转自小小冰 http://blog.csdn.net/kellerdu/archive/2004/11/08/172247.aspx
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示例：
在某一公司中，部门员工要休假的话需要部门主管的批准。如果休假天数大于10天的话，在部门主管的同意后，还必须上级主管批准。如果是部门主管要休假只要上级主管批准即可。在休假被批准之前，申请人可以撤销休假申请。
每
个员工还有多少天休假必须管理起来，在员工提交休假申请时要检查申请天数是否超过可用天数。申请批准后，要在可用天数里减去申请天数。每次休假申请结束之
后，不管通过未通过或是否取消，都必须记录下来。主管在批复申请之后，系统要将批复结果Email给申请人。对于大于10天的申请，如果部门主管已批准同
意而上级主管还未批准，这时申请人撤销申请后，系统应发Email通知部门主管申请已撤销。
processdefinition.xml如下：
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2 <!-- edited with XMLSPY v2004 rel. 3 U (http://www.xmlspy.com) by keller (zju) -->
3 <!DOCTYPE process-definition PUBLIC
4 "-//jBpm/jBpm Mapping DTD 2.0//EN"
5 "http://jbpm.org/dtd/processdefinition-2.0.dtd">
6 <process-definition name="RequestLeave">
7 <swimlane name="requester">
8 <description>申请者</description>
9 </swimlane>
10 <swimlane name="chief">
11 <description>部门主管</description>
12 <delegation class="kellerdu.jbpm.delegation.ChiefSwimlane"/>
13 </swimlane>
14 <swimlane name="boss">
15 <description>上级主管</description>
16 <delegation class="kellerdu.jbpm.delegation.BossSwimlane"/>
17 </swimlane>
18 <start-state name="request" swimlane="requester">
19 <transition to="BeginRequest"/>
20 </start-state>
21 <fork name="BeginRequest">
22 <transition to="RequesterCancel"/>
23 <transition to="IsChief"/>
24 </fork>
25 <decision name="IsChief">
26 <delegation class="kellerdu.jbpm.delegation.ChiefDecision"/>
27 <transition name="BossApprove" to="BossApprove"/>
28 <transition name="ChiefApprove" to="ChiefApprove"/>
29 </decision>
30 <state name="RequesterCancel">
31 <assignment swimlane="requester"/>
32 <transition name="cancel" to="Decided">
33 <action>
34 <!-- 将请假的状态改变为“取消”-->
35 <delegation class="kellerdu.jbpm.action.RequestCancel"/>
36 </action>
37 </transition>
38 </state>
39 <state name="ChiefApprove">
40 <assignment swimlane="chief"/>
41 <transition name="approve" to="NeedBossApprove">
42 <action>
43 <!-- 将请假的状态改变为“主管批准”-->
44 <delegation class="kellerdu.jbpm.action.ChiefApprove"/>
45 </action>
46 </transition>
47 <transition name="disapprove" to="Decided">
48 <action>
49 <!-- 将请假的状态改变为“主管否决”-->
50 <delegation class="kellerdu.jbpm.action.ChiefDisapprove"/>
51 </action>
52 </transition>
53 </state>
54 <state name="BossApprove">
55 <assignment swimlane="boss"/>
56 <transition name="approve" to="Decided">
57 <action>
58 <!-- 将请假的状态改变为“老板批准”-->
59 <delegation class="kellerdu.jbpm.action.BossApprove"/>
60 </action>
61 </transition>
62 <transition name="disapprove" to="Decided">
63 <action>
64 <!-- 将请假的状态改变为“老板否决”-->
65 <delegation class="kellerdu.jbpm.action.BossDisapprove"/>
66 </action>
67 </transition>
68 </state>
69 <decision name="NeedBossApprove">
70 <!-- 请假天数大于10天的要老板批准 -->
71 <delegation class="kellerdu.jbpm.delegation.NeedBossApproveDecision"/>
72 <transition name="need" to="BossApprove"/>
73 <transition name="notNeed" to="Decided"/>
74 </decision>
75 <join name="Decided">
76 <description>有一个先到达即进行父Token</description>
77 <delegation class="kellerdu.jbpm.delegation.DecidedJoin"/>
78 <transition to="DoSomething"/>
79 </join>
80 <decision name="DoSomething">
81 <description>
82 根据请求的状态决定。
83 （1）“主管或者老板批准”－‘approve’：修改员工休假的总天数，设定发给用户E-Mail的信息。
