﻿<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:trackback="http://madskills.com/public/xml/rss/module/trackback/" xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/" xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/"><channel><title>BlogJava-X-Spirit-随笔分类-Linux</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/category/43173.html</link><description>Always Beyond the Time</description><language>zh-cn</language><lastBuildDate>Wed, 01 Jul 2015 05:45:49 GMT</lastBuildDate><pubDate>Wed, 01 Jul 2015 05:45:49 GMT</pubDate><ttl>60</ttl><item><title>【Efficiency】快速配置ubuntu桌面环境之Java环境配置[全软件源安装]</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/archive/2014/01/11/409716.html</link><dc:creator>X-Spirit</dc:creator><author>X-Spirit</author><pubDate>Sat, 11 Jan 2014 03:42:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/archive/2014/01/11/409716.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/comments/409716.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/archive/2014/01/11/409716.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/comments/commentRss/409716.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/services/trackbacks/409716.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<br />
<div>0.  安装一系列支持工具<br />
<br />
网络工具wget、curl、axel等<br />
<div><strong>代码:</strong></div>
<div>
<div style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-size: 13px; border-left-color: #cccccc; padding: 4px 5px 4px 4px; width: 98%; word-break: break-all;"><!--<br />
<br />
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br />
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br />
<br />
--><span style="color: #000000; ">sudo&nbsp;apt</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">get&nbsp;install&nbsp;wget&nbsp;curl&nbsp;axel</span></div>
</div>
<br />
其他常见工具<br />
<div><strong>代码:</strong></div>
<div>
<div style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-size: 13px; border-left-color: #cccccc; padding: 4px 5px 4px 4px; width: 98%; word-break: break-all;"><!--<br />
<br />
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br />
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br />
<br />
--><span style="color: #000000; ">sudo&nbsp;apt</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">get&nbsp;install&nbsp;subversion&nbsp;git&nbsp;sysstat&nbsp;linux</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">base&nbsp;linux</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">tools-generic build-essential vim&nbsp;emacs&nbsp;unrar&nbsp;p7zip&nbsp;synaptic</span></div>
</div>
<br />
安装常用数据库和NoSQL<br />
<div><strong>代码:</strong></div>
<div>
<div style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-size: 13px; border-left-color: #cccccc; padding: 4px 5px 4px 4px; width: 98%; word-break: break-all;"><!--<br />
<br />
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br />
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br />
<br />
--><span style="color: #000000; ">sudo&nbsp;apt</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">get&nbsp;install&nbsp;mysql</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">client&nbsp;mysql</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">server&nbsp;mysql</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">workbench&nbsp;memcached&nbsp;redis</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">server</span></div>
</div>
<br />
<br />
1.  首先添加webupd8的java源：<br />
<br />
<div><strong>代码:</strong></div>
<div>
<div style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-size: 13px; border-left-color: #cccccc; padding: 4px 5px 4px 4px; width: 98%; word-break: break-all;"><!--<br />
<br />
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br />
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br />
<br />
--><span style="color: #000000; ">sudo&nbsp;add</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">apt</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">repository&nbsp;ppa</span><span style="color: #000000; ">:</span><span style="color: #000000; ">webupd8team</span><span style="color: #000000; ">/</span><span style="color: #000000; ">java</span></div>
</div>
<br />
<br />
2.  更新源中的软件数据：<br />
<br />
<div><strong>代码:</strong></div>
<div>
<div style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-size: 13px; border-left-color: #cccccc; padding: 4px 5px 4px 4px; width: 98%; word-break: break-all;"><!--<br />
<br />
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br />
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br />
<br />
--><span style="color: #000000; ">sudo&nbsp;apt</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">get&nbsp;update</span></div>
</div>
<br />
<br />
3.  安装java6或者java7, 当然也可以两者都装<br />
<br />
<div><strong>代码:</strong></div>
<div>
<div style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-size: 13px; border-left-color: #cccccc; padding: 4px 5px 4px 4px; width: 98%; word-break: break-all;"><!--<br />
<br />
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br />
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br />
<br />
--><span style="color: #000000; ">sudo&nbsp;apt</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">get&nbsp;install&nbsp;oracle</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">java8</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">installer<br />
sudo&nbsp;apt</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">get&nbsp;install&nbsp;oracle</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">java9</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">installer</span></div>
</div>
<br />
<br />
4.  安装maven和ant<br />
<br />
<div><strong>代码:</strong></div>
<div>
