这个东西之前就看过一次,看了半天才搞懂,结果今天看时又看不懂了,又折腾了好久才看清楚是咋回事。
最关键的就是(*(((struct headname *)((var)->field.tqe_prev))->tqh_last))),拆解开来就是:
1。((struct headname *)((var)->field.tqe_prev)) 这一步用于将上一个elm中的field结构中的tqe_next的地址取出来,其实也就是elm中field这个struct节点的地址(请注意到该struct中只有两个元素,而且该struct的结构与headname完全一致);
2。(@1->tqh_last) 这一步用于将上一个elm中的field中的第二个元素(即tqe_prev)的地址取出来,该地址就是上一个elm的上一个elm中的field的tqe_next的地址, 而该地址恰好指向的就是上一个elm的地址
3。(*@2) 这一步用于取出指向上一个elm的地址
呵呵,真tm够绕人的,其实在步骤1里面完全可以用elm中的field这个struct来进行强制类型转化,但是由于elm中的field这个struct是个定义在elm内部的而且没有名字的struct,因此无法显示的调用类似于(struct headname *)这样的强制类型转化,因此就只好用headname这个struct name来做这件事情了。
此外,**tqh_prev得到的其实是当前elm,*tqh_prev得到的是当前elm的指针,只有tqh_prev才能逃离当前elm的怪圈,指向上一个elm的field结构的第一个元素(也即整个field struct)的地址,紧接着从这里做文章又跳到了上一个elm的上一个elm的field struct里面,哈哈,够曲折的。
这个过程中,最精妙的莫过于那个强制类型转化了,其实本质上就是在从struct的第一个元素寻找第二个元素,其实完全可以用第一个元素的地址+4(32位系统,64位系统需要+8)就可以得到,但是这种做法可移植性太差,对于那种非pod的类型就不work了。
关于TAILQ的用法,可以man queue看到。
最后,贴上TAILQ的全貌<sys/queue.h>:
/*
* Tail queue definitions.
*/
#define _TAILQ_HEAD(name, type, qual) \
struct name { \
qual type *tqh_first; /* first element */ \
qual type *qual *tqh_last; /* addr of last next element */ \
}
#define TAILQ_HEAD(name, type) _TAILQ_HEAD(name, struct type,)
#define TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(head) \
{ NULL, &(head).tqh_first }
#define _TAILQ_ENTRY(type, qual) \
struct { \
qual type *tqe_next; /* next element */ \
qual type *qual *tqe_prev; /* address of previous next element */\
}
#define TAILQ_ENTRY(type) _TAILQ_ENTRY(struct type,)
/*
* Tail queue functions.
*/
#define TAILQ_INIT(head) do { \
(head)->tqh_first = NULL; \
(head)->tqh_last = &(head)->tqh_first; \
} while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)
#define TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(head, elm, field) do { \
if (((elm)->field.tqe_next = (head)->tqh_first) != NULL) \
(head)->tqh_first->field.tqe_prev = \
&(elm)->field.tqe_next; \
else \
(head)->tqh_last = &(elm)->field.tqe_next; \
(head)->tqh_first = (elm); \
(elm)->field.tqe_prev = &(head)->tqh_first; \
} while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)
#define TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(head, elm, field) do { \
(elm)->field.tqe_next = NULL; \
(elm)->field.tqe_prev = (head)->tqh_last; \
*(head)->tqh_last = (elm); \
(head)->tqh_last = &(elm)->field.tqe_next; \
} while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)
#define TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER(head, listelm, elm, field) do { \
if (((elm)->field.tqe_next = (listelm)->field.tqe_next) != NULL)\
(elm)->field.tqe_next->field.tqe_prev = \
&(elm)->field.tqe_next; \
else \
(head)->tqh_last = &(elm)->field.tqe_next; \
(listelm)->field.tqe_next = (elm); \
(elm)->field.tqe_prev = &(listelm)->field.tqe_next; \
} while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)
#define TAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(listelm, elm, field) do { \
(elm)->field.tqe_prev = (listelm)->field.tqe_prev; \
(elm)->field.tqe_next = (listelm); \
*(listelm)->field.tqe_prev = (elm); \
(listelm)->field.tqe_prev = &(elm)->field.tqe_next; \
} while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)
#define TAILQ_REMOVE(head, elm, field) do { \
if (((elm)->field.tqe_next) != NULL) \
(elm)->field.tqe_next->field.tqe_prev = \
(elm)->field.tqe_prev; \
else \
(head)->tqh_last = (elm)->field.tqe_prev; \
*(elm)->field.tqe_prev = (elm)->field.tqe_next; \
} while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)
#define TAILQ_FOREACH(var, head, field) \
for ((var) = ((head)->tqh_first); \
(var); \
(var) = ((var)->field.tqe_next))
#define TAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(var, head, headname, field) \
for ((var) = (*(((struct headname *)((head)->tqh_last))->tqh_last)); \
(var); \
(var) = (*(((struct headname *)((var)->field.tqe_prev))->tqh_last)))
/*
* Tail queue access methods.
*/
#define TAILQ_EMPTY(head) ((head)->tqh_first == NULL)
#define TAILQ_FIRST(head) ((head)->tqh_first)
#define TAILQ_NEXT(elm, field) ((elm)->field.tqe_next)
#define TAILQ_LAST(head, headname) \
(*(((struct headname *)((head)->tqh_last))->tqh_last))
#define TAILQ_PREV(elm, headname, field) \
(*(((struct headname *)((elm)->field.tqe_prev))->tqh_last))