命令 作用
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sudo apt-cache search package 搜索包
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sudo apt-cache show package 获取包的相关信息，如说明、大小、版本等
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sudo apt-get install package 安装包
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sudo apt-get install package - - reinstall 重新安装包
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sudo apt-get remove package 删除包
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sudo apt-get remove package - - purge 删除包，包括删除配置文件等
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sudo apt-get update 更新源
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sudo apt-get dist-upgrade 升级系统
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sudo apt-get -f install 强制安装
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sudo apt-cache depends package 了解使用依赖
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sudo apt-cache rdepends package 了解某个具体的依赖
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sudo apt-get build-dep package 安装相关的编译环境
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