<div style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-size: 13px; border-left-color: #cccccc; padding: 4px 5px 4px 4px; width: 98%; word-break: break-all;"><!--<br />
<br />
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br />
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br />
<br />
--><span style="color: #000000; ">sudo&nbsp;apt</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">get&nbsp;install&nbsp;maven&nbsp;ant</span></div>
</div>
<br />
本方法在UBUNTU 13.04版本中默认安装的是maven 3.0.4版本和ant 1.8版本。如有特殊版本嗜好，请自行到apache.org下载安装。<br />
<br />
5.  配置Maven<br />
<br />
功夫网内用户可参照下面的链接进行配置：<br />
<br />
<a href="http://maven.oschina.net/help.html">http://maven.oschina.net/help.html</a><br />
<br />
其他地区用户可自行到股沟上问百度。<br />
<br />
6. 下载安装一种主流 JAVA IDE。&nbsp;</div>
<div><br />
</div>
<div>（1） 下载安装 IntelliJ IDEA</div>
<div><br />
</div>
<div>访问， 根据需要选择版本。推荐选择Free 30-day trial的Ultimate版本，至于激活码嘛，问度娘，你懂的~</div>
<div><br />
</div>
<div>
<div style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-size: 13px; border-left-color: #cccccc; padding: 4px 5px 4px 4px; width: 98%; word-break: break-all;"><!--<br />
<br />
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br />
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br />
<br />
-->axel&nbsp;-n&nbsp;<span style="color: #800000; ">10</span>&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">"</span><span style="font-weight: bold;">http://download.jetbrains.com/idea/ideaIU-14.1.3.tar.gz</span><span style="font-weight: bold;">"</span><br />
<br />
tar&nbsp;xzvf&nbsp;ideaIU-<span style="color: #800000; ">14.1</span>.<span style="color: #800000; ">3</span>.tar.gz<br />
<br />
cd&nbsp;idea-IU-<span style="color: #800000; ">141.1010</span>.<span style="color: #800000; ">3</span>/bin<br />
<br />
sh&nbsp;idea.sh<br />
<br />
</div>
</div>
<div>最后要提醒一句。对于在校学生，拥有.edu邮箱的朋友，可以用你们的.edu邮箱获取一年的jetbrains旗下所有IDE产品的一年免费使用权。详见</div>
<div>https://www.jetbrains.com/student/</div>
<div>一年过后，只要你的邮箱还能用，可以再次申请。</div>
<div><br />
</div>
<div><br />
（2） 下载安装eclipse IDE。（alternative step）<br />
<br />
访问http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/，根据需要选择IDE版本。推荐选择Eclipse IDE for Java EE Developers版本。可以根据系统情况选择安装32位或者64位<br />
这里以下载64位为例<br />
<div><strong>代码:</strong></div>
<div>
<div style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-size: 13px; border-left-color: #cccccc; padding: 4px 5px 4px 4px; width: 98%; word-break: break-all;"><!--<br />
<br />
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br />
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br />
<br />
--><span style="color: #000000; "></span><span style="color: #000000; "><br /></span><div style="background-color:#eeeeee;font-size:13px;border:1px solid #CCCCCC;padding-right: 5px;padding-bottom: 4px;padding-left: 4px;padding-top: 4px;width: 98%;word-break:break-all"><!--<br /><br />Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br />http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br /><br />--><span style="color: #000000; ">axel&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">n&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #800000; ">10</span><span style="color: #000000; ">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; ">"</span><span style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; ">http://ftp.daum.net/eclipse//technology/epp/downloads/release/mars/R/eclipse-jee-mars-R-linux-gtk-x86_64.tar.gz</span><span style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; ">"</span></div><span style="color: #000000; ">tar&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span>zxvf&nbsp;</div><div style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-size: 13px; border-left-color: #cccccc; padding: 4px 5px 4px 4px; width: 98%; word-break: break-all;"><span style="color: #000000; "><div><strong>&nbsp;eclipse-jee-luna-SR2-linux-gtk-x86_64.tar.gz</strong></div></span></div>
</div>
<br />
<br />
然后就是自己创建快捷方式到桌面之类的。<br />
<br />
（3） 下载netbeans IDE. （alternative step）<br />
<br />
访问www.netbeans.org，然后找到下载地址。<br />
这里以下载8.0.2版本为例：<br />
<div><strong>代码:</strong></div>
<div>
<div style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-size: 13px; border-left-color: #cccccc; padding: 4px 5px 4px 4px; width: 98%; word-break: break-all;"><!--<br />
<br />
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br />
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br />
<br />
--><span style="color: #000000; ">axel&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">n&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #800000; ">10</span><span style="color: #000000; ">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; ">"</span><strong>http://dlc-cdn.sun.com/netbeans/8.0.2/final/bundles/netbeans-8.0.2-linux.sh</strong><span style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; ">"</span><span style="color: #000000; "><br />
sh&nbsp;</span>netbeans-8.0.2-linux.sh</div>
</div>
<br />
<br />
把netbeans配置为全屏反锯齿模式：<br />
<div><strong>代码:</strong></div>
<div>
<div style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-size: 13px; border-left-color: #cccccc; padding: 4px 5px 4px 4px; width: 98%; word-break: break-all;"><!--<br />
<br />
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br />
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br />
<br />