84 （2）“主管或者老板否决”-“disapprove”：设定发给用户E－Mail的信息。
85 （3）“撤销”-"cancel"－设定发给用户E－Mail的信息。如果主管批准，要发给主管消息说明已经撤销。
86 </description>
87 <delegation class="kellerdu.jbpm.delegation.DoSomethingDecision"/>
88 <transition name="disapprove" to="Finished">
89 <action>
90 <delegation class="kellerdu.jbpm.action.Disapprove"/>
91 </action>
92 </transition>
93 <transition name="approve" to="Finished">
94 <action>
95 <delegation class="kellerdu.jbpm.action.Approve"/>
96 </action>
97 </transition>
98 <transition name="cancel" to="Finished">
99 <action>
100 <delegation class="kellerdu.jbpm.action.Cancel"/>
101 </action>
102 </transition>
103 </decision>
104 <end-state name="Finished"/>
105 <action event-type="process-end">
106 <!-- 发送E－Mail消息给申请者，记录请假日志 -->
107 <delegation class="kellerdu.jbpm.action.ProcessEndAction"/>
108 </action>
109 </process-definition>
Action指明的是当前状态要执行的一些额外的操作，如记录log、发邮件等。
（1）Swimline的delegation要做的就是判别当前Actor的身份。
1 package kellerdu.jbpm.delegation;
2
3 import org.jbpm.delegation.*;
4 import kellerdu.jbpm.LogsFactory;
5 import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
6
7 public class BossSwimlane implements AssignmentHandler {
8 public BossSwimlane() {
9 }
10
11 /**
12 * 当前的状态有哪个actor来具体负责处理，选择是老板的actor来处理。
13 *
14 * 如果王林是老板，那么他请假可以用他的名称来开始一个请假流程，当他检查他需要批示的
15 * 请假时，使用actorId=boss来找出所有的批示。这时selectActor返回的值就是一个常量“boss”
16 *
17 *
18 * @param assignmentContext AssignmentContext
19 * @return String
20 * @todo Implement this org.jbpm.delegation.AssignmentHandler method
21 */
22 public String selectActor(AssignmentContext assignmentContext) {
23 Log log = LogsFactory.getLogInstance(this.getClass());
24 log.info("任务分配给老板");
25 return "boss";
26 }
27 }
28
1 package kellerdu.jbpm.delegation;
2
3 import org.jbpm.delegation.*;
4 import kellerdu.jbpm.LogsFactory;
5 import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
6
7 public class ChiefSwimlane implements AssignmentHandler {
8 public ChiefSwimlane() {
9 }
10 /**
11 * selectActor
12 * @see BossSwimlane
13 *
14 * @param assignmentContext AssignmentContext
15 * @return String
16 * @todo Implement this org.jbpm.delegation.AssignmentHandler method
17 */
18 public String selectActor(AssignmentContext assignmentContext) {
19 Log log = LogsFactory.getLogInstance(this.getClass());
20 log.info("任务分配给上级主管");
21 return "chief";
22 }
23 }
（二）Decision
1 package kellerdu.jbpm.delegation;
2
3 import org.jbpm.delegation.*;
4 import kellerdu.jbpm.LogsFactory;
5 import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
6 import kellerdu.jbpm.Constants;
7
8 public class ChiefDecision implements DecisionHandler {
9 public ChiefDecision() {
10 }
11
12 /**
13 * 判断是否需要主管批准，决定下一个要进行的transition
14 *
15 * @param executionContext ExecutionContext
16 * @return String
17 * @todo Implement this org.jbpm.delegation.DecisionHandler method
18 */
19 public String decide(ExecutionContext executionContext) {
20 Log log=LogsFactory.getLogInstance(this.getClass());
21 String ac=(String)executionContext.getVariable(Constants.USER_NAME);
22 if(ac!=null&&(ac.equals("dali")||ac.equals("wang"))){
23 log.info(ac+"需要老板批准！");
24 return "BossApprove";
25 }else{
26 log.info(ac+"需要先经主管批准");
