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Ruby: Step by Step Study

Keywords and Identifiers

The keywords (or reserved words) in Ruby typically cannot be used for other purposes. These are as follows:

BEGIN END alias and begin
break case class def defined
do else elsif end ensure
false for if in module
next nil not or redo
rescue retry return self super
then true undef unless until
when while yield    

Variables and other identifiers normally start with an alphabetic letter or a special modifier. The basic rules are as follows:

  • Local variables (and pseudo-variables such as self and nil) begin with a lowercase letter.

  • Global variables begin with a dollar sign ($).

  • Instance variables (within an object) begin with an "at" sign (@).

  • Class variables (within a class) begin with two "at" signs (@@).

  • Constants begin with capital letters.

For purposes of forming identifiers, the underscore (_) may be used as a lowercase letter. Special variables starting with a dollar sign (such as $1 and $/) are not dealt with here.

The following list provides some examples:

  • Local variables: alpha, _ident, some_var

  • Pseudo-variables: self, nil, __FILE__

  • Constants: K6chip, Length, LENGTH

  • Instance variables: @foobar, @thx1138, @NOT_CONST

  • Class variable: @@phydeaux, @@my_var, @@NOT_CONST

  • Global variables: $beta, $B12vitamin, $NOT_CONST




 

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posted on 2007-12-11 15:15 wǒ愛伱--咾婆 阅读(243) 评论(0)  编辑  收藏 所属分类: Ruby Study


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