--><span style="color: #000000; ">cp&nbsp;netbeans</span><span style="color: #000000; ">.</span><span style="color: #000000; ">conf&nbsp;netbeans</span><span style="color: #000000; ">.</span><span style="color: #000000; ">conf</span><span style="color: #000000; ">.</span><span style="color: #000000; ">bak;&nbsp;awk&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">F</span><span style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; ">'</span><span style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; ">=</span><span style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; ">'</span><span style="color: #000000; ">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; ">'</span><span style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; ">{if($1=="netbeans_default_options"){print&nbsp;index($0,"useSystemAAFontSettings")?$0:substr($0,0,length($0))"&nbsp;-J-Dawt.useSystemAAFontSettings=on\""}else{print&nbsp;$0}}</span><span style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; ">'</span><span style="color: #000000; ">&nbsp;netbeans</span><span style="color: #000000; ">.</span><span style="color: #000000; ">conf</span><span style="color: #000000; ">.</span><span style="color: #000000; ">bak&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000; ">&gt;</span><span style="color: #000000; ">&nbsp;netbeans</span><span style="color: #000000; ">.</span><span style="color: #000000; ">conf</span></div>
</div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
7.  如果想做快速原型或者玩一玩的话，也可以安装一下nodejs。很有意思。<br />
<div><strong>代码:</strong></div>
<div>
<div style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-size: 13px; border-left-color: #cccccc; padding: 4px 5px 4px 4px; width: 98%; word-break: break-all;"><div style="background-color:#eeeeee;font-size:13px;border:1px solid #CCCCCC;padding-right: 5px;padding-bottom: 4px;padding-left: 4px;padding-top: 4px;width: 98%;word-break:break-all"><!--<br /><br />Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br />http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br /><br />--><span style="color: #000000; ">sudo&nbsp;curl&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000; ">--</span><span style="color: #000000; ">silent&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000; ">--</span><span style="color: #000000; ">location&nbsp;https</span><span style="color: #000000; ">://</span><span style="color: #000000; ">deb</span><span style="color: #000000; ">.</span><span style="color: #000000; ">nodesource</span><span style="color: #000000; ">.</span><span style="color: #000000; ">com</span><span style="color: #000000; ">/</span><span style="color: #000000; ">setup_0</span><span style="color: #000000; ">.</span><span style="color: #800000; ">12</span><span style="color: #000000; ">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000; ">|</span><span style="color: #000000; ">&nbsp;sudo&nbsp;bash&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span></div><span style="color: #000000; "><br />sudo&nbsp;apt</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">get&nbsp;install&nbsp;nodejs</span></div>
</div>
<br />
<br />
8.  GraphDB 最近很火。装个neo4j试试看。<br />
<div><strong>代码:</strong></div>
<div>
<div style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-size: 13px; border-left-color: #cccccc; padding: 4px 5px 4px 4px; width: 98%; word-break: break-all;"><!--<br />
<br />
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br />
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br />
<br />
--><span style="color: #000000; ">wget&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">O&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">&nbsp;http</span><span style="color: #000000; ">://</span><span style="color: #000000; ">debian</span><span style="color: #000000; ">.</span><span style="color: #000000; ">neo4j</span><span style="color: #000000; ">.</span><span style="color: #000000; ">org</span><span style="color: #000000; ">/</span><span style="color: #000000; ">neotechnology</span><span style="color: #000000; ">.</span><span style="color: #000000; ">gpg</span><span style="color: #000000; ">.</span><span style="color: #000000; ">key&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000; ">|</span><span style="color: #000000; ">&nbsp;apt</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">key&nbsp;add&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; "><br />
sudo echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; ">'</span><span style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; ">deb&nbsp;http://debian.neo4j.org/repo&nbsp;stable/</span><span style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; ">'</span><span style="color: #000000; ">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000; ">&gt;</span><span style="color: #000000; ">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000; ">/</span><span style="color: #000000; ">etc</span><span style="color: #000000; ">/</span><span style="color: #000000; ">apt</span><span style="color: #000000; ">/</span><span style="color: #000000; ">sources</span><span style="color: #000000; ">.</span><span style="color: #000000; ">list</span><span style="color: #000000; ">.</span><span style="color: #000000; ">d</span><span style="color: #000000; ">/</span><span style="color: #000000; ">neo4j</span><span style="color: #000000; ">.</span><span style="color: #000000; ">list<br />
sudo apt-get update<br />
sudo&nbsp;apt</span><span style="color: #000000; ">-</span><span style="color: #000000; ">get&nbsp;install&nbsp;neo4j</span></div>
</div>
