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2012年6月1日 #

I had the same problem, and I solved it.

if you are using wamp for your localhost then click on the wamp green icon that is running and press on PHP directory, then you will see php.ini file

if you dont use wamp software, then just find the php.ini file and open it. and search for upload_max_filesize. you should find rows like the bellow one:

; Maximum allowed size for uploaded files.
; http://php.net/upload-max-filesize
upload_max_filesize = 2M

by default the upload_max_filesize is 2 megabyte. Just simply change it to
upload_max_filesize = 200M (200 megabyte)

then save your php.ini file and restart your services and it will work without any diverticulitis :) 

posted @ 2013-08-07 11:32 cnbarry 阅读(1921) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏

Things have been changing for quite some time in the SEO world. Hence, new trends have finally surfaced. Things that didn’t matter a few years ago are now of vital importance and companies are constantly making use of them to get more traffic. Here are a few such emerging trends in the SEO world:

• Mobile Search

According to a study conducted by Google, the queries from smartphones and tablets worldwide increased 80% year over year in 2012. Keeping that in mind, it has now become extremely necessary for website owners to update their strategies to cope up with the high number of mobile searches being conducted every day. The only way to keep up with this trend is to prepare the websites for mobile searches and to include the use of mobile specific web formatting.

• Twitter

Twitter is a social networking website like many others but its biggest advantage is its use for link building. Businesses can easily tweet their message and website on twitter. It is an easy way to attract genuine potential customers as the people who click on your link will already be interested in you (because of your description in the tweet). Apart from that, you can make your tweets re-tweetable and ask people to re-tweet (RT) them. As soon as your followers retweet them, their followers will see it and they might click on your link and re-tweet your tweet as well. Another way that you can get people talking about your company on twitter is to add a “tweet this” icon on your website thus enabling visitors to share your page.

• Quality

With its recent algorithm changes, Google has taken some major steps to ensure that the results provided to the users are of good quality. Hence, all the websites that contain repeated, irrelevant material are now suffering. Your material needs to be original and informative. Due to these changes, businesses now have to make sure that they update their websites regularly in order to convince Google that their material consists of a backlog of accurate content and provides value to the users.

• Google +

Google+ might not be such a trending social networking site, but it is one of the most important “emerging trends” in SEO. Since it’s a Google product, Google can very easily collect information about the interests and personal preferences of users depending on the websites that they visit while they are signed into their Google+ account. This gives a whole new meaning to personalized search. Users can also claim their work by linking it to their Google+ profile. Apart from that, Google can easily access data from Google+ therefore; the results from Google+ dominate the results from all other social networking websites.

• Conversion Rate Optimization

Since everyone wants conversions and not just traffic, CRO has become a very trending topic in the SEO world lately. By optimizing a website such that it provides an overall enhanced yet effortless experience to the users, can greatly increase conversion rates. Due to the increased conversion rates of a website, search engines will be able to rank them better than the websites that only get search traffic.

The Final Say

Trends have been constantly changing in the SEO world and therefore it is becoming extremely important for website owners to familiarize themselves with the latest trends. Whether it is the new algorithm changes in Google or the different techniques used to get more traffic, businesses will have to cope up with the changes or risk getting left behind in this race.

posted @ 2013-07-15 11:39 cnbarry 阅读(1529) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏

更新Firefox前,配置网站有时候会在本地与远程切换一下,可是今天明明修改了host,使用firefox时依然读取的是本地数据,多次清除所有历史数据并重启该浏览器依然无法显示远端网站信息, 这是何解? 莫非它真记录了我本地内容? 
posted @ 2013-07-13 17:38 cnbarry 阅读(293) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏

上次六月中旬更新大变一次后好久没看到G更新了, 有点不习惯,最好不变!
posted @ 2013-07-09 16:27 cnbarry 阅读(178) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏

初次使用OpenVPN,然后就碰到一个奇怪的问题,OpenVPN明明已提示连接成功,虚拟的网卡也分配了IP,443和21端口也没问题,“route print”似乎也有相应的路由项了,但就是上不了youtube、twitter这些网站。然后查日志,发现内容居然是空白的,这才想到是不没有日志的写入权限,最后以管理员身份运行,成功了。。。

真相大白,OpenVPN每次连接都会添加条默认路由,自然需要管理员权限。故解决方法如下:

方法1:以管理员身份运行 OpenVPN GUI

方法2:连接openvpn后,添加默认路由“route add 0.0.0.0 mask 0.0.0.0 192.168.21.93”,其中192.168.21.93是网关。

posted @ 2012-10-31 15:55 cnbarry 阅读(10155) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏

--
Back in December 2002, Google launched its long expected product and shopping search engine. It was calledFroogle, a combination of “frugal” and “Google.” Just over four years later, Froogle isfinally losingits cutesy name for something more descriptive — to becomeGoogle Product Search. It will also gain a cleaner interface, as well.

