标把要获取/复制的文件或文件夹拖放到Terminal窗口上, 当看到有个绿色加号出现时, 放开鼠标, 文件的完整路径(full path)会在命令行显示出来, 并可复制粘贴到其它地方.

2. 用TextEdit:
打开TextEdit应用程序, 按下”shift-command-T”或在Format菜单下选Make Plain Text, 使其转换为纯文本格式. 用鼠标把要获取/复制的文件或文件夹拖放到TextEdit窗口上, 当看到有个绿色加号出现时, 放开鼠标, 文件的完整路径(full path)会显示出来, 并可复制粘贴到其它地方.

3. 用关联菜单插件:
比如FilePathToClipCMPlugin或FileUtilsCM, 都是免费的.

打开“终端”，输入以下代码：

defaults write ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles -bool true

然后重启 Finder 即可，重起Finder有多种方法，最简单的方法就是：

同时按住Control + Option键，然后点击Dock左边的Finder图标，这个时候菜单最下面就会出现重新打开Finder的链接。另外还可以同时按住Option + Command + ESC三键打开强制退出应用程序对话框，在里面关闭Finder之后，Finder会在关闭之后自动重新打开。

恢复隐藏的代码：

defaults write ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles -bool false