</div><img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/aggbug/409716.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/" target="_blank">X-Spirit</a> 2014-01-11 11:42 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/archive/2014/01/11/409716.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>【Effective】如何迁移git仓库</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/archive/2012/11/12/409785.html</link><dc:creator>X-Spirit</dc:creator><author>X-Spirit</author><pubDate>Mon, 12 Nov 2012 10:58:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/archive/2012/11/12/409785.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/comments/409785.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/archive/2012/11/12/409785.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/comments/commentRss/409785.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/services/trackbacks/409785.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<div><div post-content"="">                     <p>from:&nbsp; </p><div>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; http://segmentfault.com/q/1010000000124379</div><br /><p>&nbsp;</p><p><br /></p><p>如果你想从别的 Git 托管服务那里复制一份源代码到新的 Git 托管服务器上的话，可以通过以下步骤来操作。</p><p>1). 从原地址克隆一份裸版本库，比如原本托管于 GitHub。</p><p>git clone --bare git://github.com/username/project.git</p><p>2). 然后到新的 Git 服务器上创建一个新项目，比如 GitCafe。</p><p>3). 以镜像推送的方式上传代码到 GitCafe 服务器上。</p><p>cd project.git</p><p>git push --mirror git@gitcafe.com/username/newproject.git</p><p>4). 删除本地代码</p><p>cd ..</p><p>rm -rf project.git</p><p>5). 到新服务器 GitCafe 上找到 Clone 地址，直接 Clone 到本地就可以了。</p><p>git clone git@gitcafe.com/username/newproject.git</p><p>这种方式可以保留原版本库中的所有内容。</p>                </div></div><br /><div></div><img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/aggbug/409785.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/" target="_blank">X-Spirit</a> 2012-11-12 18:58 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/archive/2012/11/12/409785.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>【Efficiency】 监控 Linux 性能的 18 个命令行工具</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/archive/2012/02/19/410062.html</link><dc:creator>X-Spirit</dc:creator><author>X-Spirit</author><pubDate>Sun, 19 Feb 2012 14:16:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/archive/2012/02/19/410062.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/comments/410062.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/archive/2012/02/19/410062.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/comments/commentRss/410062.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/services/trackbacks/410062.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<div><div> <p>转自：</p><div>http://blog.jobbole.com/59790/</div><br /><p>&nbsp;</p><p><br /></p><p>对于系统和网络管理员来说每天监控和调试Linux系统的性能问题是一项繁重的工作。在IT领域作为一名Linux系统的管理员工作5年后，我逐渐  认识到监控和保持系统启动并运行是多么的不容易。基于此原因，我们已编写了最常使用的18个命令行工具列表，这些工具将有助于每个Linux/Unix   系统管理员的工作。这些命令行工具可以在各种Linux系统下使用，可以用于监控和查找产生性能问题的原因。这个命令行工具列表提供了足够的工具，您可以  挑选适用于您的监控场景的工具。</p> <h2>1.Top-Linux进程监控</h2> <p>Linux下的Top命令是一个性能监控程序，许多系统管理员常常用它来监控Linux性能，在许多<strong>Linux或者类Unix</strong>操作系统里都有这个命令。Top命令用于按一定的顺序显示所有正在运行而且处于活动状态的实时进程，而且会定期更新显示结果。这条命令显示了<strong>CPU的使用率、内存使用率、交换内存使用大小、高速缓存使用大小、缓冲区使用大小，进程PID、所使用命令</strong>以及其他。它还可以显示正在运行进程的内存和CPU占用多的情况。对系统管理员来说，top命令式是一个非常有用的，它可用于监控系统并在需要的时候采取正确的处理动作。让我们看看实际中的top命令。</p> <pre>#&nbsp;top</pre> <p><a href="http://jbcdn2.b0.upaiyun.com/2014/02/8c4c78b47cb9e489308352f7e0743c78.jpg" rel="lightbox[59790]" title="监控 Linux 性能的 18 个命令行工具"><img wp-image-59800"="" alt="13115558_AIkI" src="http://jbcdn2.b0.upaiyun.com/2014/02/8c4c78b47cb9e489308352f7e0743c78.jpg" height="387" width="567" /></a><br /> Top命令举例<br /> <strong>有关Top命令更多的例子，请阅读</strong> <a href="http://www.tecmint.com/12-top-command-examples-in-linux/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">:Linux下12个使用Top命令的例子</a>。</p> <h3>2. VmStat &#8211; 虚拟内存统计</h3> <p>Linux 的&nbsp;<strong>VmStat</strong>&nbsp;命令用于显示<strong>虚拟内存</strong>、<strong>内核线程</strong>、<strong>磁盘</strong>、<strong>系统进程</strong>、<strong>I/O 块</strong>、<strong>中断</strong>、<strong>CPU 活动</strong> 等的统计信息。缺省情况下， vmstat 命令在 Linux 系统下不可用，你需要安装一个包含了 vmstat 程序的&nbsp;<strong>sysstat</strong>&nbsp;软件包。命令格式的常见用法是：</p> <div><div id="highlighter_618773" notranslate=""  text"=""><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><div number1="" index0=""  alt2"="">1</div><div number2="" index1=""  alt1"="">2</div><div number3="" index2=""  alt2"="">3</div><div number4="" index3=""  alt1"="">4</div></td><td><div><div number1="" index0=""  alt2"=""><code plain"="">#&nbsp;vmstat</code></div><div number2="" index1=""  alt1"=""><code plain"="">procs&nbsp;-----------memory----------&nbsp;---swap--&nbsp;-----io----&nbsp;--system--&nbsp;-----cpu-----</code></div><div number3="" index2=""  alt2"=""><code spaces"="">&nbsp;</code><code plain"="">r&nbsp;&nbsp;b&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swpd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;free&nbsp;&nbsp;inact&nbsp;active&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;si&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;so&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bi&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bo&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;in&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cs&nbsp;us&nbsp;sy&nbsp;id&nbsp;wa&nbsp;st</code></div><div number4="" index3=""  alt1"=""><code spaces"="">&nbsp;</code><code plain"="">1&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;810420&nbsp;&nbsp;97380&nbsp;&nbsp;70628&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;115&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;89&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;79&nbsp;&nbsp;1&nbsp;&nbsp;6&nbsp;90&nbsp;&nbsp;3&nbsp;&nbsp;0</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <p><strong>更多的 vmstat 例子，请阅读 :</strong> <a href="http://www.tecmint.com/linux-performance-monitoring-with-vmstat-and-iostat-commands/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">6 Linux 下的 Vmstat 命令实例</a></p> <h2>3.Lsof-列出打开的文件</h2> <p>在许多Linux或者类Unix系统里都有lsof命令，它常用于以列表的形式显示所有打开的文件和进程。打开的文件包括<strong>磁盘文件、网络套接字、管道、设备和进程</strong>。使用这条命令的主要情形之一就是在无法挂载磁盘和显示正在使用或者打开某个文件的错误信息的时候。使用这条命令，你可以很容易地看到正在使用哪个文件。