上面的代码从aLocal对象复制属性到aValue对象。它相当简单！它不管local（或对应的value）对象有多少个属性，只管进行复制。我们假设local对象有100个属性。上面的代码使我们可以无需键入至少100行的冗长、容易出错和反复的get和set方法调用。这太棒了！太强大了！太有用了！
现在，还有一个坏消息：使用BeanUtils的成本惊人地昂贵！我做了一个简单的测试，BeanUtils所花费的时间要超过取数据、将其复制到对应的value对象（通过手动调用get和set方法），以及通过串行化将其返回到远程的客户机的时间总和。所以要小心使用这种威力！
Beanutils用了魔术般的反射技术，实现了很多夸张有用的功能，都是C/C++时代不敢想的。无论谁的项目，始终一天都会用得上它。我算是后知后觉了，第一回看到它的时候居然错过。
其中BeanUtils会使用ConvertUtils类把字符串转为Bean属性的真正类型，方便从HttpServletRequest等对象中提取bean，或者把bean输出到页面。
六、ConstructorUtils补遗
创建对象还有一个方法：invokeExactConstructor，该方法对参数要求
更加严格，传递进去的参数必须严格符合构造方法的参数列表。
例如：
Object[] args={new Integer(1), "Jan"};
Class[] argsType={int.class, String.class};
Object obj;
//下面这句调用将不会成功，因为args[0]的类型为Integer，而不是int
//obj = ConstructorUtils.invokeExactConstructor(Month.class, args);
//这一句就可以，因为argsType指定了类型。
obj = ConstructorUtils.invokeExactConstructor(Month.class, args, argsType);
Month month=(Month)obj;
System.out.println(BeanUtils.getProperty(month,"value"));
七、MethodUtils
与ConstructorUtils类似，不过调用的时候，通常需要再指定一个method name的参数。
八、DynaClass/DynaBean
这似乎是BeanUtils中最有趣的部分之一了，很简单，简单到光看这两个接口中的方法会不明白
为什么要设计这两个接口。不过看到ResultSetDynaClass后，就明白了。下面是java doc中的代码：
ResultSet rs = ...;
ResultSetDynaClass rsdc = new ResultSetDynaClass(rs);
Iterator rows = rsdc.iterator();
while (rows.hasNext()) {
DynaBean row = (DynaBean) rows.next();
... process this row ...
}
rs.close();
原来这是一个ResultSet的包装器，ResultSetDynaClass实现了DynaClass，它的iterator方法返回一个
ResultSetIterator，则是实现了DynaBean接口。
在获得一个DynaBean之后，我们就可以用
DynaBean row = (DynaBean) rows.next();
System.out.println(row.get("field1")); //field1是其中一个字段的名字
再看另一个类RowSetDynaClass的用法，代码如下：
String driver="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost/2hu?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=GBK";
String username="root";
String password="";
java.sql.Connection con=null;
PreparedStatement ps=null;
ResultSet rs=null;
try {
Class.forName(driver).newInstance();
con = DriverManager.getConnection(url);
ps=con.prepareStatement("select * from forumlist");
rs=ps.executeQuery();
//先打印一下，用于检验后面的结果。
while(rs.next()){
System.out.println(rs.getString("name"));
}
rs.beforeFirst();//这里必须用beforeFirst，因为RowSetDynaClass只从当前位置向前滚动
RowSetDynaClass rsdc = new RowSetDynaClass(rs);
rs.close();
ps.close();
List rows = rsdc.getRows();//返回一个标准的List，存放的是DynaBean
for (int i = 0; i <rows.size(); i++) {
DynaBean b=(DynaBean)rows.get(i);
System.out.println(b.get("name"));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
finally{
try {
con.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
}
}
是不是很有趣？封装了ResultSet的数据，代价是占用内存。如果一个表有10万条记录，rsdc.getRows()
就会返回10万个记录。@_@
需要注意的是ResultSetDynaClass和RowSetDynaClass的不同之处：
1，ResultSetDynaClass是基于Iterator的，一次只返回一条记录，而RowSetDynaClass是基于
List的，一次性返回全部记录。直接影响是在数据比较多时ResultSetDynaClass会比较的快速，
而RowSetDynaClass需要将ResultSet中的全部数据都读出来（并存储在其内部），会占用过多的
内存，并且速度也会比较慢。
2，ResultSetDynaClass一次只处理一条记录，在处理完成之前，ResultSet不可以关闭。
3，ResultSetIterator的next()方法返回的DynaBean其实是指向其内部的一个固定
对象，在每次next()之后，内部的值都会被改变。这样做的目的是节约内存，如果你需要保存每
次生成的DynaBean，就需要创建另一个DynaBean，并将数据复制过去，下面也是java doc中的代码：
ArrayList results = new ArrayList(); // To hold copied list
ResultSetDynaClass rsdc = ...;
