ETL通用解决方案---oracle+存储过程实现

转自：http://www.javaeye.com/topic/321719

方案理念--四化理念

数据规格化
处理自动化
信息集中化
操作人性化

架构

通过视图实现来至两个不同数据库的表的结构完全一致, 在结构完全相同的两个表之间进行数据同步, 问题变得相当简单. 同步代码如下.

ETL

---初始同步

delete from ods_table;

insert into v_table

select * from db_table;

commit;

---新增同步

insert into v_table

select * from db_table t

where t.id not in (select id from v_table);

commit;

---变更同步

update ods_table t

set t.c_number = (select db.c_number from db_table db where db.id = t.id)

where t.c_number != (select db.c_number from db_table db where db.id = t.id);

commit;

实现两个表结构完全一致的方法如下

---建表

CREATE SEQUENCE SEQ_ETL_INCREASE_ID

INCREMENT BY 1

START WITH 1

NOCACHE;

/*==============================================================*/

/* Table: ETL_TABLES */

/*==============================================================*/

CREATE TABLE ETL_TABLES (

"ID" NUMBER DEFAULT -1 NOT NULL,

"TABLE_NAME" VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL,

"TABLE_TYPE" VARCHAR2(30) NOT NULL,

"TABLE_ROOT_IN" VARCHAR2(30),

"TABLE_NEED_CREATE_VIEW" NUMBER DEFAULT 1,

"TABLE_CREATE_VIEW_NAME_PREFIX" VARCHAR2(30) DEFAULT 'v',

"DB_LINK_NAME" VARCHAR2(100),

"CURRENT_VERSION" NUMBER DEFAULT 1 NOT NULL,

"VERSION_HISTORY" VARCHAR2(3000) DEFAULT 'init input' NOT NULL,

"DEVELOP_DATE" DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE NOT NULL,

"DEVELOP_BY" VARCHAR2(100) DEFAULT 'cyyan@isoftstone' NOT NULL,

"LAST_MAINTAIN_DATE" DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE NOT NULL,

"LAST_MAINTAIN_BY" VARCHAR2(100) DEFAULT 'cyyan@isoftstone' NOT NULL,

"MEMO" VARCHAR2(500),

"STATUS" NUMBER DEFAULT 1,

CONSTRAINT PK_ETL_TABLES PRIMARY KEY ("ID")

);

COMMENT ON TABLE ETL_TABLES IS

'此表用于维护ETL涉及到所有表, 包括:

1, db---业务系统数据库

2, ods---操作数据数据库

3, dw---数据仓库';

/*==============================================================*/

/* Table: ETL_VIEWS */

/*==============================================================*/

CREATE TABLE ETL_VIEWS (

"ID" NUMBER DEFAULT -1 NOT NULL,

"VIEW_NAME" VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL,

"VIEW_TYPE" VARCHAR2(30) NOT NULL,

"VIEW_ROOT_IN" VARCHAR2(30),

"VIEW_SELECT" VARCHAR2(4000) NOT NULL,

"VIEW_FROM" VARCHAR2(600) NOT NULL,

"VIEW_WHERE" VARCHAR2(2000),

"VIEW_ORDER_BY" VARCHAR2(600),

"VIEW_GROUP_BY" VARCHAR2(600),

"VIEW_HAVING" VARCHAR2(600),

"VIEW_DB_LINK_NAME" VARCHAR2(100),

"CURRENT_VERSION" NUMBER DEFAULT 1 NOT NULL,

"VERSION_HISTORY" VARCHAR2(3000) DEFAULT 'init input' NOT NULL,

"DEVELOP_DATE" DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE NOT NULL,

"DEVELOP_BY" VARCHAR2(100) DEFAULT 'cyyan@isoftstone' NOT NULL,

"LAST_MAINTAIN_DATE" DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE NOT NULL,

"LAST_MAINTAIN_BY" VARCHAR2(100) DEFAULT 'cyyan@isoftstone' NOT NULL,

"MEMO" VARCHAR2(500),

"STATUS" NUMBER DEFAULT 1,

CONSTRAINT PK_ETL_VIEWS PRIMARY KEY ("ID")

);

COMMENT ON TABLE ETL_VIEWS IS

'此表用于维护ETL涉及到所有视图, 包括:

