n What is Ant?
Ø Apache Ant is a Java-based build tool for java.
n Installing Ant
Ø Set path environment first:(JAVA_HOME)
Ø Download Binary Edition: http://ant.apache.org/builds/ant/
n Using Ant
Ø Configuration file:build.xml
Ø The build.xml contains main elements:
• project
• targets
• tasks and properties
Ø build.xml simple:
• <project name="Money" default="all" basedir=".">
• <property name="src" value="src"/>
• <property name="build" value="bin"/>
• <property name="lib" value="lib"/>
• <path id="1">
• <pathelement location="${lib}/junit.jar"/>
• </path>
• <target name="init">
• <mkdir dir="${build}"/>
• </target>
• <target name="compile" depends="init">
• <javac srcdir="${src}" destdir="${build}">
• <classpath refid="1"/>
• </javac>
• </target>
• <target name="all" depends="compile" />
• </project>
Ø Project
• A project defines the name of project that you will build.
• It have three attributes:
n name,default,basedir
Ø Targets
• A target is a collection of tasks
• A target can depend on other targets
• A target includes mainly attributes:
n name
n depends
Ø Tasks
• A target can have a set of tasks(相当于函数)
• Format :<name attribute1="value1" attribute2="value2" ... />
• Ant task:
n built-in tasks(http://ant.apache.org/manual/CoreTasks/)
n optional tasks(http://ant.apache.org/manual/OptionalTasks/)
Ø Properties（相当于函数的参数）
• A project can have a set of properties, a property has a name and a value, the name is case-sensitive. Properties may be used in the value of task attributes. This is done by placing the property name between "${" and "}" in the attribute value.
Ø Path-like Structures
• ClassPath can includes :
n pathelement:path,location
n Filesets(FileSets are groups of files)
n <classpath>
n <pathelement path=< " .;${lib}/junit.jar"/>
n Or <pathelement location=< " ." />
n <pathelement location=< " ${lib}/junit.jar" />
n Or <pathelement location=< " ." />
n <fileset dir= " ${lib}" >
n <inlcude name= "**/*.jar " >
n </fileset >
n </classpath>
• Path id structure（see before buildfile）
Ø Condition Targets
• Target’s properties: if,unless
• Example:
• <target name="init" if="make">
• <mkdir dir="${build}"/>
• </target>
• <target name="init" unless="make">
• <mkdir dir="${build}"/>
• </target>
• Execute at Command line: ant –buildfile build.xml –Dmake=true
Ø Hierarchy build
• A project build.xml include subproject’s buildfile.
• <ant antfile=“/buildif.xml”>
• <property name=“make” value=“true”>
• </ant>
n Execute ant:
Ø Command line enter:ant
Ø Or:ant –buildfile [path]build.xml
Ø Or:ant [-find]