27 return "ChiefApprove";
28 }
29 }
30 }
（三）fork
1 package kellerdu.jbpm.delegation;
2
3 import org.jbpm.*;
4 import org.jbpm.delegation.*;
5 import org.jbpm.model.execution.*;
6 import java.util.*;
7
8 public class DecidedJoin implements JoinHandler {
9 public DecidedJoin() {
10 }
11
12 /**
13 * fork，只要一个分支到达，即可进行下一步操作，同时取消其它同时进行的分支。
14 * 这里就是用户如果取消，请假就取消。如果用户请假批准，则用户不能取消。
15 *
16 * @param forkContext ForkContext
17 * @throws ExecutionException
18 * @todo Implement this org.jbpm.delegation.ForkHandler method
19 */
20 public void join(JoinContext joinContext) throws ExecutionException {
21 Iterator it=joinContext.getConcurrentTokens().values().iterator();
22 Token arrivingToken = joinContext.getToken();
23 while(it.hasNext()){
24 Token to=(Token)it.next();
25 if(to.getId().equals(arrivingToken.getId())){
26 //取消其它执行的Token
27 joinContext.getExecutionService().cancelToken(to.getId());
28 }
29 }
30 // reactivate the parent token.
31 joinContext.reactivateToken( arrivingToken.getParent() );
32 }
33 }
（一） 开始一个请假流程
1 //user是请假人的actorId
2 ExecutionService es=JbpmServiceFactory.getInstance().openExecutionService(user);
3 HashMap vs=new HashMap();
4 //一些参数
5 vs.put(Constants.REQUEST_STATUS,String.valueOf(0));
6 vs.put(Constants.REQUEST_RETURN_INFO,"No info!");
7 vs.put(Constants.USER_NAME,EncodeTransfer.toISO(user));
8 vs.put(Constants.REQUEST_DAYS,String.valueOf(rea.getDays()));
9 try {
10 //开启请假流程
11 es.startProcessInstance(Constants.WORK_NAME, vs);
12 log.info("["+user+"]"+"申请假期开始！请假"+rea.getDays()+"天！");
13 return am.findForward("main");
14 } catch (ExecutionException ex) {
15 ex.printStackTrace();
16 log.error("请假进程无法开始！");
17 return am.findForward("error");
18 }finally{
19 es.close();
20 }
（二）当前执行任务
对于部门经理或者老板，找到要处理的请假。 1 String actorId = (String) req.getSession().getAttribute(Constants.USER);
2 if(actorId.equals("wang")){
3 actorId="boss";
4 }else if(actorId.equals("bigli")){
5 actorId="chief";
6 }
7 // get the execution service
8 ExecutionService executionService = JbpmServiceFactory.getInstance().
9 openExecutionService(actorId);
10
11 // get the tasklist from jbpm for user
12 List tasks = new ArrayList();
13 // add the jbpm tasks
14 tasks.addAll(executionService.getTaskList(actorId));
15 // put the tasklist into the form
16 mf.setTasks(tasks);
17 // get the tasklist from jbpm for user
18 List definitions = new ArrayList();
19 // add the jbpm definitions
20 definitions.addAll(executionService.getLatestDefinitions());
21 // put the tasklist into the form
22 mf.setRequests(definitions);
23 // close the execution service
24 executionService.close();
25 req.getSession().setAttribute("mainForm",mf);
26 log.debug("任务: " + tasks);
27 log.debug("当前可以执行的请求: " + definitions);
28
（三）处理请假
1 String actorId = (String) reqrest.getSession().getAttribute(Constants.
2 USER);
3 Long tokenId=new Long(req.getParameter("tokenId"));
4 // get the execution service
5 ExecutionService executionService = JbpmServiceFactory.getInstance().
6 openExecutionService(actorId);
7 Map hm=executionService.getVariables(tokenId);//变量
8 String act=req.getParameter("action");//进行转换的transition
9 executionService.endOfState(tokenId,hm,act);
10 executionService.close();