1, v1---db表中与ods对应到视图

2, v2---ods表中与db对应到视图

3, v3---ods表中与dw对应到视图

4, v4---dw表中与ods中对应到视图';

/*==============================================================*/

/* Table: ETLS */

/*==============================================================*/

CREATE TABLE ETLS (

"ID" NUMBER NOT NULL,

"ETL_NAME" VARCHAR2(300) NOT NULL,

"ETL_TYPE" VARCHAR2(30) NOT NULL,

"ETL_SRC_VIEW_OR_TABLE" NUMBER NOT NULL,

"ETL_DES_VIEW_OR_TABLE" NUMBER NOT NULL,

"ETL_INIT_ENABLE" NUMBER(1) DEFAULT 1 NOT NULL,

"ETL_ADD_ENABLE" NUMBER(1) DEFAULT 1 NOT NULL,

"ETL_CHARGE_ENABLE" NUMBER(1) DEFAULT 1 NOT NULL,

"CURRENT_VERSION" NUMBER DEFAULT 1 NOT NULL,

"VERSION_HISTORY" VARCHAR2(3000) DEFAULT 'init input' NOT NULL,

"DEVELOP_DATE" DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE NOT NULL,

"DEVELOP_BY" VARCHAR2(100) DEFAULT 'cyyan@isoftstone' NOT NULL,

"LAST_MAINTAIN_DATE" DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE NOT NULL,

"LAST_MAINTAIN_BY" VARCHAR2(100) DEFAULT 'cyyan@isoftstone' NOT NULL,

"MEMO" VARCHAR2(500),

"STATUS" NUMBER DEFAULT 1,

CONSTRAINT PK_ETLS PRIMARY KEY ("ID")

);

COMMENT ON TABLE ETLS IS

'此表用于维护ETL转换时设计到源表和目的表

源表(或视图)--->目的表(或视图)-

(推荐全部使用视图, 视图具有更过到灵活性, 而且更统一)

整体架构是在完全相同两张表(或视图)之间进行同步处理

规范:

1, 源表(或视图)-和目的表(或视图)-完全相同

2, 目的视图必须是单表';

--存储过程

/*==============================================================*/

/* Database name: %DATABASE% */

/* DBMS name: ORACLE Version 10g */

/* Created on: 2009-2-1 23:29:27 */

/*==============================================================*/

-- INTEGRITY PACKAGE DECLARATION

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE INTEGRITYPACKAGE AS

PROCEDURE INITNESTLEVEL;

FUNCTION GETNESTLEVEL RETURN NUMBER;

PROCEDURE NEXTNESTLEVEL;

PROCEDURE PREVIOUSNESTLEVEL;

END INTEGRITYPACKAGE;

-- INTEGRITY PACKAGE DEFINITION

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY INTEGRITYPACKAGE AS

NESTLEVEL NUMBER;

-- PROCEDURE TO INITIALIZE THE TRIGGER NEST LEVEL

PROCEDURE INITNESTLEVEL IS

BEGIN

NESTLEVEL := 0;

END;

-- FUNCTION TO RETURN THE TRIGGER NEST LEVEL

FUNCTION GETNESTLEVEL RETURN NUMBER IS

BEGIN

IF NESTLEVEL IS NULL THEN

NESTLEVEL := 0;

END IF;

RETURN(NESTLEVEL);

END;

-- PROCEDURE TO INCREASE THE TRIGGER NEST LEVEL

PROCEDURE NEXTNESTLEVEL IS

BEGIN

IF NESTLEVEL IS NULL THEN

NESTLEVEL := 0;

END IF;

NESTLEVEL := NESTLEVEL + 1;

END;

-- PROCEDURE TO DECREASE THE TRIGGER NEST LEVEL

PROCEDURE PREVIOUSNESTLEVEL IS

BEGIN

NESTLEVEL := NESTLEVEL - 1;

END;

END INTEGRITYPACKAGE;

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE PRO_CREATE_VIEW_BY_ETL_VIEWS