这条命令最常用的格式如下：</p> <div><div id="highlighter_516830" notranslate=""  text"=""><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><div number1="" index0=""  alt2"="">1</div><div number2="" index1=""  alt1"="">2</div><div number3="" index2=""  alt2"="">3</div><div number4="" index3=""  alt1"="">4</div><div number5="" index4=""  alt2"="">5</div><div number6="" index5=""  alt1"="">6</div><div number7="" index6=""  alt2"="">7</div><div number8="" index7=""  alt1"="">8</div><div number9="" index8=""  alt2"="">9</div><div number10="" index9=""  alt1"="">10</div><div number11="" index10=""  alt2"="">11</div></td><td><div><div number1="" index0=""  alt2"=""><code plain"="">#&nbsp;lsof</code></div><div number2="" index1=""  alt1"=""><code plain"="">COMMAND&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;PID&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;USER&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;FD&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;TYPE&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;DEVICE&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SIZE&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;NODE&nbsp;NAME</code></div><div number3="" index2=""  alt2"=""><code plain"="">init&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;cwd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;DIR&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;104,2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4096&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2&nbsp;/</code></div><div number4="" index3=""  alt1"=""><code plain"="">init&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;rtd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;DIR&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;104,2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4096&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2&nbsp;/</code></div><div number5="" index4=""  alt2"=""><code plain"="">init&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;txt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;REG&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;104,2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;38652&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;17710339&nbsp;/sbin/init</code></div><div number6="" index5=""  alt1"=""><code plain"="">init&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;mem&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;REG&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;104,2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;129900&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;196453&nbsp;/lib/ld-2.5.so</code></div><div number7="" index6=""  alt2"=""><code plain"="">init&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;mem&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;REG&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;104,2&nbsp;&nbsp;1693812&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;196454&nbsp;/lib/libc-2.5.so</code></div><div number8="" index7=""  alt1"=""><code plain"="">init&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;mem&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;REG&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;104,2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;20668&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;196479&nbsp;/lib/libdl-2.5.so</code></div><div number9="" index8=""  alt2"=""><code plain"="">init&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;mem&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;REG&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;104,2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;245376&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;196419&nbsp;/lib/libsepol.so.1</code></div><div number10="" index9=""  alt1"=""><code plain"="">init&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;mem&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;REG&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;104,2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;93508&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;196431&nbsp;/lib/libselinux.so.1</code></div><div number11="" index10=""  alt2"=""><code plain"="">init&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;10u&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;FIFO&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0,17&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;953&nbsp;/dev/initctl</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <p><strong>有关lsof命令的用法和例子的更多信息，请参考</strong>： <a href="http://www.tecmint.com/10-lsof-command-examples-in-linux/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Linux下10个使用lsof命令的例子</a>。</p> <h2>4.Tcpdump-网络包分析器</h2> <p><strong>Tcpdump</strong>是最广泛使用的<strong>网络包分析器或者包监控程序</strong>之一，它用于捕捉或者过滤网络上指定接口上接收或者传输的<strong>TCP/IP</strong>包。它还有一个选项用于把捕捉到的包保存到文件里，以便以后进行分析。在几乎所有主要的Linux发布里，tcpdump都可以使用。</p> <div><div id="highlighter_610664" notranslate=""  text"=""><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><div number1="" index0=""  alt2"="">1</div><div number2="" index1=""  alt1"="">2</div><div number3="" index2=""  alt2"="">3</div><div number4="" index3=""  alt1"="">4</div><div number5="" index4=""  alt2"="">5</div></td><td><div><div number1="" index0=""  alt2"=""><code plain"="">#&nbsp;tcpdump&nbsp;-i&nbsp;eth0tcpdump:&nbsp;verbose&nbsp;output&nbsp;suppressed,&nbsp;use&nbsp;-v&nbsp;or&nbsp;-vv&nbsp;for&nbsp;full&nbsp;protocol&nbsp;decode</code></div><div number2="" index1=""  alt1"=""><code plain"="">listening&nbsp;on&nbsp;eth0,&nbsp;link-type&nbsp;EN10MB&nbsp;(Ethernet),&nbsp;capture&nbsp;size&nbsp;96&nbsp;bytes</code></div><div number3="" index2=""  alt2"=""><code plain"="">22:08:59.617628&nbsp;IP&nbsp;tecmint.com.ssh&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;115.113.134.3.static-mumbai.vsnl.net.in.28472:&nbsp;P&nbsp;2532133365:2532133481(116)&nbsp;ack&nbsp;3561562349&nbsp;win&nbsp;9648</code></div><div number4="" index3=""  alt1"=""><code plain"="">22:09:07.653466&nbsp;IP&nbsp;tecmint.com.ssh&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;115.113.134.3.static-mumbai.vsnl.net.in.28472:&nbsp;P&nbsp;116:232(116)&nbsp;ack&nbsp;1&nbsp;win&nbsp;9648</code></div><div number5="" index4=""  alt2"=""><code plain"="">22:08:59.617916&nbsp;IP&nbsp;115.113.134.3.static-mumbai.vsnl.net.in.28472&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;tecmint.com.ssh:&nbsp;.