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互动百科(不准)
Froogle是Google(谷歌)在2004年3月29日推出的对照购物信息网站,主要为顾客提供购物信息和建议,Google从每笔在线交易中抽取一定比例的佣金。

Froogle - Froogle来源 “Froogle”的灵感来自英文单词“frugal”(花钱节俭的)。

Froogle - Froogle演变 2007年04月20日,鉴于Froogle这个改造而来的名字看起来甚至令最热爱技术的互联网用户都琢磨不透,谷歌决定放弃该品牌,把Froogle业务已改名为“Google产品搜索”。 

source:
http://searchengineland.com/goodbye-froogle-hello-google-product-search-11001
http://www.hudong.com/wiki/Froogle
posted @ 2012-06-04 15:08 cnbarry 阅读(1640) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏

Google很快将把搜索结果里的不需要付费的完全自然的购物搜索结果,替换成需要付费才可显示出来的商品广告形式。现在你搜索跟商品有关的关键字的时候,会在页面中部看到所谓的购物搜索结果,这是完全自然的根据算法呈现的搜索结果,来自各个购物网站的内容。但到今年秋季,这个OneBox搜索结果将下线,取而代之的是一种新的被称作Google Shopping商品广告OneBox,这一改动将使Google一年多收入一亿三千万美元,全球一年多收入两亿五千万美元广告费。...

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Google Product Search To Become Google Shopping, Use Pay-To-Play Model

Google Product Search is getting a new name, Google Shopping, and a new business model where only merchants that pay will be listed. It’s the first time Google will decommission a search product that previously listed companies for free. The companysays the change will improve the searcher experience, but it will also likely raise new worries that Google may further cut free listings elsewhere.

“This is about delivering the best answers for people searching for products and helping connect merchants with the right customers,” said Sameer Samat, vice president of product management for Google Shopping, when explaining that by moving to an all-paid model, Google believes it will have better and more trustworthy data that will improve the shopping search experience for its users.

Perhaps this will be so; perhaps not. We’ll only have a better idea when the transformation is complete. The process begins now with experiments, launches more fully in the summer and will take through the fall to finish in the United States, when the service should be formally renamed from Google Product Search to Google Shopping.

Next year, the change to paid inclusion will happen outside the US, Google says. In some countries, Google Product Search has already been called Google Shopping but without the paid listings model.

Starting Now: Experiments

Beginning today, Google will run a variety of experiments on Google.com, for a small percentage of searchers at first, that merge listings from Google Product Listing Ads and Google Product Search together. To understand better, consider this “before” example:

You can see that Google has its traditional AdWords text ads above and to the right of the main results. Also above are Product Listing Ads, which were launched at the end of 2010 and allow advertisers to show small images next to their ads, as well as purchase on a CPA (cost per action/sale) basis, rather than the more common CPC (cost per click) basis. Product Listing Ads sometimes appear to the right of the main results, as well.

...

from:
posted @ 2012-06-04 09:33 cnbarry 阅读(1736) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏

终端输入sudo mv /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober /etc/grub.d/06_os-prober 接着提示你输入密码,输入完密码之后 然后再输入sudo update-grub 重启之后,启动时WIN7在UBUNTU上面。
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Hey guys, I recently installed windows 7 on a new HD and ripped out my old vista HD and formated it. Upon restarting, my windows 7 HD is not bootable. I'm guessing all the boot info was on the vista HD. Anyone know where I can get boot files from, or how to create new boot files? I might add, I have hirens 10 with minixp so I can boot the system and view/edit some files.

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Well I found an answer after even more searching.

"What I did was I just went to reinstall Windows in the same directory. Then when it did the copying of the image and went to reboot for the install, I noticed it showed me the boot menu to go back to Windows 7. So what I did was I stopped the installation from that point and I booted Windows 7. Went to the local disk and deleted the startup files in %Windows_temp folder and then did MSCONFIG selected the Boot tab and removed the setup from the bootmenu. "

from this forum http://www.sevenforums.com/general-d...ix-anyone.html. I ended up starting that process but I went to the bathroom while it was expanding files and it restarted and finished the install. No biggie, I just installed a couple days ago. Well hope this helps anyone else with the same problem.

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Hi splatter85 - Welcome to w7forums

I am happy you got everything working.

We have an article on Windows Startup Repair from the install media. - Startup Repair

There is also smaller Windows Repair Disk that will not install but will have all the same repair functions of the install media. - Download Windows 7 System Recovery Discs
 
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 (This is just the most similar case on me, my dual systems of ubuntu but I can't login my win7 system)
posted @ 2012-06-03 10:55 cnbarry 阅读(2857) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏

Holidays in the U.S.
Every month of the year has something special to celebrate in the U.S. Throughout the years, the U.S.Congress has passed laws declaring special days as official observances known as federal holidays. Each federal holiday represents a day when federal employees and many other workers have a paid day off from their jobs. There are some holidays we celebrate that are not federal holidays but are very popular holidays to celebrate
January
The first day of January is New Year's Day. This federal holiday celebrates the beginning of each New Year. People in the U.S. sometimes spend this day watching college football games and parades.
On the third Monday in January, we celebrate Martin Luther King, Jr.'s birthday as a federal holiday. Martin Luther King, Jr. worked to change laws so that all people in the U.S. would be treated fairly. He worked for change in the 1950s and 60s when many states had laws separating black and white people. Martin Luther King taught people to use peaceful demonstrations to change laws, instead of violence. Many laws were changed because of his work. Many people worked with him in the hope that the U.S. could be a fair country for all people.
In January or February many people in the U.S. celebrate the Chinese New Year. The Chinese New Year falls between January 10th and February 19th. The date changes because it is from a calendar based on the moon, not the sun. On this day, many families clean their homes of all the "old" and get ready for the New Year. They wear new clothes and share delicious food. They give each other red envelopes with money for good luck in the coming year. They also light firecrackers to chase away bad luck.
1月1日  新年(New Year's Day) 
新年是全美各州一致庆祝的主要节日。美国人过新年,最热闹的是除夕晚上。是夜,人们聚集在教堂、街头或广场,唱诗、祈祷、祝福、忏悔,并一同迎候那除旧更新的一瞬。午夜12点,全国教堂钟声齐鸣,乐队高奏著名的怀旧歌曲《一路平安》。在音乐声中,激动的人们拥抱在一起,怀着惜别的感伤和对新生活的向往共同迎来新的一年。 
    新年在美国并不是最热闹的节日,但仍有不少盛大的庆祝活动,加利福尼亚州的玫瑰花会是美国规模最大的新年盛典,届时用鲜花特别是玫瑰花扎成的彩车绵延数英里,车上摆满鲜花做的各种模型,不仅吸引加州的男女老少簇拥街头,而且还吸引着上百万电视观众。在费城,有举行化装游行的传统,参加游行的人们,有的装扮成小丑,有的装扮成妇女(按照古老的习俗,这个游行不允许女人参加),随着彩车载歌载舞,热闹非凡。 
    美国人还有一个有意思的习惯,就是在新年许愿立志,他们称之为“新年决心”。这决心通常不是什么宏图大志,而是一些朴实而实际的打算,例如“我一定戒烟”、“我要好好对待邻居”等等。他们总是坦率地讲给大家听,以期得到监督和鼓励。 
    据说美国的印第安人也有独特的新年习俗。每到除夕之夜,他们就举行富有特色的篝火晚会,一家人围在篝火旁边,载歌载舞。待至晨曦微露,他们就把破旧衣物付之一炬,作为除旧迎新的象征。
February
February 14th is Saint Valentine's Day. Saint Valentine's Day began in Europe and has been celebrated for hundreds of years. In the U.S. today, we remember friends and sweethearts with cards called valentines, flowers, chocolates or small gifts.
We celebrate Presidents' Day on the 3rd Monday of February as a federal holiday commemorating the birthdays of George Washington and Abraham Lincoln.. We call George Washington "the father of our country" because he was the American general in the Revolutionary War who led us to victory against England. He was elected our first president. Abraham Lincoln was our 16th president. He kept our country together during the Civil War when the Southern states wanted to form a separate country. Lincoln freed the slaves with the Emancipation Proclamation.