--------------PRO_CREATE_VIEW_BY_ETL_VIEWS------------------------

-- CREATED ON 2009-2-1 BY CYYAN@ISOFTSTONE

-- 功能 : 根据ETL_VIEWS中到数据生成视图

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

VIEW_CREATE_CODE VARCHAR2(10000); --生成视图到代码

VIEW_NAME VARCHAR2(100); --视图名称

VIEW_SELECT VARCHAR2(4000); --视图的SELECT部分

VIEW_FROM VARCHAR2(300); --视图的FROM部分

VIEW_WHERE VARCHAR2(3000); --视图的WHERE部分

VIEW_ORDER_BY VARCHAR2(600); --视图的ORDER BY部分

VIEW_GROUP_BY VARCHAR2(600); --视图的GROUP BY部分

VIEW_HAVING VARCHAR2(600); --视图的HAVING部分

VIEW_DB_LINK_NAME VARCHAR2(100); --视图的DB LINK部分

ROW_COUNT NUMBER; --行数

CURSOR ETL_VIEWS_CURSOR IS --提取创建视图需要到信息

SELECT VIEW_NAME, VIEW_SELECT, VIEW_FROM, VIEW_WHERE, VIEW_ORDER_BY, VIEW_GROUP_BY, VIEW_HAVING, VIEW_DB_LINK_NAME FROM ETL_VIEWS T WHERE T.CURRENT_VERSION = (SELECT MAX(T2.CURRENT_VERSION) FROM ETL_VIEWS T2 WHERE T.VIEW_NAME = T2.VIEW_NAME);

BEGIN

-- 统计行数

SELECT COUNT(*) INTO ROW_COUNT FROM ETL_VIEWS T WHERE T.CURRENT_VERSION = (SELECT MAX(T2.CURRENT_VERSION) FROM ETL_VIEWS T2 WHERE T.VIEW_NAME = T2.VIEW_NAME);

OPEN ETL_VIEWS_CURSOR; --打开游标

FOR I IN 1 .. ROW_COUNT LOOP --遍历

FETCH ETL_VIEWS_CURSOR

INTO VIEW_NAME, VIEW_SELECT, VIEW_FROM, VIEW_WHERE, VIEW_ORDER_BY, VIEW_GROUP_BY, VIEW_HAVING, VIEW_DB_LINK_NAME;

---拼接创建视图到语句

VIEW_CREATE_CODE := 'create or replace view ' || VIEW_NAME || ' as select ' || VIEW_SELECT || ' from ' || VIEW_FROM;

IF VIEW_DB_LINK_NAME IS NOT NULL THEN

VIEW_CREATE_CODE := VIEW_CREATE_CODE || '@' || VIEW_DB_LINK_NAME;

END IF;

IF VIEW_WHERE IS NOT NULL THEN

VIEW_CREATE_CODE := VIEW_CREATE_CODE || ' where ' || VIEW_WHERE;

END IF;

IF VIEW_ORDER_BY IS NOT NULL THEN

VIEW_CREATE_CODE := VIEW_CREATE_CODE || ' order by ' || VIEW_ORDER_BY;

END IF;

IF VIEW_GROUP_BY IS NOT NULL THEN

VIEW_CREATE_CODE := VIEW_CREATE_CODE || ' group by ' || VIEW_GROUP_BY;

END IF;

IF VIEW_HAVING IS NOT NULL THEN

VIEW_CREATE_CODE := VIEW_CREATE_CODE || ' having ' || VIEW_HAVING;

END IF;

--输出创建语句

--DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(VIEW_CREATE_CODE);

--DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('');

--执行创建视图

EXECUTE IMMEDIATE VIEW_CREATE_CODE;

END LOOP;

CLOSE ETL_VIEWS_CURSOR; --关闭游标

END;

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE PRO_INSERT_INTO_ETL_VIEWS

--ADD BY CYYAN@ISOFTSTONE

--2009年2月1日21:33:37

---此存储过程用于将ETL_TABLE中标识需要创建VIEW 到TABLE, 进行自动提起转换到ETL_VIEWS中.

