﻿<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:trackback="http://madskills.com/public/xml/rss/module/trackback/" xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/" xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/"><channel><title>语源科技BlogJava-sharajava</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/</link><description /><language>zh-cn</language><lastBuildDate>Tue, 28 Apr 2026 19:02:50 GMT</lastBuildDate><pubDate>Tue, 28 Apr 2026 19:02:50 GMT</pubDate><ttl>60</ttl><item><title>类的动态加载</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/archive/2006/07/27/60278.html</link><dc:creator>sharajava</dc:creator><author>sharajava</author><pubDate>Thu, 27 Jul 2006 01:06:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/archive/2006/07/27/60278.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/comments/60278.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/archive/2006/07/27/60278.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/comments/commentRss/60278.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/services/trackbacks/60278.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[
		<h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm">
				<font size="5">
						<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">问</span>
						<span lang="EN-US">: </span>
						<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">调用</span>
						<span lang="EN-US">Class.forName()</span>
						<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">与</span>
						<span lang="EN-US">ClassLoader.loadClass()</span>
						<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的区别在什么地方</span>
						<span lang="EN-US">?</span>
				</font>
		</h3>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">答</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">: </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这两方法都是通过一个给定的类名去定位和加载这个类名对应的</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">java.long.Class</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">类对象</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">. </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">尽管如此</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">, </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">它们的在行为方式上还是有区别的</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">. </span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 42.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">Ø<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">用哪个</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">java.lang.ClassLoader</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">进行加载</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">
						<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /?>
						<o:p>
						</o:p>
				</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 42.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">Ø<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">返回的</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">Class</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">对象是否被初始化</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">
						<o:p>
						</o:p>
				</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">Class.forName(String)</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">方法<span lang="EN-US">(</span>只有一个参数<span lang="EN-US">), </span>使用调用者的类加载器来加载<span lang="EN-US">, </span>也就是用加载了调用<span lang="EN-US">forName</span>方法的代码的那个类加载器<span lang="EN-US">. </span>相应的<span lang="EN-US">, ClassLoader.loadClass()</span>方法是一个实例方法<span lang="EN-US">(</span>非静态方法<span lang="EN-US">), </span>调用时需要自己指定类加载器<span lang="EN-US">, </span>那么这个类加载器就可能是也可能不是加载调用代码的类加载器<span lang="EN-US">. </span>如果用特定的类加载器来加载类在你的设计中占有比较重要的地位<span lang="EN-US">, </span>你就应该调用<span lang="EN-US">ClassLoader.loadClass(String)</span>方法或<span lang="EN-US">Class.forName(String, boolean, ClassLoader)</span>方法<span lang="EN-US">. <o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">
						<span style="mso-tab-count: 1">    </span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">另外<span lang="EN-US">, Class.forName()</span>方法对加载的类对象进行初始化<span lang="EN-US">. </span>可见的效果就是类中静态初始化段及字节码中对所有静态成员的初始工作的执行<span lang="EN-US">(</span>这个过程在类的所有父类中递归地调用<span lang="EN-US">). </span>这点就与<span lang="EN-US">ClassLoader.loadClass()</span>不同<span lang="EN-US">. ClassLoader.loadClass()</span>加载的类对象是在第一次被调用时才进行初始化的<span lang="EN-US">. <o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">
						<span style="mso-tab-count: 1">    </span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">你可以利用上述的差异<span lang="EN-US">. </span>比如<span lang="EN-US">,</span>要加载一个静态初始化开销很大的类<span lang="EN-US">, </span>你就可以选择提前加载该类<span lang="EN-US">(</span>以确保它在<span lang="EN-US">classpath</span>下<span lang="EN-US">), </span>但不进行初始化<span lang="EN-US">, </span>直到第一次使用该类的域或方法时才进行初始化<span lang="EN-US">. <o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">
						<span style="mso-tab-count: 1">    </span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">最常用的是<span lang="EN-US">Class.forName(String, boolean, ClassLoader). </span>设置第二个参数为<span lang="EN-US">false</span>即推迟初始化<span lang="EN-US">, </span>第三个参数指定要用来进行加载的类加载器<span lang="EN-US">. </span>我建议为了最大的灵活性使用这个方法<span lang="EN-US">. <o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<h2 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial">类初始化错误是难处理的</span>
		</h2>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">
						<span style="mso-tab-count: 1">    </span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">成功地加载了类<span lang="EN-US">, </span>并不意味着就不会有其它问题<span lang="EN-US">. </span>静态初始化代码可以抛出异常<span lang="EN-US">, </span>异常被包装到<span lang="EN-US">java.long.ExceptionInInitializerError</span>的实例中<span lang="EN-US">. </span>异常抛出后<span lang="EN-US">, </span>这个类将不可用<span lang="EN-US">. </span>这样<span lang="EN-US">, </span>如果你需要在代码中处理这些错误<span lang="EN-US">, </span>你就应该调用进行初始化的<span lang="EN-US">Class.forName()</span>方法<span lang="EN-US">. <o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">
						<span style="mso-tab-count: 1">    </span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">但进一步说<span lang="EN-US">, </span>如果你要处理<span lang="EN-US">ExceptionInInitializerError</span>并试图从错误中恢复<span lang="EN-US">, </span>很可能不如你想象的那样正常工作<span lang="EN-US">. </span>请看下面的示例代码<span lang="EN-US">:<o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="BACKGROUND: #eeeeee; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 12pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">
						<br />
				</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">public</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">class</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> Main<br />{<br />    </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">public</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">static</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">void</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> main (String [] args) </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">throws</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> Exception<br />    {<br />        </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">for</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> (</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">int</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> repeat = 0; repeat &lt; 3; ++ repeat)<br />        {<br />            </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">try</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">
