﻿<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:trackback="http://madskills.com/public/xml/rss/module/trackback/" xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/" xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/"><channel><title>语源科技BlogJava-快车道</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/</link><description /><language>zh-cn</language><lastBuildDate>Tue, 28 Apr 2026 19:01:59 GMT</lastBuildDate><pubDate>Tue, 28 Apr 2026 19:01:59 GMT</pubDate><ttl>60</ttl><item><title>Idea 异常关闭后，再次启动报错：指定进程仍运行中</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/09/25/451204.html</link><dc:creator>快车道</dc:creator><author>快车道</author><pubDate>Mon, 25 Sep 2023 01:09:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/09/25/451204.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/comments/451204.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/09/25/451204.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/comments/commentRss/451204.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/services/trackbacks/451204.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<div> 造成此报错信息的原因是 idea 的 .lock 文件仍就存在，但实际其对应的进程已经不存在，故处理办法就是删除 .lock 文件即可。</div><div></div><div>.lock 文件在类似于 /.config/JetBrains/IdeaIC2023.2 下，依据为：</div><div>&nbsp; /snap/intellij-idea-community/current/bin/idea.sh</div><div>&nbsp; 其中包含：</div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp; CONFIG_HOME="${XDG_CONFIG_HOME:-${HOME}/.config}"</div><div></div><div>参考：</div><div>&nbsp; <a href="https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/656194639" title="pycharm启动失败Cannot connect to already running IDE instance. Exception: Process 7,927 is still running">pycharm启动失败Cannot connect to already running IDE instance. Exception: Process 7,927 is still running</a></div><img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/aggbug/451204.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/" target="_blank">快车道</a> 2023-09-25 09:09 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/09/25/451204.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>SpringBoot 工程 Run/Debug 时报错：active: @profile.name@ 相关的 @ 不识别</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/08/29/451185.html</link><dc:creator>快车道</dc:creator><author>快车道</author><pubDate>Tue, 29 Aug 2023 09:18:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/08/29/451185.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/comments/451185.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/08/29/451185.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/comments/commentRss/451185.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/services/trackbacks/451185.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[现象：<br />1、此工程之前实际正常 Run/Debug 过，每次修改代码会在 idea 中重新 package 打包；<br />2、偶然执行 Run/Debug 均报告 active: @profile.name@ 相关的错误信息，重新打包后依然报错；<br /><br />分析及解决：<br />1、基于 active: @profile.name@ 及启动日志信息，明确 springboot 启用了 @...@ 动态获取配置的意图；<br />2、检查 idea 中 maven 插件，确保有选中合适的 profile 选项（有必要到根 pom.xml 中检查对应项）；<br />&nbsp;2.a、若多选 maven 插件中的多个 profile 选项，则会按 pom.xml 中物理可用的最后一个来处理；<br />&nbsp;2.b、若全部不选、多选但全部没有对应项，则 @profile.name@ 无法被动态转译，进而保留不变；<br />3、在 maven 插件中选择 compile/package，随后 target/classes/application.yml 中查看结果；<br /><br />
参考：<br />1、<a href="https://blog.csdn.net/mofeimo110/article/details/131190273?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502" style="font-family: &quot;JetBrains Mono&quot;, monospace; font-size: 9.8pt;">while scanning for the next tokenfound character &#8216;@&#8216; that cannot start any token.</a><br />2、<span style="font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde; font-family: &quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&quot;, monospace;"></span><a href="https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaoxi666/p/15676529.html"><span style="font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde; font-family: &quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&quot;, monospace;">聊聊</span><span style="font-family: &quot;JetBrains Mono&quot;, monospace; font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde;"> SpringBoot </span><span style="font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde; font-family: &quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&quot;, monospace;">中的两种占位符：</span><span style="font-family: &quot;JetBrains Mono&quot;, monospace; font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde;">@*@ </span><span style="font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde; font-family: &quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&quot;, monospace;">和 </span><span style="font-family: &quot;JetBrains Mono&quot;, monospace; font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde;">${*}</span></a><span style="font-family: &quot;JetBrains Mono&quot;, monospace; font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde;"></span><br />3、<span style="font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde; font-family: &quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&quot;, monospace;"></span><a href="http://doc.yonyoucloud.com/doc/Spring-Boot-Reference-Guide/V.