--处理过程用到啦系统表COL从此表中获取列名

TABLE_NAME VARCHAR2(100); --表名

COL_NAME VARCHAR2(100); --列名

TABLE_COUNT NUMBER; --表到行数

--COL_COUNT NUMBER; --列数

ETL_VIEWS_INSERT_CODE VARCHAR2(600); --插入语句到 INSERT部分

ETL_VIEWS_VALUES_CODE VARCHAR2(16000); --插入语句到VALUES部分

--ETL_VIEWS的到列

VIEW_NAME_PREFIX VARCHAR2(30);--实体名到前缀

TABLE_TYPE VARCHAR2(30); --表类型如 DB, ODS, DW

TABLE_ROOT_IN VARCHAR2(30); --表来源, 来自那个系统, 如资金系统"NHZJ", 财务系统"NHCW"

VIEW_SELECT VARCHAR2(10000); --VIEW 语句到SELECT部分, 这个需要遍历一个表到所有列

DB_LINK_NAME VARCHAR2(100);

CURRENT_VERSION VARCHAR2(600); --版本部分, 这里没更新, 只要全部删除, 或不断插入, 此字段定义了版本, 没有变更都形成新到版本, 取值是取最大值

CURSOR_NUMBER NUMBER;

COL_SELECT_SQL VARCHAR2(100);

RETURN_VALUE NUMBER;

--从ETL_TABLES中查询需要生成视图到表

CURSOR DB_TABLES_CURSOR IS

SELECT UPPER(TABLE_NAME), T.TABLE_TYPE, T.TABLE_ROOT_IN, T.TABLE_CREATE_VIEW_NAME_PREFIX, DB_LINK_NAME FROM ETL_TABLES T WHERE (UPPER(T.TABLE_TYPE) = 'DB' OR UPPER(T.TABLE_TYPE) = 'DW' ) AND T.TABLE_NEED_CREATE_VIEW = 1;

--CURSOR_NUMBER NUMBER; --游标 OLD WAY 执行需要, NEW WAY 不需要

--RETURN_VALUE NUMBER; --执行后返回值 OLD WAY 执行需要, NEW WAY 不需要

BEGIN

-- TEST STATEMENTS HERE

SELECT COUNT(*) INTO TABLE_COUNT FROM ETL_TABLES T WHERE (UPPER(T.TABLE_TYPE) = 'DB' OR UPPER(T.TABLE_TYPE) = 'DW' ) AND T.TABLE_NEED_CREATE_VIEW = 1;

--构造INSERT部分

ETL_VIEWS_INSERT_CODE := 'insert into etl_views(view_name, view_type, view_root_in, view_select, view_from, current_version, VIEW_DB_LINK_NAME) ';

OPEN DB_TABLES_CURSOR;

FOR I IN 1 .. TABLE_COUNT LOOP --表遍历

FETCH DB_TABLES_CURSOR

INTO TABLE_NAME, TABLE_TYPE, TABLE_ROOT_IN, VIEW_NAME_PREFIX, DB_LINK_NAME;

--构造VALUES部分

ETL_VIEWS_VALUES_CODE := 'values(''' || VIEW_NAME_PREFIX || TABLE_NAME || ''', ''' || TABLE_TYPE || ''', ''' || TABLE_ROOT_IN || '''';

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT(TABLE_NAME);

/* 使用CURSOR遍历列到方法不适用于DB_LINK

--准备遍历列

SELECT COUNT(*) INTO COL_COUNT FROM COL@DB_LINK_NHZJ WHERE COL.TNAME = UPPER(TABLE_NAME);

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(' table has ' || COL_COUNT || ' cols');

DECLARE

CURSOR COLS_CURSOR IS

SELECT C.CNAME FROM COL@DB_LINK_NHZJ C WHERE C.TNAME = UPPER(TABLE_NAME);

BEGIN

OPEN COLS_CURSOR;

VIEW_SELECT := '';

--下面用逗号拼接列

FETCH COLS_CURSOR --遍历第一列

INTO COL_NAME;

VIEW_SELECT := VIEW_SELECT || COL_NAME;

FOR J IN 2 .. COL_COUNT LOOP --遍历后面到列

FETCH COLS_CURSOR

INTO COL_NAME;

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(' ' || COL_NAME);

VIEW_SELECT := VIEW_SELECT || ', ' || COL_NAME;

END LOOP;

CLOSE COLS_CURSOR;

END;

--DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(VIEW_SELECT);

-- DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(ETL_VIEWS_VALUES_CODE);

/* 使用 DBMS_SQL */

-- ANOTHER WAY USER DBMS_SQL PACKAGE

COL_SELECT_SQL := 'select t.cname from sys.col@' || DB_LINK_NAME || ' T where T.tname = ''' || TABLE_NAME || '''';