&nbsp;ack&nbsp;116&nbsp;win&nbsp;64347</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <p><strong>要想获得更多有关tcpdump用法的信息，请参阅</strong>： <a href="http://www.tecmint.com/12-tcpdump-commands-a-network-sniffer-tool/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Linux下12个使用Tcpdump命令的例子。</a></p> <h2>5.Netstat-网络状态统计</h2> <p>Netstat是一个用于监控<strong>进出网络</strong>的包和网络接口统计的命令行工具。它是一个非常有用的工具，系统管理员可以用来监控网络性能，定位并解决网络相关问题。</p> <div><div id="highlighter_722394" notranslate=""  text"=""><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><div number1="" index0=""  alt2"="">1</div><div number2="" index1=""  alt1"="">2</div><div number3="" index2=""  alt2"="">3</div><div number4="" index3=""  alt1"="">4</div><div number5="" index4=""  alt2"="">5</div><div number6="" index5=""  alt1"="">6</div><div number7="" index6=""  alt2"="">7</div><div number8="" index7=""  alt1"="">8</div><div number9="" index8=""  alt2"="">9</div><div number10="" index9=""  alt1"="">10</div><div number11="" index10=""  alt2"="">11</div><div number12="" index11=""  alt1"="">12</div><div number13="" index12=""  alt2"="">13</div></td><td><div><div number1="" index0=""  alt2"=""><code plain"="">#&nbsp;netstat&nbsp;-a&nbsp;|&nbsp;moreActive&nbsp;Internet&nbsp;connections&nbsp;(servers&nbsp;and&nbsp;established)</code></div><div number2="" index1=""  alt1"=""><code plain"="">Proto&nbsp;Recv-Q&nbsp;Send-Q&nbsp;Local&nbsp;Address&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Foreign&nbsp;Address&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;State</code></div><div number3="" index2=""  alt2"=""><code plain"="">tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;*:mysql&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*:*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;LISTEN</code></div><div number4="" index3=""  alt1"=""><code plain"="">tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;*:sunrpc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*:*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;LISTEN</code></div><div number5="" index4=""  alt2"=""><code plain"="">tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;*:realm-rusd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*:*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;LISTEN</code></div><div number6="" index5=""  alt1"=""><code plain"="">tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;*:ftp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*:*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;LISTEN</code></div><div number7="" index6=""  alt2"=""><code plain"="">tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;localhost.localdomain:ipp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*:*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;LISTEN</code></div><div number8="" index7=""  alt1"=""><code plain"="">tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;localhost.localdomain:smtp&nbsp;&nbsp;*:*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;LISTEN</code></div><div number9="" index8=""  alt2"=""><code plain"="">tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;localhost.localdomain:smtp&nbsp;&nbsp;localhost.localdomain:42709&nbsp;TIME_WAIT</code></div><div number10="" index9=""  alt1"=""><code plain"="">tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;localhost.localdomain:smtp&nbsp;&nbsp;localhost.localdomain:42710&nbsp;TIME_WAIT</code></div><div number11="" index10=""  alt2"=""><code plain"="">tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;*:http&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*:*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;LISTEN</code></div><div number12="" index11=""  alt1"=""><code plain"="">tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;*:ssh&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*:*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;LISTEN</code></div><div number13="" index12=""  alt2"=""><code plain"="">tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;*:https&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*:*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;LISTEN</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <p><strong>有关Netstat更多的例子，请参阅</strong>: <a href="http://www.tecmint.com/20-netstat-commands-for-linux-network-management/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Linux下20个使用Netstat命令的例子。</a></p> <h3>6. Htop &#8211; Linux进程监控</h3> <p><strong>Htop</strong>&nbsp;是一个非常高级的交互式的实时linux进程监控工具。  它和top命令十分相似，但是它具有更丰富的特性，例如用户可以友好地管理进程，快捷键，垂直和水平方式显示进程等等。  Htop是一个第三方工具，它不包含在linux系统中，你需要使用YUM包管理工具去安装它。 关于安装的更多信息，请阅读下文.</p> <pre>#&nbsp;htop</pre> <p><a href="http://jbcdn2.b0.upaiyun.com/2014/02/924653ed9558ba162ebdb8ae25551fe9.jpg" rel="lightbox[59790]" title="监控 Linux 性能的 18 个命令行工具"><img size-full=""  wp-image-59799"="" alt="13115601_fiol" src="http://jbcdn2.b0.upaiyun.com/2014/02/924653ed9558ba162ebdb8ae25551fe9.jpg" /></a></p> <p>Htop 命令示例截图</p> <p><strong>对于Htop的安装，请读&nbsp;: <a href="http://www.tecmint.com/install-htop-linux-process-monitoring-for-rhel-centos-fedora/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">在Linux安装Htop(Linux进程监控)</a></strong></p> <h2><strong>7.Iotop-监控Linux磁盘I/O</strong></h2> <p><strong>Iotop</strong>命令同样也非常类似于<strong>top</strong><strong>命令</strong>和<strong>Htop程序</strong>，不过它具有监控并显示实时<strong>磁盘I/O和进程</strong>的统计功能。