%20Spring%20Boot%20Actuator/40.4.1.%20Automatically%20expand%20info%20properties%20at%20build%20time.html"><span style="font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde; font-family: &quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&quot;, monospace;">在构建时期自动扩展</span><span style="font-family: &quot;JetBrains Mono&quot;, monospace; font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde;">info</span><span style="font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde; font-family: &quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&quot;, monospace;">属性</span></a><span style="font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde; font-family: &quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&quot;, monospace;"></span><br />4、<span style="font-family: &quot;JetBrains Mono&quot;, monospace; font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde;"></span><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/ZXY_9264_ANG/article/details/96996718"><span style="font-family: &quot;JetBrains Mono&quot;, monospace; font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde;">SpringBoot</span><span style="font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde; font-family: &quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&quot;, monospace;">配置文件</span></a><span style="font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde; font-family: &quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&quot;, monospace;"></span><br />5、<span style="font-family: &quot;JetBrains Mono&quot;, monospace; font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde;"></span><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/AIfurture/article/details/100532789"><span style="font-family: &quot;JetBrains Mono&quot;, monospace; font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde;">Spring Boot</span><span style="font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde; font-family: &quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&quot;, monospace;">中</span><span style="font-family: &quot;JetBrains Mono&quot;, monospace; font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde;">YAML</span><span style="font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde; font-family: &quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&quot;, monospace;">属性配置文件使用详解</span></a><span style="font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde; font-family: &quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&quot;, monospace;"></span><br />6、<span style="font-family: &quot;JetBrains Mono&quot;, monospace; font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde;"></span><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/zhengjf123/article/details/88389770"><span style="font-family: &quot;JetBrains Mono&quot;, monospace; font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde;">Spring boot2 </span><span style="font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde; font-family: &quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&quot;, monospace;">使用</span><span style="font-family: &quot;JetBrains Mono&quot;, monospace; font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde;">profile </span><span style="font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde; font-family: &quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&quot;, monospace;">配置多环境</span></a><span style="font-size: 9.8pt; color: #287bde; font-family: &quot;DejaVu Sans Mono&quot;, monospace;"></span><br />7、<span style="color: #287bde; font-family: &quot;JetBrains Mono&quot;, monospace; font-size: 9.8pt;"><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/pangdongh/article/details/105289199">Could not resolve placeholder &#8216;xxx&#8216; in value &#8220;${xxx}&#8220;</a></span><pre style="color: #a9b7c6; font-family: &quot;JetBrains Mono&quot;, monospace; font-size: 9.8pt;"><br /></pre><img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/aggbug/451185.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/" target="_blank">快车道</a> 2023-08-29 17:18 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/08/29/451185.