2月12日  林肯纪念日(Lincoln's Birthday) 
亚伯拉罕·林肯是美国南北战争的领导者,为废除奴隶制立下了不朽功勋。其诞辰日2月12日现为美国除南部外的26个州的法定纪念日。 
    1809年2月12日,林肯诞生于肯塔基州一农民家庭。1834年,林肯被选入伊利诺斯州议会,1847年当选为国会众议员。他公开抨击蓄奴制。1860年,林肯当选美国第16任总统。这时南部7州组成南方邦联政府,企图分裂美国。林肯内阁遂决定用武力维护联邦统一。1861年南北战争爆发。1863年1月,林肯宣布了《解放宣言》,使美国所有的奴隶从法律上获得了自由。1865年,历经4年苦战的美国内战终于结束,北方获得最后胜利,为美国资本主义的发展彻底扫清了道路。1865年4月14日,林肯在华盛顿福特剧院看戏时,被一个名叫约翰·布思的南方暴徒连击数枪,子弹射中头部,伤及大脑,翌日凌晨与世长辞。 
    多少年过去了,林肯仍然在美国人民心中占有崇高的地位。每逢林肯诞辰日,人们便举行讲演,发表纪念文章,去林肯纪念堂的瞻仰者更是络绎不绝。
2月14日  圣瓦伦丁节(情人节)(St. Valentine's Day) 
2月14日,是西方传统的圣瓦伦丁节,又称“情人节”,它具有悠久的历史。古罗马时代的牧神节,就是一个情侣们的节日。是日男女青年欢聚一堂,姑娘们把表达爱情的祝词放在签筒里,小伙子依次抽签,抽到哪位姑娘的祝词,那位姑娘就成为他的恋人。 
    基督教兴起,教会对牧神节习俗不以为然。但由于这个节日受到青年人的偏爱,到公元7世纪,教会便把这个节日同基督教联系在一起,用基督教殉教者圣瓦伦丁主教的名字为这个节日重新命名,并把日期由原来的2月15日改为2月14日。传说,公元3世纪,罗马皇帝认为已婚男子不愿离家当兵,因此发布了一道禁止结婚的法令。圣瓦伦丁主教因违背皇帝旨意,秘密为青年人举行婚礼,而遭到监禁,于公元273年2月14日死于狱中。 
    圣瓦伦丁节曾是英国人喜爱的节日,随着新大陆的开发,英国移民把这一富有浪漫色彩的节日带到了北美,逐渐在美国生根开花。 
    年轻人是圣瓦伦丁节当之无愧的主角,他们要在这一节日里郑重其事地为恋人选择礼物、赠送鲜花,表达自己的爱慕之情。痴情的姑娘可能会按照古老的传说,在圣瓦伦丁节前夜把月桂树叶放在枕头上,盼望在梦中同自己的心上人相会。 
    在美国,圣瓦伦丁节已不仅仅是青年人的节日,亲人朋友之间都可以互送小礼品以表达感情增进友谊。不少商店专门出售这类礼品,如装饰成心形的巧克力糖、或者系着缎带的红玫瑰和郁金香花束。至于各式各样的情人卡,更是比比皆是。
2月18日  华盛顿诞辰日(Washington's Birthday) 
  乔治·华盛顿作为美国的开国元勋和第一任总统而为美国人民永远纪念,其诞辰日2月22日是美国各州的法定假日。 
    1732年2月22日,华盛顿诞生于弗吉尼亚州。早年曾在英国殖民军中服役。1756~63年英法七年战争中因作战有功升为上校。1775~81年独立战争期间,当选为大陆军总司令,率领殖民地人民浴血奋战,迫使英国于1783年正式承认美国独立。1789年,华盛顿当选美国第一任总统,连任两届。任期内为新生国家的巩固做出了巨大贡献。美国最高法院、国务院、财政部以及其他重要政府机构都是在华盛顿执政时设立的。1797年,华盛顿功成身退,为美国确立总统内阁制,废除世袭制起了决定性作用。1799年12月14日华盛顿病逝。 
    美国独立前,人们每年都要为英国国王庆祝诞辰。宣布独立后,美国人民转而庆祝华盛顿将军的生日。这一习惯始于1778年。当时华盛顿正率军坚守瓦利要塞,一支炮兵乐队在他生日之际为他演奏了小夜曲。现在华盛顿诞辰日已成为联邦各州的法定节日,届时各州都普遍举行隆重的公众仪式、盛大宴会等庆祝活动。美国人在这一天还喜欢吃樱桃馅饼,玩纸制小斧,这一习俗来源于华盛顿幼小时用斧砍坏樱桃树后向其父诚实认错的故事。 
March
March 17th is St. Patrick's Day. This holiday comes from Ireland. People wear 3-leaf shamrocks because St. Patrick used them to explain the Christian Trinity. Many people celebrate this holiday by wearing shamrocks or green clothing in honor of St. Patrick. Some people even drink green beer!
3月17日  圣帕特里克节(St. Patrick's Day) 
圣帕特里克节为3月17日,以纪念爱尔兰守护神圣帕特里克。这一节日5世纪末期起源于爱尔兰,美国从1737年3月17日开始庆祝。 
    公元432年,圣帕特里克受教皇派遣前往爱尔兰劝说爱尔兰人皈依基督教。他从威克洛上岸后,当地愤怒的异教徒企图用石头将他砸死。但圣帕特里克临危不惧,当即摘下一棵三叶苜蓿,形象地阐明了圣父、圣子、圣灵三位一体的教义。他雄辩的演说使爱尔兰人深受感动,接受了圣帕特里克主施的隆重洗礼。公元493年3月17日,圣帕特里克逝世,爱尔兰人为了纪念他,将这一天定为圣帕特里克节。 
    1737年,一些爱尔兰绅士和商人们在美国马萨诸塞州波士顿聚会纪念圣帕特里克,并成立了爱尔兰慈善社团。1780年和1784年,费城和纽约先后成立了圣帕特里克友谊之子等团体,从此美国每年都庆祝这个节日。 
    美国的圣帕特里克节这一天,人们通常要举行游行、教堂礼拜和聚餐等活动。美国的爱尔兰人喜欢佩带三叶苜蓿,用爱尔兰的国旗颜色——绿黄两色装饰房间,身穿绿色衣服,并向宾客赠送三叶苜蓿饰物等。
April
Holidays in the spring are celebrations of the rebirth of life. Passover is a Jewish holiday celebrated between March 13th and April 11th. Easter is a Christian holiday that is celebrated on a Sunday between March 22nd and April 25th. Christians celebrate the resurrection of Jesus Christ. In the U.S., people attend religious services and family gatherings like picnics. They hide colored eggs for children to find. Many children wake up to baskets filled with candy that the "Easter Bunny" has left for them.