在查找具体进程和大量使用磁盘读写进程的时候，这个工具就非常有用。</p> <pre>#&nbsp;iotop</pre> <p><a href="http://jbcdn2.b0.upaiyun.com/2014/02/f6ad31e4bfc1f4f2af2de600a9c77012.jpg" rel="lightbox[59790]" title="监控 Linux 性能的 18 个命令行工具"><img wp-image-59798"="" alt="13115602_F9DG" src="http://jbcdn2.b0.upaiyun.com/2014/02/f6ad31e4bfc1f4f2af2de600a9c77012.jpg" height="378" width="567" /></a>&nbsp;Iotop命令举例的截图<br /> <strong>有关如何安装和使用iotop的信息，请阅读</strong>： <a href="http://www.tecmint.com/install-iotop-monitor-linux-disk-io-in-rhel-centos-and-fedora/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">在Linux下安装Iotop。</a></p> <h2>8.Iostat-输入/输出统计</h2> <p><strong>Iostat</strong>是一个用于收集显示系统存储设备<strong>输入和输出</strong>状态统计的简单工具。这个工具常常用来追踪存储设备的性能问题，其中存储设备包括<strong>设备、本地磁盘，以及诸如使用NFS等的远端磁盘</strong>。</p> <div><div id="highlighter_781274" notranslate=""  text"=""><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><div number1="" index0=""  alt2"="">1</div><div number2="" index1=""  alt1"="">2</div><div number3="" index2=""  alt2"="">3</div><div number4="" index3=""  alt1"="">4</div><div number5="" index4=""  alt2"="">5</div><div number6="" index5=""  alt1"="">6</div><div number7="" index6=""  alt2"="">7</div><div number8="" index7=""  alt1"="">8</div><div number9="" index8=""  alt2"="">9</div><div number10="" index9=""  alt1"="">10</div><div number11="" index10=""  alt2"="">11</div><div number12="" index11=""  alt1"="">12</div><div number13="" index12=""  alt2"="">13</div><div number14="" index13=""  alt1"="">14</div></td><td><div><div number1="" index0=""  alt2"=""><code plain"="">#&nbsp;iostat</code></div><div number2="" index1=""  alt1"=""><code plain"="">Linux&nbsp;2.6.18-238.9.1.el5&nbsp;(tecmint.com)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;09/13/2012</code></div><div number3="" index2=""  alt2"="">&nbsp;</div><div number4="" index3=""  alt1"=""><code plain"="">avg-cpu:&nbsp;&nbsp;%user&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;%nice&nbsp;%system&nbsp;%iowait&nbsp;&nbsp;%steal&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;%idle</code></div><div number5="" index4=""  alt2"=""><code spaces"="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code><code plain"="">2.60&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3.65&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.04&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4.29&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;88.42</code></div><div number6="" index5=""  alt1"="">&nbsp;</div><div number7="" index6=""  alt2"=""><code plain"="">Device:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tps&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Blk_read/s&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Blk_wrtn/s&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Blk_read&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Blk_wrtn</code></div><div number8="" index7=""  alt1"=""><code plain"="">cciss/c0d0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;17.79&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;545.80&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;256.52&nbsp;&nbsp;855159769&nbsp;&nbsp;401914750</code></div><div number9="" index8=""  alt2"=""><code plain"="">cciss/c0d0p1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5459&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3518</code></div><div number10="" index9=""  alt1"=""><code plain"="">cciss/c0d0p2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;16.45&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;533.97&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;245.18&nbsp;&nbsp;836631746&nbsp;&nbsp;384153384</code></div><div number11="" index10=""  alt2"=""><code plain"="">cciss/c0d0p3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.63&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5.58&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3.97&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;8737650&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;6215544</code></div><div number12="" index11=""  alt1"=""><code plain"="">cciss/c0d0p4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0</code></div><div number13="" index12=""  alt2"=""><code plain"="">cciss/c0d0p5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.63&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3.79&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5.03&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5936778&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;7882528</code></div><div number14="" index13=""  alt1"=""><code plain"="">cciss/c0d0p6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.08&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2.46&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2.34&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3847771&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3659776</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <p><strong>有关iostat用法和举例的更多信息，请访问</strong>: <a href="http://www.tecmint.com/linux-performance-monitoring-with-vmstat-and-iostat-commands/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Linux下6个使用iostat命令的例子</a>。</p> <h2>9.IPTraf-实时局域网IP监控</h2> <p><strong>IPTraf</strong>是一个在<strong>Linux</strong>控制台运行的、开放源代码的实时网络（<strong>局域网</strong>）监控应用。它采集了大量信息，比如通过网络的IP流量监控，包括TCP标记、ICMP详细信息、TCP/UDP流量分离、TCP连接包和字节数。同时还采集有关接口状态的常见信息和详细信息：TCP、UDP、IP、ICMP、非IP，IP校验和错误，接口活动等。