DynaProperty properties[] = rsdc.getDynaProperties();
BasicDynaClass bdc =
new BasicDynaClass("foo", BasicDynaBean.class,
rsdc.getDynaProperties());
Iterator rows = rsdc.iterator();
while (rows.hasNext()) {
DynaBean oldRow = (DynaBean) rows.next();
DynaBean newRow = bdc.newInstance();
PropertyUtils.copyProperties(newRow, oldRow);
results.add(newRow);
}
事实上DynaClass/DynaBean可以用于很多地方，存储各种类型的数据。自己想吧。嘿嘿。
九、自定义的CustomRowSetDynaClass
两年前写过一个与RowSetDynaClass目标相同的类，不过多一个功能，就是分页，只取需要的数据，
这样内存占用就会减少。
先看一段代码：
String driver="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost/2hu?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=GBK";
String username="root";
String password="";
java.sql.Connection con=null;
PreparedStatement ps=null;
ResultSet rs=null;
try {
Class.forName(driver).newInstance();
con = DriverManager.getConnection(url);
ps=con.prepareStatement("select * from forumlist order by name");
rs=ps.executeQuery();
/*
while(rs.next()){
System.out.println(rs.getString("name"));
}
rs.beforeFirst();
*/
//第二个参数表示第几页，第三个参数表示页的大小
CustomRowSetDynaClass rsdc = new CustomRowSetDynaClass(rs, 2, 5);
//RowSetDynaClass rsdc = new RowSetDynaClass(rs);
rs.close();
ps.close();
List rows = rsdc.getRows();
for (int i = 0; i <rows.size(); i++) {
DynaBean b=(DynaBean)rows.get(i);
System.out.println(b.get("name"));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
finally{
try {
con.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
}
}
在这里用到了一个CustomRowSetDynaClass类，构造方法中增加了page和pageSize两个参数，
这样，不管数据库里有多少条记录，最多只取pageSize条记录，若pageSize==-1，则功能和
RowSetDynaClass一样。这在大多数情况下是适用的。该类的代码如下：
package test.jakarta.commons.beanutils;
import java.io.*;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.*;
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.*;
/**
* @author SonyMusic
*
* To change this generated comment edit the template variable "typecomment":
* Window>Preferences>Java>Templates.
* To enable and disable the creation of type comments go to
* Window>Preferences>Java>Code Generation.
*/
public class CustomRowSetDynaClass implements DynaClass, Serializable {
// ----------------------------------------------------------- Constructors
/**
* <p>Construct a new {@link RowSetDynaClass} for the specified
* <code>ResultSet</code>. The property names corresponding
* to column names in the result set will be lower cased.</p>
*
* @param resultSet The result set to be wrapped
*
* @exception NullPointerException if <code>resultSet</code>
* is <code>null</code>
* @exception SQLException if the metadata for this result set
* cannot be introspected
*/
public CustomRowSetDynaClass(ResultSet resultSet) throws SQLException {
this(resultSet, true);
}
/**
* <p>Construct a new {@link RowSetDynaClass} for the specified
* <code>ResultSet</code>. The property names corresponding
* to the column names in the result set will be lower cased or not,
* depending on the specified <code>lowerCase</code> value.</p>
*
* <p><strong>WARNING</strong> - If you specify <code>false</code>
* for <code>lowerCase</code>, the returned property names will
* exactly match the column names returned by your JDBC driver.
