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线程--Exchanger

Posted on 2009-12-24 21:31 啥都写点 阅读(221) 评论(0)  编辑  收藏 所属分类: J2SE
    本例介绍第四个同步装置：Exchanger，它让两个线程呼唤信息。本实例模拟服务生和顾客，服务生往空杯子中倒水，顾客从装满水的杯子中喝水，然后互换杯子，服务生接着倒水，顾客接着喝水。

     初始化Exchanger对象时，可以通过泛型指定杯子能交换的信息类型。如“new Exchanger<String>;” 表示只能交换String类型的信息。
     Exchanger的exchanger方法表示当前线程准备交换信息，等待其他线程与它交换信息。当有其他线程调用该Exchanger对象的exchange方法时，立即交换信息。


import java.util.concurrent.Exchanger;

/**
 * Exchanger让两个线程可以互换信息。
 * 例子中服务生线程往空的杯子里倒水，顾客线程从装满水的杯子里喝水，
 * 然后通过Exchanger双方互换杯子，服务生接着往空杯子里倒水，顾客接着喝水，
 * 然后交换，如此周而复始。
 */
public class ExchangerTest {

    // 描述一个装水的杯子
    public static class Cup{
        // 标识杯子是否有水
        private boolean full = false;
        public Cup(boolean full){
            this.full = full;
        }
        // 添水，假设需要5s
        public void addWater(){
            if (!this.full){
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(5000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                }
                this.full = true;
            }
        }
        // 喝水，假设需要10s
        public void drinkWater(){
            if (this.full){
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(10000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                }
                this.full = false;
            }
        }
    }
    
    public static void testExchanger() {
        //    初始化一个Exchanger，并规定可交换的信息类型是杯子
        final Exchanger<Cup> exchanger = new Exchanger<Cup>();
        // 初始化一个空的杯子和装满水的杯子
        final Cup initialEmptyCup = new Cup(false); 
        final Cup initialFullCup = new Cup(true);

        //服务生线程
        class Waiter implements Runnable {
            public void run() {
                Cup currentCup = initialEmptyCup;
                try {
                    int i=0;
                    while (i < 2){
                        System.out.println("服务生开始往杯子中添水："
                                + System.currentTimeMillis());
                        // 往空的杯子里加水
                        currentCup.addWater();
                        System.out.println("服务生添水完毕："
                                + System.currentTimeMillis());
                        // 杯子满后和顾客的空杯子交换
                        System.out.println("服务生等待与顾客交换杯子："
                                + System.currentTimeMillis());
                        currentCup = exchanger.exchange(currentCup);
                        System.out.println("服务生与顾客交换杯子完毕："
                                + System.currentTimeMillis());
                        i++;
                    }

                } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
                }
            }
        }

        //顾客线程
        class Customer implements Runnable {
            public void run() {
                Cup currentCup = initialFullCup;
                try {
                    int i=0;
                    while (i < 2){
                        System.out.println("顾客开始喝水："
                                + System.currentTimeMillis());
                        //把杯子里的水喝掉
                        currentCup.drinkWater();
                        System.out.println("顾客喝水完毕："
                                + System.currentTimeMillis());
                        //将空杯子和服务生的满杯子交换
                        System.out.println("顾客等待与服务生交换杯子："
                                + System.currentTimeMillis());
                        currentCup = exchanger.exchange(currentCup);
                        System.out.println("顾客与服务生交换杯子完毕："
                                + System.currentTimeMillis());
                        i++;
                    }
                } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
                }
            }
        }
        
        new Thread(new Waiter()).start();
        new Thread(new Customer()).start();
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExchangerTest.testExchanger();
    }
}


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