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>【转】Ubuntu 22.04 网络连接失败（甚至设置中看不到设备）</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/08/14/451178.html</link><dc:creator>快车道</dc:creator><author>快车道</author><pubDate>Mon, 14 Aug 2023 12:49:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/08/14/451178.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/comments/451178.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/08/14/451178.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/comments/commentRss/451178.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/services/trackbacks/451178.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<div> 来源：</div><div>&nbsp; <a href="https://blog.csdn.net/Ghost_199503/article/details/128155001">Ubuntu 22.04重启后网络连接失败</a></div><div>&nbsp; <a href="https://zhangxueliang.blog.csdn.net/article/details/132103689">Linux Ubuntu22.04重启网卡命令ip link set enp8s0 down/up</a></div><div>&nbsp; <a href="https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43566496/article/details/129915300">linux debian/ubuntu RTL8111/8168/8411网卡驱动怎么正确安装？</a></div><div></div><div></div><div>相关命令：</div><div>&nbsp; sudo ip link&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 查看网络接口</div><div>&nbsp; sudo vi /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 临时对 netplan 改用 systemd-networkd 来替代默认的 network-manager</div><div>&nbsp; sudo netplan apply&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 启用新的配置</div><div>&nbsp; sudo netplan try&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 试验</div><div></div><div>&nbsp; 如果 ping www.baidu.com 成功，则可以运行 sudo apt install network-manager，并恢复 netplan 配置</div><div>&nbsp;</div><img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/aggbug/451178.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/" target="_blank">快车道</a> 2023-08-14 20:49 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/08/14/451178.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>【转】MySQL 一行数据 mysql一行数据转两列</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/07/17/451144.html</link><dc:creator>快车道</dc:creator><author>快车道</author><pubDate>Sun, 16 Jul 2023 23:35:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/07/17/451144.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/comments/451144.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/07/17/451144.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/comments/commentRss/451144.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/services/trackbacks/451144.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[来源：<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;<a title="MySQL 一行数据 mysql一行数据转两列" href="https://blog.51cto.com/u_16099346/6519340">MySQL 一行数据 mysql一行数据转两列<br /></a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a title="MySql 一行变多行(根据特定符号分割)" href="https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34832347/article/details/125807809">MySql 一行变多行(根据特定符号分割)<br /></a>&nbsp; <a title="MySQL数据库中将一条数据分成多条数据" href="https://blog.csdn.net/Wang_ZhongH/article/details/83184055">MySQL数据库中将一条数据分成多条数据</a>&nbsp;<img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/aggbug/451144.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/" target="_blank">快车道</a> 2023-07-17 07:35 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/07/17/451144.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>【转】oracle，mysql，h2的时间类型和函数 + 【转】group by ,having, 聚合函数的使用</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/06/29/451127.html</link><dc:creator>快车道</dc:creator><author>快车道</author><pubDate>Thu, 29 Jun 2023 11:39:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/06/29/451127.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/comments/451127.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/06/29/451127.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/comments/commentRss/451127.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/services/trackbacks/451127.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[来源：https://blog.csdn.net/ned_mahone/article/details/80081394<br />来源：https://blog.csdn.net/christine_ruan/article/details/7569782<img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/aggbug/451127.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/" target="_blank">快车道</a> 2023-06-29 19:39 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/06/29/451127.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>【转】spring.datasource.schema/data 根据官网深趴</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/06/29/451126.html</link><dc:creator>快车道</dc:creator><author>快车道</author><pubDate>Thu, 29 Jun 2023 04:28:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/06/29/451126.