</p> <p><a href="http://jbcdn2.b0.upaiyun.com/2014/02/e2332a1abdaeb4453d825810d6977593.jpg" rel="lightbox[59790]" title="监控 Linux 性能的 18 个命令行工具"><img size-full=""  wp-image-59797"="" alt="420140219110741" src="http://jbcdn2.b0.upaiyun.com/2014/02/e2332a1abdaeb4453d825810d6977593.jpg" /></a></p> <p>IP流量监控<br /> <strong>有关IPTraf工具用法以及其他更多信息，请访问：</strong> <a href="http://www.tecmint.com/real-time-interactive-ip-lan-monitoring-with-iptraf-tool/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">IPTraf网络监控工具</a>。</p> <h2>10. psacct 或者 acct &#8211; 监视用户活动</h2> <p>psacct或者acct工具用于监视系统里每个用户的活动状况。这两个服务进程运行在后台，它们对系统上运行的每个用户的所有活动进行近距离监视，同时还监视这些活动所使用的资源情况。</p> <p>系统管理员可以使用这两个工具跟踪每个用户的活动，比如用户正在做什么，他们提交了那些命令，他们使用了多少资源，他们在系统上持续了多长时间等等。</p> <p>有关这些命令的安装和用法举例信息，请参阅文章：<a href="http://www.tecmint.com/how-to-monitor-user-activity-with-psacct-or-acct-tools/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">使用psacct或者acct监视用户活动</a>。</p> <h3>11.Monit &#8211; Linux进程和服务监控工具</h3> <p>Monit是一个免费的开源软件，也是一个基于网络的进程监控工具。它能自动监控和管理系统进程，程序，文件，文件夹，权限，总和验证码和文件系统。</p> <p>这个软件能监控像Apache, MySQL, Mail, FTP, ProFTP, Nginx, SSH这样的服务。你可以通过命令行或者这个软件提供的网络借口来查看系统状态。</p> <p><a href="http://jbcdn2.b0.upaiyun.com/2014/02/32f061ca57df83777d52e03e37d21832.jpg" rel="lightbox[59790]" title="监控 Linux 性能的 18 个命令行工具"><img size-full=""  wp-image-59796"="" alt="13115605_Gvjb" src="http://jbcdn2.b0.upaiyun.com/2014/02/32f061ca57df83777d52e03e37d21832.jpg" /></a></p> <p>Monit Linux系统监控</p> <p>更多内容请参阅：<a href="http://www.tecmint.com/how-to-install-and-setup-monit-linux-process-and-services-monitoring-program/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">用Monit监控Linux进程</a></p> <h2>12.NetHogs-监视每个进程使用的网络带宽</h2> <p><strong>NetHogs</strong>是一个开放源源代码的很小程序（与Linux下的<strong>top命令</strong>很相似），它密切监视着系统上每个进程的网络活动。同时还追踪着每个程序或者应用所使用的实时网络带宽。</p> <p><a href="http://jbcdn2.b0.upaiyun.com/2014/02/3d8264c45e9377b458f28b6b1ac2e21a.jpg" rel="lightbox[59790]" title="监控 Linux 性能的 18 个命令行工具"><img size-full=""  wp-image-59795"="" alt="13115606_C06o" src="http://jbcdn2.b0.upaiyun.com/2014/02/3d8264c45e9377b458f28b6b1ac2e21a.jpg" /></a></p> <p>NetHogs：Linux下的带宽监视<br /> <strong>更多信息请参阅：</strong> <a href="http://www.tecmint.com/nethogs-monitor-per-process-network-bandwidth-usage-in-real-time/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">使用NetHogs监视Linux的网络带宽使用状况。</a></p> <h2>13.iftop-监视网络带宽</h2> <p><strong>iftop</strong>是另一个在控制台运行的开放源代码系统监控应用，它显示了系统上通过网络接口的应用网络带宽使用（源主机或者目的主机）的列表，这个列表定期更新。iftop用于监视网络的使用情况，而<strong>&#8216;top&#8217;</strong>用于监视CPU的使用情况。iftop是<strong>&#8216;top&#8217;</strong>工具系列中的一员，它用于监视所选接口，并显示两个主机间当前网络带宽的使用情况。</p> <p><a href="http://jbcdn2.b0.upaiyun.com/2014/02/714ccc615ab261043efa782ab3a25469.jpg" rel="lightbox[59790]" title="监控 Linux 性能的 18 个命令行工具"><img size-full=""  wp-image-59794"="" alt="720140219110814" src="http://jbcdn2.b0.upaiyun.com/2014/02/714ccc615ab261043efa782ab3a25469.jpg" /></a></p> <p>iftop-监视网络带宽。</p> <p><strong>更多信息请参阅：</strong><a href="http://www.tecmint.com/install-iftop-bandwidth-monitoring-tool-in-rhel-centos-fedora/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">iftop-监视网络带宽的使用情况</a>。</p> <p><strong>14 Monitorix-系统和网络监控</strong></p> <p>Monitorix 是一个免费的轻量级应用工具，它的设计初衷是运行和监控Linux/Unix服务器系统和资源等。它有一个HTTP  网络服务器，这个服务器有规律的收集系统和网络的信息并以图形化的形式展示出来。它监控系统的平均负载和使用，内存分配、磁盘健康状况、系统服务、网络端   口、邮件统计（Sendmail，Postfix,Dovecot等），MySQL统计，等等。它就是用来监控系统的总体性能，帮助发现失误、瓶颈和异常  活动的。</p> <p><a href="http://jbcdn2.b0.upaiyun.com/2014/02/4e65a7f7cd0873c1d53c2c857da7a9de.jpg" rel="lightbox[59790]" title="监控 Linux 性能的 18 个命令行工具"><img size-full=""  wp-image-59793"="" alt="820140219110833" src="http://jbcdn2.b0.upaiyun.com/2014/02/4e65a7f7cd0873c1d53c2c857da7a9de.jpg" /></a></p> <h3>15. Arpwatch &#8211; 以太网活动监视器</h3> <p><strong>Arpwatch</strong>被设计用来监控Linux上的以太网地址解析 (<strong>MAC</strong>和<strong>IP</strong>地址的变化)。他在一段时间内持续监控以太网活动并输出IP和MAC地址配对变动的日志。它还可以向管理员发送邮件通知，对地址配对的增改发出警告。这对于检测网络上的ARP攻击很有用。</p> <p><strong>更多信息请参阅</strong> : <a href="http://www.tecmint.com/monitor-ethernet-activity-in-linux/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Arpwatch to Monitor Ethernet Activity</a></p> <h3>16. Suricata &#8211; 网络安全监控</h3> <p><strong>Suricata</strong>&nbsp;是一个开源的高性能网络安全、入侵检测和反监测工具，可以运行Linux、FreeBSD和Windows上。非营利组织<strong>OISF</strong> (<strong>Open Information Security Foundation</strong>)开发并拥有其版权。</p> <p><strong>更多信息请参阅</strong> : <a href="http://www.tecmint.com/suricata-a-network-intrusion-detection-prevention-system/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Suricata &#8211; A Network Intrusion Detection and Prevention System</a></p> <h3>17. VnStat PHP &#8211; 网络流量监控</h3> <p><strong>VnStat PHP</strong>&nbsp;是流行网络工具&#8221;vnstat&#8221;的基于web的前端呈现。<strong>VnStat PHP</strong>&nbsp;将网络使用情况呈现在漂亮的图形界面中。他可以显示以小时、日、月计的上传和下载流量并输出总结报告。</p> <p><strong>更多信息请参阅</strong> : <a href="http://www.tecmint.com/vnstat-php-frontend-for-monitoring-network-bandwidth/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">VnStat PHP &#8211; Monitoring Network Bandwidth</a></p> <h3>18. Nagios &#8211; 网络/服务器监控</h3> <p>Nagios是领先而强大的开源监控系统，他可以让网络/系统管理员在问题影响到正常的业务之前发现并解决它们。有了Nagios系统，管理员可以   在单个窗口内远程检测Linux、Windows、开关、路由器和打印机。它可以危险警告并指出系统/服务器是否有异常，这可以间接帮助你在问题发生之前  采取抢救措施。</p> <p><strong>更多信息请参阅</strong> : <a href="http://www.tecmint.com/install-nagios-in-linux/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Install Nagios Monitoring System to Monitor Remote Linux/Windows Hosts</a></p> <p>我们想知道：你在用什么监控程序来监控Linux服务器的性能呢？如果我们在上面错过了你认为重要的工具，请在评论中告诉我们，不要忘了分享它！</p> </div></div><img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/aggbug/410062.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/" target="_blank">X-Spirit</a> 2012-02-19 22:16 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/zhangwei217245/archive/2012/02/19/410062.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item></channel></rss>