						<br />            {<br />                </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: green; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">// "Real" name for X is outer class name+$+nested class name:<br /></span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">                Class.forName ("Main$X");<br />            }<br />            </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">catch</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> (Throwable t)<br />            {<br />                System.out.println ("load attempt #" + repeat + ":");<br />                t.printStackTrace (System.out);<br />            }<br />        }<br />    }<br /><br />    </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">private</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">static</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">class</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> X<br />    {<br />        </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">static</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">
						<br />        {<br />            </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">if</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> (++ s_count == 1)<br />                </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">throw</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">new</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> RuntimeException ("failing static initializer<?xml:namespace prefix = v ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" /?><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" stroked="f" filled="f" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" o:preferrelative="t" o:spt="75" coordsize="21600,21600"><v:stroke joinstyle="miter"></v:stroke><v:formulas><v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></v:f></v:formulas><v:path o:connecttype="rect" gradientshapeok="t" o:extrusionok="f"></v:path><o:lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit"></o:lock></v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" style="WIDTH: 11.25pt; HEIGHT: 15pt" alt="" type="#_x0000_t75"><v:imagedata o:href="/Images/dot.gif" src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image001.gif"></v:imagedata></v:shape>");<br />        }<br />        <br />    } </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: green; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">// End of nested class<br /></span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">
						<br />    </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">private</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">static</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">int</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> s_count;<br /><br />} </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: green; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">// End of class<br style="mso-special-character: line-break" /><br style="mso-special-character: line-break" /></span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">
						<o:p>
						</o:p>
				</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">
						<span style="mso-tab-count: 1">    </span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">上面的代码<span lang="EN-US">3</span>次尝试加载一个内部类<span lang="EN-US">X, </span>即便是<span lang="EN-US">X</span>的静态初始化只在每一次加载时失败<span lang="EN-US">, </span>这<span lang="EN-US">3</span>次加载都抛出了异常<span lang="EN-US">. <o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p>
				<font face="宋体">
						<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; BACKGROUND: #d9d9d9; mso-shading: white; mso-pattern: gray-15 auto">&gt;java Main<br />load attempt #0:<br />java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError<br />        at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)<br />        at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:140)<br />        at Main.main(Main.java:17)<br />Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: failing static initializer...<br />        at Main$X.&lt;clinit&gt;(Main.java:40)<br />        ... 3 more<br />load attempt #1:<br />java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError<br />        at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)<br />        at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:140)<br />        at Main.main(Main.java:17)<br />load attempt #2:<br />java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError<br />        at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)<br />        at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:140)<br />        at Main.main(Main.java:17)</span>
						<span lang="EN-US" style="BACKGROUND: #d9d9d9; mso-shading: white; mso-pattern: gray-15 auto">
								<o:p>
								</o:p>
						</span>
				</font>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">
						<span style="mso-tab-count: 1">    </span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">有点令人吃惊的时<span lang="EN-US">, </span>在第<span lang="EN-US">2, 3</span>次进行类加载时<span lang="EN-US">, </span>抛出的异常竟然是<span lang="EN-US">java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError. </span>这里发生的事情是<span lang="EN-US">, </span>第一次加载后<span lang="EN-US">(</span>在进行初始化之前<span lang="EN-US">), JVM</span>发现<span lang="EN-US">X</span>已经被加载<span lang="EN-US">, </span>而这个<span lang="EN-US">X</span>的类实例在加载它的类加载器被垃圾回收之前是不会被卸载的<span lang="EN-US">. </span>所以这之后的对<span lang="EN-US">Class.forName()</span>的调用时<span lang="EN-US">, JVM</span>不会再尝试进行初始化的工作<span lang="EN-US">, </span>但是<span lang="EN-US">, </span>更令人不解的是<span lang="EN-US">, </span>抛出一个<span lang="EN-US">NoClassDefFoundError. <o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">
						<span style="mso-tab-count: 1">    </span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">卸载这样的类的方法是丢弃原来加载该类的类加载器实例并重新创建一个<span lang="EN-US">. </span>当然<span lang="EN-US">, </span>这只能是在你使用了<span lang="EN-US">Class.forName(String, boolean, ClassLoader)</span>这个<span lang="EN-US">3</span>参数的方法的时候才能办到<span lang="EN-US">.<o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<h2 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial">隐藏的</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">
						<font face="Arial">Class.forName()</font>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial">方法</span>
		</h2>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">