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/comments/451126.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/06/29/451126.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/comments/commentRss/451126.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/services/trackbacks/451126.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[来源：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41055045/article/details/122038093<br /><br />推荐适用于测试的 springboot 2.5 及以上版本中 application.yaml 配置示例：<br /><div># DataSource Config</div><div>spring:</div><div>&nbsp; datasource:</div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp; driver-class-name: org.h2.Driver</div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp; url: jdbc:h2:mem:test</div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp; username: root</div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp; password: test</div><div>&nbsp; sql:</div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp; init:</div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; schema-locations: classpath:db/schema-h2.sql</div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; data-locations: classpath:db/data-h2.sql</div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; mode: always<br /><br />不推荐的废弃配置方式：<br />spring:<br />&nbsp; datasource:<br />&nbsp; &nbsp; schema: classpath:db/schema-h2.sql<br />&nbsp; &nbsp; data: classpath:db/data-h2.sql</div><img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/aggbug/451126.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/" target="_blank">快车道</a> 2023-06-29 12:28 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/06/29/451126.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>【转】解决ubuntu22.04不能使用todesk问题（显示没有x11桌面）、Clonezilla再生龙备份与还原linux系统</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/06/21/451117.html</link><dc:creator>快车道</dc:creator><author>快车道</author><pubDate>Wed, 21 Jun 2023 09:45:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/06/21/451117.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/comments/451117.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/06/21/451117.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/comments/commentRss/451117.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/services/trackbacks/451117.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[来源：https://blog.csdn.net/crazyjinks/article/details/130017180<br /><br />Clonezilla再生龙备份与还原linux系统<br />来源：https://blog.csdn.net/wf19930209/article/details/100012611<br /><br />通过systemback制作系统镜像以及镜像安装，实现系统备份和复刻<br />来源：https://blog.csdn.net/wxh0000mm/article/details/122923111<img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/aggbug/451117.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/" target="_blank">快车道</a> 2023-06-21 17:45 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/06/21/451117.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>获取mysql的建表DDL</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/06/03/451093.html</link><dc:creator>快车道</dc:creator><author>快车道</author><pubDate>Sat, 03 Jun 2023 08:21:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/06/03/451093.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/comments/451093.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/06/03/451093.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/comments/commentRss/451093.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/services/trackbacks/451093.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<div> 方法一：执行SQL命令</div><div>&nbsp; SHOW CREATE TABLE table_name;</div><div></div><div>方法二：基于dbeaver工具（以下包含安装指令）</div><div>&nbsp; <code>sudo snap install dbeaver-ce</code></div><div><code>&nbsp; 启动dbeaver后配置连接，再选中指定表获取DDL</code></div><div><code><br /></code></div><div><code>以上两种方法都只是针对单表</code></div><div><code><br /></code></div><div><code>参考网页资源：</code></div><div><code>&nbsp;MySQL导出建表语句：一步到位（mysql导出建表语句）&nbsp; https://www.dbs724.com/74935.html<br /></code></div><img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/aggbug/451093.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/" target="_blank">快车道</a> 2023-06-03 16:21 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/06/03/451093.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>【转】git-github fork 后获取公开正式仓库（原始仓库）新分支（fork项目里同步他人新增分支的方法）</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/06/03/451092.html</link><dc:creator>快车道</dc:creator><author>快车道</author><pubDate>Sat, 03 Jun 2023 04:01:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/06/03/451092.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/comments/451092.