4月1日  愚人节(All Fools' Day) 
4月1日是西方也是美国的民间传统节日——愚人节。愚人节起源于法国。1564年,法国首先采用新改革的纪年法,即目前的公历,以1月1日为一年之始。但一些因循守旧的人依然按照旧历固执地在4月1日这一天庆祝新年。主张改革的人对这些守旧者大加嘲弄。在4月1日给他们送假礼品,邀请他们参加假招待会,并把上当受骗的保守分子称为“四月傻瓜”。从此人们每逢4月1日便互相愚弄,成为法国流行的习俗。18世纪初,愚人节习俗传到英国,接着又被英国的早期移民带到了美国。 
    愚人节,人们常常组织家庭聚会,用水仙花和雏菊把房间装饰一新。典型的传统做法是布置假环境,如把房间布置得像过新年一样,等客人到来时则祝他们“新年快乐”,令人感到别致有趣。 
    不过愚人节最典型的活动还是大家相互开玩笑,捉弄对方,比如,小孩子会告诉父母说自己的书包破了个洞,或者脸上有个黑点,等大人俯身来看时,他们就一边喊着“四月傻瓜”,一边笑着跑开去。 
    如今的愚人节在美国已主要是淘气的男孩子们的节日。
4月***日  复活节(Easter)(一般指春分月圆后第一个星期日) 
复活节是基督教纪念耶稣复活的一个宗教节日。每年,春分过去,第一次月圆后的第一个星期日就是复活节。日期年年不同,一般在3月22日至4月25日之间。 
    复活节有不少传统习惯,最典型的要数复活节彩蛋。古人常把蛋视为多子多孙和复活的象征。后来基督教徒又赋予蛋新的涵义,认为它是耶稣墓的象征,未来的生命就是从其中挣脱而出世的。复活节时人们把鸡蛋染成红色,代表耶稣受难时流出的鲜血,同时也象征复活后的快乐。还有一种古老的习俗,是把煮熟的鸡蛋送给街头的孩子们做游戏,他们把蛋往前滚,谁的蛋最后破,谁就获得胜利,蛋全归他所有。 
    兔子也是复活节的象征。因为兔子繁殖力很强,所以人们把它视为新生命的表现者。大人常绘声绘色地告诉孩子复活节彩蛋是兔子下的,并把彩蛋放在花园里,让孩子们玩找蛋游戏。 
    现在每逢复活节,美国大小糖果店总要出售用巧克力制成的复活节小兔和彩蛋。这些彩蛋小的和鸡蛋差不多,大的竟有甜瓜那么大,孩子们自然喜欢,送给亲戚朋友,也不失为上佳礼品。
May
Mother's Day is observed in the United States in honor of mothers on the second Sunday in May. Julia Ward Howe wrote a Mother's Day proclamation in 1870. She wanted to have an international day when all mothers of the world would stand up and speak for peace, so their sons would not have to die in war. In 1907, Anna Jarvis proposed a day to remember all mothers. Today, Mother's Day is a holiday to remember mothers with cards, flowers and presents.
Many people in the U.S. celebrate "el cinco de mayo". This means the 5th of May in Spanish. This holiday celebrates a battle won by Mexicans against the French. In some areas of the U.S., there are parades on this day. Many people eat Mexican food and listen to Mexican Music.
The last Monday in May is Memorial Day. Since 1868, this federal holiday has honored the Union Civil War soldiers who died. Now, we remember all soldiers who died for this country. People decorate soldiers' graves. Many people also decorate the graves of their families.
5月***日  植树节(Arbor Day)(五月的第二个星期五) 
植树节是一个州定节日,没有全美统一规定的日期。但是每年4、5月间,美国各州都要组织植树节活动。例如,罗得岛州规定每年5月份的第二个星期五为植树节,并放假一天。其他各州有的是固定日期,有的临时决定日期。每当这一天到来,以学生为主的社会各界群众便组成浩浩荡荡的植树大军,投入植树活动。 
    植树节是由内布拉斯加州发起的。19世纪以前,内布拉斯加州是一片光秃秃的荒原,大风一起,满天黄沙,人民深受其苦。1872年,美国著名农学家莫尔顿提议在内布拉斯加州定立植树节,动员人民有计划地植树造林。当时州农业局通过决议采纳了这一提议,由州长规定每年4月份的第三个星期三为植树节。这一决定做出后,当年就植树上百万棵。此后的16年间,又先后植树6亿棵,终于使内布拉斯加州10万公顷的荒野变成了茂密的森林。为表彰莫尔顿的功绩,1885年州议会正式规定以莫尔顿的生日4月22日为每年的植树节,并放假一天。
5月***日  母亲节(Mothers' Day)(五月的第二个星期日) 
美国的母亲节始于1907年5月,要求定立母亲节这一倡议是费城安娜·贾维斯提出的。她曾亲自在教堂安排仪式,组织活动,要求前来参加者胸前佩带白色石竹花。这一活动引起了不少人的关注和兴趣,翌年便有更多的教堂纷纷组织同样的活动。人们一致决定将每年5月的第二个星期日定为母亲节。 
    1911年,庆祝母亲节的活动已经开展得非常广泛,不仅席卷美国各州,而且连加拿大、墨西哥和南美的一些国家也都开始庆祝这个节日。此后几年中,庆祝母亲节的热潮有增无已。1912年,美国专门成立了母亲节国际协会。1913年5月,美国众议院一致通过决议,号召总统及内阁、参众两院和联邦政府的所有官员一律在母亲节佩带白色石竹花。1914年,美国国会正式命名5月的第二个星期二为母亲节。紧接着,威尔逊总统昭告全国公民在自己的住宅上悬挂国旗以表达人们对美国全体母亲的热爱和尊敬。此后美国总统每年都要发表一篇内容相同的宣言。 
    在胸前佩带石竹花,颜色是有讲究的。初时一律为白色,后来则变成那些母亲已经去世的人佩带白色石竹花,而母亲仍然健在的人则佩带红色石竹花。这一天,人们总要想方设法使母亲愉快地度过节日,感谢她们一年的辛勤劳动。最普通的方式是向母亲赠送母亲节卡片或礼物,还有些家庭则由丈夫孩子们把全部家务活包揽下来。
5月***日  阵亡将士纪念日(Memorial Day)(五月的最后一个星期一) 