* Because different drivers might return column names in different
* cases, the property names seen by your application will vary
* depending on which JDBC driver you are using.</p>
*
* @param resultSet The result set to be wrapped
* @param lowerCase Should property names be lower cased?
*
* @exception NullPointerException if <code>resultSet</code>
* is <code>null</code>
* @exception SQLException if the metadata for this result set
* cannot be introspected
*/
public CustomRowSetDynaClass(ResultSet resultSet, boolean lowerCase)
throws SQLException {
this(resultSet, 1, -1, lowerCase);
}
public CustomRowSetDynaClass(
ResultSet resultSet,
int page,
int pageSize,
boolean lowerCase)
throws SQLException {
if (resultSet == null) {
throw new NullPointerException();
}
this.lowerCase = lowerCase;
this.page = page;
this.pageSize = pageSize;
introspect(resultSet);
copy(resultSet);
}
public CustomRowSetDynaClass(ResultSet resultSet, int page, int pageSize)
throws SQLException {
this(resultSet, page, pageSize, true);
}
// ----------------------------------------------------- Instance Variables
/**
* <p>Flag defining whether column names should be lower cased when
* converted to property names.</p>
*/
protected boolean lowerCase = true;
protected int page = 1;
protected int pageSize = -1;
/**
* <p>The set of dynamic properties that are part of this
* {@link DynaClass}.</p>
*/
protected DynaProperty properties[] = null;
/**
* <p>The set of dynamic properties that are part of this
* {@link DynaClass}, keyed by the property name. Individual descriptor
* instances will be the same instances as those in the
* <code>properties</code> list.</p>
*/
protected Map propertiesMap = new HashMap();
/**
* <p>The list of {@link DynaBean}s representing the contents of
* the original <code>ResultSet</code> on which this
* {@link RowSetDynaClass} was based.</p>
*/
protected List rows = new ArrayList();
// ------------------------------------------------------ DynaClass Methods
/**
* <p>Return the name of this DynaClass (analogous to the
* <code>getName()</code> method of <code>java.lang.Class</code), which
* allows the same <code>DynaClass</code> implementation class to support
* different dynamic classes, with different sets of properties.</p>
*/
public String getName() {
return (this.getClass().getName());
}
/**
* <p>Return a property descriptor for the specified property, if it
* exists; otherwise, return <code>null</code>.</p>
*
* @param name Name of the dynamic property for which a descriptor
* is requested
*
* @exception IllegalArgumentException if no property name is specified
*/
public DynaProperty getDynaProperty(String name) {
if (name == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("No property name specified");
}
return ((DynaProperty) propertiesMap.get(name));
}
/**
* <p>Return an array of <code>ProperyDescriptors</code> for the properties
* currently defined in this DynaClass. If no properties are defined, a
* zero-length array will be returned.</p>
*/
public DynaProperty[] getDynaProperties() {
return (properties);
}
/**
* <p>Instantiate and return a new DynaBean instance, associated
* with this DynaClass. <strong>NOTE</strong> - This operation is not
* supported, and throws an exception.</p>
*
* @exception IllegalAccessException if the Class or the appropriate
* constructor is not accessible
* @exception InstantiationException if this Class represents an abstract
* class, an array class, a primitive type, or void; or if instantiation
* fails for some other reason
*/
public DynaBean newInstance()
throws IllegalAccessException, InstantiationException {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("newInstance() not supported");
}
// --------------------------------------------------------- Public Methods
/**
* <p>Return a <code>List</code> containing the {@link DynaBean}s that
* represent the contents of each <code>Row</code> from the
* <code>ResultSet</code> that was the basis of this
* {@link RowSetDynaClass} instance. These {@link DynaBean}s are
* disconnected from the database itself, so there is no problem with
* modifying the contents of the list, or the values of the properties