--SQL_CODE := 'select t.cname from sys.col T where T.tname = ''' || TABLE_NAME || '''';

CURSOR_NUMBER := DBMS_SQL.OPEN_CURSOR();

DBMS_SQL.PARSE(CURSOR_NUMBER, COL_SELECT_SQL, DBMS_SQL.NATIVE);

DBMS_SQL.DEFINE_COLUMN(CURSOR_NUMBER,1,COL_NAME, 100);

RETURN_VALUE := DBMS_SQL.EXECUTE(CURSOR_NUMBER);

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(' RETURN_VALUE = ' || RETURN_VALUE);

RETURN_VALUE := DBMS_SQL.FETCH_ROWS(CURSOR_NUMBER); --获取第一列

DBMS_SQL.COLUMN_VALUE(CURSOR_NUMBER,1,COL_NAME);

VIEW_SELECT := COL_NAME;

WHILE DBMS_SQL.FETCH_ROWS(CURSOR_NUMBER)<>0 LOOP ---遍历其它到列

DBMS_SQL.COLUMN_VALUE(CURSOR_NUMBER,1,COL_NAME);

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(COL_NAME);

VIEW_SELECT := VIEW_SELECT || ', ' || COL_NAME;

END LOOP;

-- DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('VIEW_SELECT : ' || VIEW_SELECT);

DBMS_SQL.CLOSE_CURSOR(CURSOR_NUMBER);

--生成最新到版本号: 视图名称是唯一的

SELECT NVL(MAX(CURRENT_VERSION),0) + 1 INTO CURRENT_VERSION FROM ETL_VIEWS V WHERE V.VIEW_NAME = VIEW_NAME_PREFIX || TABLE_NAME;

ETL_VIEWS_VALUES_CODE := ETL_VIEWS_VALUES_CODE || CHR(10) || ', ''' || VIEW_SELECT || '''' || CHR(10) || ', ''' || TABLE_NAME || ''', ''' || CURRENT_VERSION || ''', ''' || DB_LINK_NAME || ''')';

--输出插入到语句

--DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(ETL_VIEWS_INSERT_CODE);

--DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(ETL_VIEWS_VALUES_CODE);

--DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('');

--DBMS_STANDARD.

--执行插入语句

-- NEW WAY

EXECUTE IMMEDIATE ETL_VIEWS_INSERT_CODE || ETL_VIEWS_VALUES_CODE;

-- OLD WAY

CURSOR_NUMBER := DBMS_SQL.OPEN_CURSOR();

DBMS_SQL.PARSE(CURSOR_NUMBER, ETL_VIEWS_INSERT_CODE, DBMS_SQL.NATIVE);

RETURN_VALUE := DBMS_SQL.EXECUTE(CURSOR_NUMBER);

DBMS_SQL.CLOSE_CURSOR(CURSOR_NUMBER);

END LOOP;

COMMIT; --提交

CLOSE DB_TABLES_CURSOR; --关闭游标

--EXCEPTION

--ROLLBACK;

END;

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER TRG_ID_ON_ETLS

BEFORE INSERT ON ETLS

FOR EACH ROW

DECLARE

-- NOTHING

BEGIN

SELECT SEQ_ETL_INCREASE_ID.NEXTVAL INTO :NEW.ID FROM DUAL;

END TRIGGER_ID_INCREASE;

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER TRG_ID_ON_ETL_TABLES

BEFORE INSERT ON ETL_TABLES

FOR EACH ROW

DECLARE

-- NOTHING

BEGIN

SELECT SEQ_ETL_INCREASE_ID.NEXTVAL INTO :NEW.ID FROM DUAL;

END TRIGGER_ID_INCREASE;

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER TRG_ID_ON_ETL_VIEWS

BEFORE INSERT ON ETL_VIEWS

FOR EACH ROW

DECLARE

-- NOTHING

BEGIN

SELECT SEQ_ETL_INCREASE_ID.NEXTVAL INTO :NEW.ID FROM DUAL;

END TRIGGER_ID_INCREASE;

posted on 2010-12-31 10:42 xzc 阅读(1643) 评论(0) 编辑收藏所属分类: Oracle

方案理念--四化理念

架构

ETL

实现两个表结构完全一致的方法如下

---建表

--存储过程

常用链接

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