阵亡将士纪念日是美国大多数州都要纪念的节日,时间原为5月30日,1971年以后,为保证联邦雇员都能享有这一休息日,许多州将它改在5月的最后一个星期一。 
    美国南北战争中,无数将士在战火中阵亡。战争结束,南部许多家庭开始祭奠战争中阵亡的将士。他们不分南北双方,在春天向双方死者的墓地都奉献鲜花,北方人为此深受感动,将这一举动视为民族团结的象征。1868年,5月30日这一天被正式批准为向为保卫祖国而英勇牺牲的士兵们敬献鲜花的日子。 
    第一次世界大战后,人们开始在阵亡将士纪念日这一天祭奠所有的战争死难者,后来在民间又逐渐发展为一般家庭祭奠逝去的亲人。今天已成为一个普遍的祭扫日,同我国的清明节十分相似。 
    每逢阵亡将士纪念日,美国现役军人和老战士便排成长长的队伍前往墓地,鸣枪向阵亡将士致意,吹响军中熄灯号让死难将士安息。
June
Flag Day on June 14th is the anniversary of the adoption of the American flag in 1777. It is not a federal holiday, although many people display flags outside their homes and in their communities.
The third Sunday in June is Father's Day in the United States. Father's Day was first observed in 1910 in Spokane, Washington. This is a day when people remember their fathers with presents and cards. People celebrate with family gatherings, picnics and sports activities.
6月14日  国旗日(Flag Day) 
国旗日是纪念美国大陆会议1777年6月14日通过了美国第一面正式国旗。目前,每逢是日,到处可见美国国旗迎风飘扬,全国各地都要举行纪念活动,以示对国旗的敬意。 
    美国第一次大规模的国旗纪念活动是1876年庆祝建国100周年时进行的。19世纪90年代,不少公立学校倡议每年在6月14日举行国旗纪念活动,很快得到了广泛的响应。1893年费城首先承认6月14日为国旗纪念日,1897年纽约州也承认了这一节日,并要求这一天各大建筑物上必须悬挂国旗。进入20世纪后,美国国旗协会再次发起纪念活动,国会为响应他们的倡议,于1949年正式确认6月14日为美国国旗日。
6月***日  父亲节(Fathers' Day)(六月的第三个星期日) 
人们在庆祝母亲节的同时,也没有忘记父亲的功绩。1909年就有人建议确定父亲节。据说第一个提出这种建议的是华盛顿的约翰·多德夫人。多德夫人的母亲早亡,其父独自一人承担起抚养教育孩子的重任, 
    把他们全部培养成人。1909年,多德夫人感念父亲养育之恩,准备为他举行活动,同时想到所有的父亲对家庭和社会的贡献,于是给当地一家教士协会写信,建议把6月的第三个星期日定为父亲节。该协会将建议提交会员讨论,获得了通过。1910年6月,人们便在此庆祝了第一个父亲节,当时,凡是父亲已故的人都佩带一朵白玫瑰,父亲在世的人则佩带红玫瑰。这种习俗一直流传至今。 
    开始时父亲节的日期在各地有所不同。而且有的地方用蒲公英作为父亲节的标志,有的地方则用衬有一片绿叶的白丁香作为父亲节的标志。1916年父亲节得到了美国第28任总统威尔逊的首肯,1924年美国第30任总统柯立芝建议将其定为全国性节日。1934年6月,美国国会统一规定6月的第三个星期日为父亲节。
July
The Fourth of July is a very important holiday in the U.S. We celebrate the signing of the Declaration of Independence by representatives of the thirteen American Colonies. On July 4, 1776, John Hancock, Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin, well-known patriots, declared the independence of the thirteen American colonies from Great Britain. This holiday is considered the `birthday of the United States of America.' It is the greatest non-religious holiday on the U.S. We celebrate this day with fireworks and parades.
独立日即美国国庆节,日期为7月4日,以纪念1776年7月4日大陆会议通过《独立宣言》。 
    《独立宣言》由托马斯·杰佛逊起草,1776年7月4日由大陆会议主席约翰·汉寇克签字生效。《独立宣言》提出了一切人生而平等,具有追求幸福与自由的天赋权利,政府的权力来自人民;历数了英国对北美13州进行殖民统治的罪行;最后庄严宣告美利坚合众国脱离英国而独立。从此,通过《独立宣言》的这一天成为美国人民永远纪念的节日。 
    早期独立日的庆祝活动主要是游行和演讲,后来又增加了户外活动、体育比赛等项目。燃放爆竹、烟花的活动曾一度十分流行,20世纪后为防止发生火灾等危险而取消。 
    今天,独立日在美国是一个相当热闹的节日,每逢这一天,全美大大小小的教堂钟声齐鸣,首先敲响的是费城自由钟。各地居民自发地举行庆祝游行,各种彩车、小型乐队和欢乐的人群排成浩浩荡荡的队伍,景象十分壮观。
August
During the month of August there are no major holidays to celebrate. Many families go on vacation or have picnics or go to the beach. August 26th is a day that is recognized and celebrated as Equality Day by individuals or groups because of the adoption of the 19th amendment to the Constitution in 1920. This amendment granted women the right to vote.
September