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/06/03/451092.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/comments/commentRss/451092.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/services/trackbacks/451092.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[版权声明：本文为CSDN博主「西京刀客」的原创文章，遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。<br /><div>原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/inthat/article/details/124779375</div><div></div><div>0、背景</div><div>github fork了https://github.com/xxx/xxx.git后一段时间，同步更新正常。</div><div>当https://github.com/xxx/xxx.git新增了分支testbranch，如何持续一致地同步更新？</div><div>基于git标准，原始仓库为upstream，克隆仓库为origin：</div><div>&nbsp; upstrean: https://github.com/xxx/xxx.git</div><div>&nbsp; origin:&nbsp;&nbsp; https://github.com/yyy/xxx.git</div><div>git本地库:&nbsp;&nbsp; 当前仅知道origin，不知道upstream</div><div></div><div>1、查看本地的远端仓库，并添加 upstream 上游仓库</div><div>git remote -v</div><div>git remote add upstream https://github.com/xxx/xxx.git</div><div>git remote -v</div><div></div><div>2、直接从 upstream 获取新分支 testbranch 到本地</div><div>git fetch upstream</div><div>git checkout -b testbranch upstream/testbranch</div><div></div><div>3、推送本地的新分支 testbranch 到 origin 上游仓库</div><div>git push origin testbranch</div><div></div><div>4、在github中，可以查看到分支testbranch已经存在并与主库同步一致</div><div></div><img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/aggbug/451092.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/" target="_blank">快车道</a> 2023-06-03 12:01 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2023/06/03/451092.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>[转帖]职位、岗位与角色</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2009/09/16/295355.html</link><dc:creator>快车道</dc:creator><author>快车道</author><pubDate>Wed, 16 Sep 2009 10:04:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2009/09/16/295355.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/comments/295355.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2009/09/16/295355.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/comments/commentRss/295355.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/services/trackbacks/295355.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[对于人力资源管理者来说，职位（JOB）、岗位（POSITION）和角色（ROLE）几个概念往往混淆，其一是中文翻译的过程中，没有统一的标准，从而导致几个概念混淆，其二是对概念的含义的误解，希望通过本文的澄清，能对您认识这三者的关系有所裨益。<br />
1、&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 首先来澄清三者的译文：<br />
&nbsp; &nbsp; （1）JOB，有的文献和书籍译为&#8220;职务&#8221;、有的译为&#8220;岗位&#8221;，有的译为&#8220;职位&#8221;，在本文中统一译为&#8220;职位&#8221;。<br />
&nbsp; &nbsp; （2）POSITION，有的文献和书籍译为&#8220;职位&#8221;，有的译为&#8220;岗位&#8221;，在本文中统一译为&#8220;岗位&#8221;。<br />
&nbsp; &nbsp; （3）ROLE，一般被译为&#8220;角色&#8221;。<br />
&nbsp; &nbsp; 可以看出，由于翻译的原因，虽然看起来中文的名称一致，但实际应为含义就有差异了。<br />
&nbsp; &nbsp; 2、澄清三者的含义：<br />
&nbsp; &nbsp; （1）职位是按规定担任的工作或为实现某一目的而从事的明确的工作行为，由一组主要职责相似的岗位所组成。职位在任何时候都应根据组织机构的目标和流程而设置，不能因人来设置职位，也不能因任职者调离而舍弃该职位，它是组织机构的基本单位。 <br />
&nbsp; &nbsp; （2）岗位是组织要求个体完成的一项或多项责任以及为此赋予个体的权力的总和。一份职位一般是将某些任务、职责和责任组为一体而成；而一个岗位则是指由一个人来从事的工作。<br />
&nbsp; &nbsp; （3）&#8220;角色&#8221;一词的源于戏剧，自1934年米德（G.H.Mead）首先运用角色的概念来说明个体在社会舞台上的身份及其行以后，角色的概念被广泛应用于社会学与心理学的研究中。社会学对角色的定义是&#8220;与社会地位相一致的社会限度的特征和期望的集合体&#8221;。在企业管理中，组织对不同的员工有不同的期待和要求，就是企业中员工的角色。这种角色不是固定的，会随着企业的发展和企业管理的需要而不断变化，比如在项目管理中，某些项目成员可能是原职能部门的领导者，在项目团队中可能角色会变为服务者。角色是一个抽象的概念，不是具体的个人，它本质上反映一种社会关系，具体的个人是一定角色的扮演者。<br />
&nbsp; &nbsp; 3、三者关系探讨：<br />
&nbsp; &nbsp;（1） 职位和岗位的关系<br />
&nbsp; &nbsp; 岗位与人对应，只能由一个人担任，一个或若干个岗位的共性体现就是职位，即职位可以由一个或多个岗位组成。比如：制造型企业的生产部门的操作员是一个职位，这个职位有很多的岗位的员工担任，如果具体到某个工序的，就是岗位了，比如钻孔操作员，操作员的职位可能有钻孔操作员、层压操作员、丝印操作员等等岗位组成。对于组织而言，岗位和职位的演变是随着组织的不断扩大而不断产生的。其演变过程和逻辑关系如下：<br />
&nbsp; &nbsp; 要素（pactor）--活动（activity）--任务（tast）--职责（duty）--岗位（position）--职位（job） <br />
&nbsp; &nbsp; （2） 角色和职位、岗位的关系<br />
&nbsp; &nbsp; 角色可以由不同的职位和岗位担任，比如管理者角色，可以由某个职能部门的经理，也可以由某个能力达到了角色的要求的非管理职位的员工担任。最常见的就是在项目管理中的不同角色。比如：就上个例子中的钻孔操作员可能在某个工序改善项目组中扮演项目成员的角色。<br />
&nbsp; &nbsp; 从上面可以看出三者是有联系和区别的，在人力资源管理中，对三者的区分尤显必要，因为，这三者是人力资源管理中最基础的部分。对于人力资源管理者而言，职位、岗位和角色的综合表现形式就是相应的职位说明书、岗位说明书和角色说明书。前两种说明书大家已经不陌生了，而角色说明书将在未来组织形式中的显得越来越重要，尤其对于知识密集型企业来说，直线职能型的组织结构的弊端将导致企业越来越多的采用矩阵式的组织结构，对于这种组织结构而言，原有的职位说明书和岗位说明书已经不能起到有效的管理作用了，需要设计相应的角色说明书来对矩阵中的角色活动进行规范和明确。就好像给戏剧中演员的剧本一样，告诉演员如何扮演该角色。不同的演员看了剧本都可以很快就进入角色。对企业管理也是如此，角色说明书可以使员工更好的完成组织的期待和要求。<br />
<br />
来源：http://bbs.21manager.com/dispbbs-201203-1.html
<img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/aggbug/295355.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/" target="_blank">快车道</a> 2009-09-16 18:04 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/welldoer/archive/2009/09/16/295355.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item></channel></rss>