本文的图表等摘抄自 书 Effective Software Testing: 50 Specific Ways to Improve Your Testing 的 第12 章，作为学习之用。
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估算测试量
Ideally, test estimation should always begin with either a work breakdown structure (WBS) or a detailed list of testing tasks from which a "testing WBS" can be built.
根据项目的需求和公司的组织架构将测试工作分解：
http://www.mypm.net/special/wbs/
http://baike.baidu.com/view/530736.html?wtp=tt
Development Ratio Method 开发人员比例法
Table 12.1. Test-Team Size Calculated Using the Development-Ratio Method
|
|
Product Type
|
Number of Developers
|
Ratio of Developers to Testers
|
Number of Testers
|
|
Commercial Product (Large Market)
|
30
|
3:2
|
20
|
|
Commercial Product (Small Market)
|
30
|
3:1
|
10
|
|
Development & Heavy COTS Integration for Individual Client
|
30
|
4:1
|
7
|
|
Government (Internal) Application Development
|
30
|
5:1
|
6
|
|
Corporate (Internal) Application Development
|
30
|
4:1
|
7
|
在图表中， Number of developers 的developer 包含(design-, development-, and unit-level test activities) 设计，开发，单元测试的人力。
针对项目的类型，比例不同。
在软件工程中，项目后期紧张时，研发和PM也会参与测试，因此可以保证测试人员的数量。
本方法在对于医疗，航空等需要完全没有差错的项目，不适用的。
Project Staff Ratio Method 项目人员比例法
|
Table 12.2. Test-Team Size Calculated Using the Project Staff Ratio Method
|
|
Development Type
|
Project Staffing Level
|
Test Team Size Factor
|
Number of Testers
|
|
Commercial Product (Large Market)
|
50
|
27%
|
13
|
|
Commercial Product (Small Market)
|
50
|
16%
|
8
|
|
Application Development for Individual Client
|
50
|
10%
|
5
|
|
Development & Heavy COTS Integration for Individual Client
|
50
|
14%
|
7
|
|
Government (Internal) Application Development
|
50
|
11%
|
5
|
|
Corporate (Internal) Application Development
|
50
|
14%
|
7
|
本表为经验数据。
对于开发人员经常变动或者对开发量估计不充分的团队比较有效。
Test Procedure Method 测试过程法
|
Table 12.3. Test-Team Size Calculated Using the Test-Procedure Method
|
|
|
Number of Test Procedures
|
Factor
|
Number of Person Hours
|
Performance Period
|
Number of Testers
|
|
Historical Record (Average of Two or More Similar Projects)
|
860
|
6.16
|
5,300
|
9 months (1,560 hrs)
|
3.4
|
|
New Project Estimate
|
1,120
|
6.16
|
6,900
|
12 months (2,080 hrs)
|
3.3
|
860*6.16/1560=3.4
按照组织已有的经验估算测试过程和系数。
5300怎么算出来的呢？见下：
Task Planning Method 计划任务法
|
Table 12.4. Test-Personnel Hours Calculated Using the Task-Planning Method
|
|
|
Number of Test Procedures
|
Factor
|
Test-Personnel Hours
|
|
Historical Record (Similar Project)
|
860
|
6.16
|
5,300
|
|
New Project Estimate
|
1,120
|
6.16
|
6,900
|
|
Table 12.5. Hours Expended in Each Testing Phase, Task-Planning Method
|
|
Phase
|
Historical Value
|
% of Project
|
Preliminary Estimate
|
Adjusted Estimate
|
|
1
|
Project Startup
|
140
|
2.6
|
179
|
179
|
|
2
|
Early Project Support (requirements analysis, etc.)
|
120
|
2.2
|
152
|
152
|
|
3
|
Decision to Automate Testing
|
90
|
1.7
|
117
|
-
|
|
4
|
Test Tool Selection and Evaluation
|
160
|
3
|
207
|
-
|
|
5
|
Test Tool Introduction
|
260
|
5
|
345
|
345
|
|
6
|
Test Planning
|
530
|
10
|
690
|
690
|
|
7
|
Test Design
|
540
|
10
|
690
|
690
|
|
8
|
Test Development
|
1,980
|
37
|
2,553
|
2,553
|
|
9
|
Test Execution
|
870
|
17
|
1,173
|
1,173
|
|
10
|
Test Management and Support
|
470
|
9
|
621
|
621
|
|
11
|
Test Process Improvement
|
140
|
2.5
|
173
|
-
|
|
|
PROJECT TOTAL
|
5,300
|
100%
|
6,900
|
6,403
|
因为新项目和历史项目大同小异，或者在于技术的选择上已经有定义，一些步骤就可以省略。
|
Table 12.6. Test-Team Size Based on Personnel-Hour Estimate
|
|
|
Number of Test Procedures
|
Personnel-Hour Estimate
|
Adjusted Estimate
|
Performance Period
|
Number of Testers
|
|
New Project Estimate
|
1,120
|
5.71
|
6,403
|
12 months (2,080 hrs)
|
3.1
|
根据人月估算测试人数。
posted on 2008-02-22 12:48
Becky 阅读(318)
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