* of these {@link DynaBean}s. However, it is the application's
* responsibility to persist any such changes back to the database,
* if it so desires.</p>
*/
public List getRows() {
return (this.rows);
}
// ------------------------------------------------------ Protected Methods
/**
* <p>Copy the column values for each row in the specified
* <code>ResultSet</code> into a newly created {@link DynaBean}, and add
* this bean to the list of {@link DynaBean}s that will later by
* returned by a call to <code>getRows()</code>.</p>
*
* @param resultSet The <code>ResultSet</code> whose data is to be
* copied
*
* @exception SQLException if an error is encountered copying the data
*/
protected void copy(ResultSet resultSet) throws SQLException {
int abs = 0;
int rowsCount = 0;
int currentPageRows = 0;
resultSet.last();
rowsCount = resultSet.getRow();
if (pageSize != -1) {
int totalPages = (int) Math.ceil(((double) rowsCount) / pageSize);
if (page > totalPages)
page = totalPages;
if (page < 1)
page = 1;
abs = (page - 1) * pageSize;
//currentPageRows=(page==totalPages?rowsCount-pageSize*(totalPages-1):pageSize);
} else
pageSize = rowsCount;
if (abs == 0)
resultSet.beforeFirst();
else
resultSet.absolute(abs);
//int
while (resultSet.next() && ++currentPageRows <= pageSize) {
DynaBean bean = new BasicDynaBean(this);
for (int i = 0; i < properties.length; i++) {
String name = properties[i].getName();
bean.set(name, resultSet.getObject(name));
}
rows.add(bean);
}
}
/**
* <p>Introspect the metadata associated with our result set, and populate
* the <code>properties</code> and <code>propertiesMap</code> instance
* variables.</p>
*
* @param resultSet The <code>resultSet</code> whose metadata is to
* be introspected
*
* @exception SQLException if an error is encountered processing the
* result set metadata
*/
protected void introspect(ResultSet resultSet) throws SQLException {
// Accumulate an ordered list of DynaProperties
ArrayList list = new ArrayList();
ResultSetMetaData metadata = resultSet.getMetaData();
int n = metadata.getColumnCount();
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { // JDBC is one-relative!
DynaProperty dynaProperty = createDynaProperty(metadata, i);
if (dynaProperty != null) {
list.add(dynaProperty);
}
}
// Convert this list into the internal data structures we need
properties =
(DynaProperty[]) list.toArray(new DynaProperty[list.size()]);
for (int i = 0; i < properties.length; i++) {
propertiesMap.put(properties[i].getName(), properties[i]);
}
}
/**
* <p>Factory method to create a new DynaProperty for the given index
* into the result set metadata.</p>
*
* @param metadata is the result set metadata
* @param i is the column index in the metadata
* @return the newly created DynaProperty instance
*/
protected DynaProperty createDynaProperty(
ResultSetMetaData metadata,
int i)
throws SQLException {
String name = null;
if (lowerCase) {
name = metadata.getColumnName(i).toLowerCase();
} else {
name = metadata.getColumnName(i);
}
String className = null;
try {
className = metadata.getColumnClassName(i);
} catch (SQLException e) {
// this is a patch for HsqlDb to ignore exceptions
// thrown by its metadata implementation
}
// Default to Object type if no class name could be retrieved
// from the metadata
Class clazz = Object.class;
if (className != null) {
clazz = loadClass(className);
}
return new DynaProperty(name, clazz);
}
/**
* <p>Loads and returns the <code>Class</code> of the given name.
* By default, a load from the thread context class loader is attempted.
* If there is no such class loader, the class loader used to load this
* class will be utilized.</p>
*
* @exception SQLException if an exception was thrown trying to load
* the specified class
*/
protected Class loadClass(String className) throws SQLException {
try {
ClassLoader cl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
if (cl == null) {
cl = this.getClass().getClassLoader();
}
return (cl.loadClass(className));
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new SQLException(
"Cannot load column class '" + className + "': " + e);
}
}
}
大部分代码从BeanUtils的源码中取得，只做了简单的修改，没有加多余的注释。如果要正式使用，
需要再做精加工。