September has one federal holiday, Labor Day. It honors all working people in the U.S. and Canada. It began with a New York City parade in 1882 and is now celebrated on the first Monday in September. National Grandparents Day, which honors grandparents and the love they show to their children's children, is celebrated the first Sunday after Labor Day.
9月***日  劳动节(Labor Day)(九月的第一个星期一) 
劳动节是美国全国性节日,为9月的第一个星期一,放假一天,以示对劳工的尊重。 
    1882年,美国木工兄弟会主席彼得·麦奎尔首先提出设立一个劳动节。同年,美国劳动骑士团也通过同样的决定,并在纽约举行了庆祝游行。1884年,劳动骑士团进一步决定,每年劳动节都要举行游行等庆祝活动。 
    1887年2月,俄勒冈州第一个通过立法确定劳动节为法定节日,紧接着卡罗来纳、新泽西、纽约、马萨诸塞各州也通过了同样的立法,均把劳动节的日期定为9月的第一个星期一。1894年,美国国会正式宣布劳动节为全国性节日。
October
The 2nd Monday of October is Columbus Day, celebrating the historic trip of Christopher Columbus to the Americas in 1492. Because Columbus was Italian, this federal holiday is especially important to Italian-Americans but may not be celebrated in all states.
October 31st is Halloween. During the 19th century, immigrants to the United States brought Halloween customs. These customs have changed over the years. Children in costumes go from house to house saying "trick or treat." The treat usually given is candy and tricks are rarely done. A common symbol of Halloween is the jack-o-lantern, which is carved out of a pumpkin.
10月12日  哥伦布日(Columbus Day) 
哥伦布日为10月12日或10月的第二个星期一,以纪念哥伦布于1492年首次登上美洲大陆。 
    克里斯托弗·哥伦布是意大利航海家,出生于热那亚。1476年移居葡萄牙。他相信地圆说,认为自欧洲大西洋沿岸西行,可达东方。1492年10月,哥伦布率船3艘,水手87人,横渡大西洋,到达巴哈马群岛中的圣萨尔瓦多岛,成为西方第一个发现美洲新大陆的人。1493、1498、1502年他先后三次航行到美洲大陆沿岸进行实地考察。但他至死都误认为他所到达的美洲大陆是印度,故称当地居民为“印第安人”。 
    哥伦布日是美国于1792年首先发起纪念的。当时正是哥伦布到达美洲300周年纪念日,纽约市坦慕尼协会发起举办了纪念活动。1893年,芝加哥举办哥伦布展览会,再次举办了盛大的纪念活动。从此,每年的这一天,美国大多数州都要举行庆祝游行,教堂礼拜和学校活动以纪念这个具有历史意义的日子。
10月***日  退伍军人节(Veteran's Day)(十月的第四个星期一) 
10月份的第四个星期一是退伍军人节。这是美国全国性节日,以向历次战争的退伍军人表示敬意。 
    退伍军人节是从原11月11日的第一次世界大战停战日演变而来的。1919年一战结束后,美国人每年都要照例举行庆祝活动。但是事过境迁,到1953年,人们的庆祝热情已经明显减退。1954年6月1日,美国总统艾森豪威尔签署了一项国会法案,将停战纪念日更名为退伍军人节,将纪念的意义也扩大为向全体退伍军人表示敬意。从此每逢这一天,美国总统和各州州长都要宣布向全体美国退伍军人致敬,缅怀他们在战争期间的功绩。这一天,到处旗帜招展,退伍老兵纷纷集队游行。在华盛顿的阿林顿国家公墓无名战士墓前,人们还举行各种纪念活动,在美国人眼里,无名战士象征着所有为保卫国家而战死的军人。 
    1968年,美国国会通过了“星期日假日法”,将退伍军人节改在每年10月的第四个星期一,以使人们可以度过三天周末。这一立法从1971年开始生效,目前美国大多数州都采用这个日期纪念退伍军人节。
November
November 11th is Veteran's Day. This federal holiday honors the soldiers who fought in World War I and those who fought for the U.S. in all wars. We celebrate by displaying the American flag from our homes, having parades and decorating graves with flowers and flags.
Thanksgiving Day is the 4th Thursday in November and a federal holiday. On this day we remember how the Indians helped the Pilgrims by teaching them how to farm and hunt. On this day, we give thanks for food, our country, and our families.
11月1日  万圣节(Halloween) 
11月1日万圣节是西方的传统节日。万圣节前夜,即10月31日夜晚,是儿童们纵情玩乐的好时候。它在孩子们眼中,是一个充满神秘色彩的节日。夜幕降临,孩子们便迫不及待地穿上五颜六色的化妆服,戴上千奇百怪的面具,提上一盏“杰克灯”跑出去玩。“杰克灯”的样子十分可爱,做法是将南瓜掏空,外面刻上笑眯眯的眼睛和大嘴巴,然后在瓜中插上一支蜡烛,把它点燃,人们在很远的地方便能看到这张憨态可掬的笑脸。 
    收拾停当后,一群群装扮成妖魔鬼怪的孩子手提“杰克灯”,跑到邻居家门前,威吓般地喊着:“要恶作剧还是给款待”、“给钱还是给吃的”。如果大人不用糖果、零钱款待他们,那些调皮的孩子就说到做到:好,你不款待,我就捉弄你。他们有时把人家的门把手涂上肥皂,有时把别人的猫涂上颜色。这些小恶作剧常令大人啼笑皆非。当然,大多数人家都非常乐于款待这些天真烂漫的小客人。所以万圣节前夜的孩子们总是肚子塞得饱饱的,口袋装得满满的。 
    为了保护儿童和对他们加以引导,美国的学校和家庭常在万圣节前夜为他们组织丰富多彩的晚会和娱乐活动。孩子们自己动手布置会场,装饰环境,然后装扮成女巫或海盗等模样表演各种节目或做游戏玩。万圣节前夜最流行的游戏是“咬苹果”。游戏时,人们让苹果漂浮在装满水的盆里,然后让孩子们在不用手的条件下用嘴去咬苹果,谁先咬到,谁就是优胜者
11月***日  感恩节(Thanksgiving Day)(十一月的最后一个星期四) 
11月的第四个星期四是感恩节。感恩节是美国人民独创的一个古老节日,也是美国人合家欢聚的节日,因此美国人提起感恩节总是倍感亲切。 
    感恩节的由来要一直追溯到美国历史的发端。1620年,著名的“五月花”号船满载不堪忍受英国国内宗教迫害的清教徒102人到达美洲。1620年和1621年之交的冬天,他们遇到了难以想象的困难,处在饥寒交迫之中,冬天过去时,活下来的移民只有50来人。这时,心地善良的印第安人给移民送来了生活必需品,还特地派人教他们怎样狩猎、捕鱼和种植玉米、南瓜。在印第安人的帮助下,移民们终于获得了丰收,在欢庆丰收的日子,按照宗教传统习俗,移民规定了感谢上帝的日子,并决定为感谢印第安人的真诚帮助,邀请他们一同庆祝节日。 
    在第一个感恩节的这一天,印第安人和移民欢聚一堂,他们在黎明时鸣放礼炮,列队走进一间用作教堂的屋子,虔诚地向上帝表达谢意,然后点起篝火举行盛大宴会。第二天和第三天又举行了摔交、赛跑、唱歌、跳舞等活动。第一个感恩节非常成功。其中许多庆祝方式流传了300多年,一直保留到今天。 
    初时感恩节没有固定日期,由各州临时决定,直到美国独立后,感恩节才成为全国性的节日。 
    每逢感恩节这一天,美国举国上下热闹非常,人们按照习俗前往教堂做感恩祈祷,城乡市镇到处都有化装游行、戏剧表演或体育比赛等。劳燕分飞了一年的亲人们也会从天南海北归来,一家人团团圆圆,品尝美味的感恩节火鸡。 
    感恩节的食品富有传统特色。火鸡是感恩节的传统主菜,通常是把火鸡肚子里塞上各种调料和拌好的食品,然后整只烤出,由男主人用刀切成薄片分给大家。此外,感恩节的传统食品还有甜山芋、玉蜀黍、南瓜饼、红莓苔子果酱等。 
    感恩节宴会后,人们有时会做些传统游戏,比如南瓜赛跑是比赛者用一把小勺推着南瓜跑,规则是不能用手碰南瓜,先到终点者获胜。比赛用的勺子越小,游戏就越有意思。 
    多少年来,庆祝感恩节的习俗代代相传,无论在岩石嶙峋的西海岸还是在风光旖旎的夏威夷,人们几乎在以同样的方式欢度感恩节,感恩节是不论何种信仰、何种民族的美国人都庆祝的传统节日。
December
In December we celebrate holidays of light and hope in the dark winter. There is an eight-day Jewish holiday known as Chanukah during which candles are lit on each day. December 12th is the holiday of the Virgin of Guadalupe, who appeared to a poor Indian in Mexico among winter flowers.
December 25th is Christmas, celebrating the birth of Jesus of Nazareth. Many people decorate their houses with Christmas trees and lights and give presents to family members. Children hang stockings for Santa Claus (St. Nicholas) to fill with gifts. Christmas is a federal holiday. The African-American holiday of Kwanzaa is the last week of December. Candles are lit to represent the virtues of the African-American people.
As you can see, we have much to celebrate in the U.S. Many holidays are uniquely our own and many have been borrowed from other countries. We are a country of many cultures and many holidays! 
12月25日  圣诞节(Christmas) 
12月25日圣诞节是美国最大最热闹的节日。可以说从感恩节过后,美国人就开始为圣诞节大忙特忙起来。 
    圣诞节的许多风俗都来源于《圣经》中的传说。根据耶稣诞生在夜里这种说法,圣诞节的庆祝活动从12月24日夜间开始,午夜时分达到高潮,这一夜就被称为圣诞夜。美国人通常通宵达旦地举行庆祝或。他们有的聚在酒馆、舞厅、俱乐部中尽情欢乐;有的全家共进丰盛的晚餐,然后围坐在壁炉旁享受天伦之乐;还有那些虔诚的信徒们则在灯火通明的教堂里,参加纪念耶稣诞生的午夜礼拜。 
    圣诞夜里最有趣的活动要数“报佳音”,象征天使在伯利恒郊外向牧羊人报告基督降生的喜讯。深夜来临,教堂里的唱诗班挨家挨户地来到教徒家门前齐声唱起圣诞颂歌。于是这家人便走出来加入合唱。唱罢,主人把大家邀入屋中,以茶点招待。说笑一番后,唱诗班再到别人家去唱,主人一家也往往随同前去,“报佳音”的队伍愈来愈大,他们一家家地唱,欢乐的气氛有增无减,常常持续到天明。 
    圣诞节里最典型的装饰是圣诞树,人们会在小杉树或小松树上挂满礼物和彩灯,树顶再装一颗大星。这些装饰都是有象征意义的,树上的彩灯象征耶稣给世界带来光明,树顶的大星则代表耶稣降生后将三位东方贤士引到伯利恒的那颗星。除了圣诞树,冬青和榭寄生也是圣诞节里常见的点缀。美国人常常用冬青树枝编成花环挂在大门上,或是将几枝冬青摆放在餐桌上作为节日的装饰。还有一些家庭会在门框或天花板上悬挂一束榭寄生,按照传统习俗,圣诞节时,凡是女子站在榭寄生下面,任何人都可以去亲吻她。顽皮的男孩子常常故意把女孩子引到榭寄生下,理直气壮地吻她一下。 
    圣诞节在美国如此受人重视,人们恐怕很难想象,他们的祖先曾经禁止过圣诞节。当年英国清教徒受尽英国国教的迫害,千里迢迢来到新大陆,他们对英国国教的倒行逆施深恶痛绝,以至发展到凡是国教所实行的,他们都加以反对,对圣诞节的庆祝也因此严加禁止。他们规定,凡移民中有人胆敢庆祝圣诞节者,必须罚款。这条禁令一直到19世纪德国及爱尔兰移民大量移入美国后才逐渐解除。今天圣诞节已成为美国人民最喜爱的节日之一,这段往事也成为一件历史趣闻了。

posted @ 2012-06-01 17:53 cnbarry 阅读(1261) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