						<span style="mso-tab-count: 1">    </span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">你一定用过<span lang="EN-US">Java</span>中<span lang="EN-US">X.class</span>的语法去获取一个在编译器就知道名字的类对象实例<span lang="EN-US">. </span>在字节码的层次上<span lang="EN-US">, </span>这一点是如何实现的就不被人熟知了<span lang="EN-US">. </span>不同的编译器有不同的实例细节<span lang="EN-US">, </span>但共同点是<span lang="EN-US">, </span>所有编译器所相应产生的代码都是调用的<span lang="EN-US">Class.forName(String)</span>这一个参数的方法<span lang="EN-US">. </span>比如<span lang="EN-US">J2SE <?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /?><st1:chsdate w:st="on" year="1899" month="12" day="30" islunardate="False" isrocdate="False">1.4.1</st1:chsdate></span>的<span lang="EN-US">javac</span>就把<span lang="EN-US">Class cls = X.class; </span>翻译成如下等价的形式<span lang="EN-US">:<o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="BACKGROUND: #eeeeee; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 12pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <v:shape id="_x0000_i1026" style="WIDTH: 11.25pt; HEIGHT: 15pt" alt="" type="#_x0000_t75"><v:imagedata o:href="/Images/dot.gif" src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image001.gif"></v:imagedata></v:shape><br />        </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: green; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">// This is how "Class cls = X.class" is transformed:<br /></span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">        </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">if</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> (</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">class</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">$Main$X == </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">null</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">)<br />        {<br />            </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">class</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">$Main$X = </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">class</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">$ ("Main$X");<br />        }<br />        Class cls = </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">class</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">$Main$X;<br /><br />    <v:shape id="_x0000_i1027" style="WIDTH: 11.25pt; HEIGHT: 15pt" alt="" type="#_x0000_t75"><v:imagedata o:href="/Images/dot.gif" src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image001.gif"></v:imagedata></v:shape><br /><br />    </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">static</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> Class </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">class</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">$ (String s)<br />    {<br />        </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">try</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">
						<br />        {<br />            </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">return</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> Class.forName (s);<br />        }<br />        </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">catch</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> (ClassNotFoundException e)<br />        {<br />            </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">throw</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">new</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> NoClassDefFoundError (e.getMessage());<br />        }<br />    }<br /><br />    </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">static</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> Class </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">class</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">$Main$X; </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: green; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">// A synthetic field created by the compiler</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">
						<o:p>
						</o:p>
				</span>
		</p>
		<h2 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial">跟</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">
						<font face="Arial">Sun</font>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial">的</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">
						<font face="Arial">javac</font>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial">开个玩笑</span>
		</h2>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">从上面的例子你可以看到<span lang="EN-US">, </span>编译器调用<span lang="EN-US">Class.forName()</span>方法加载类对象<span lang="EN-US">, </span>并将其缓存到一个包内可见的静态变量中<span lang="EN-US">. </span>这种令人费解的实现方式的可能是因为在早期版本的<span lang="EN-US">Java</span>中<span lang="EN-US">, </span>这种<span lang="EN-US">X.class</span>的语法还未被支持<span lang="EN-US">, <span style="COLOR: #ffcc00">so the feature was added on top of the Java 1.0 byte-code instruction set</span>.(???)<o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">利用这一点<span lang="EN-US">, </span>你可以在编译器的开销上做一些有趣的事情<span lang="EN-US">. </span>用<span lang="EN-US">J2SE <st1:chsdate w:st="on" year="1899" month="12" day="30" islunardate="False" isrocdate="False">1.3.1</st1:chsdate></span>编译下面的代码片段<span lang="EN-US">: <o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="BACKGROUND: #eeeeee; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">public</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">class</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <st1:place w:st="on">Main</st1:place><br />{<br />    </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">public</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">static</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">void</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> main (String [] args) </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">throws</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> Exception<br />    {<br />        System.out.println ("String class: " + String.</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">class</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">);<br />        </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">class</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">$java$lang$String = </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">int</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">.</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">class</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">;<br />        System.out.println ("String class: " + String.</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">class</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">);<br />    }<br />    <br />    </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">static</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> Class </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">class</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">$java$lang$String;<br /><br />} </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: green; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">// End of class</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">
						<o:p>
						</o:p>
				</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">运行它<span lang="EN-US">, </span>你会得到下面这个很荒谬的输出结果<span lang="EN-US">: <o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="BACKGROUND: #d9d9d9; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-shading: white; mso-pattern: gray-15 auto">&gt;java <st1:place w:st="on">Main</st1:place><o:p></o:p></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 5.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: .5">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="BACKGROUND: #d9d9d9; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-shading: white; mso-pattern: gray-15 auto">String class: class java.lang.String<o:p></o:p></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 5.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: .5">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="BACKGROUND: #d9d9d9; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-shading: white; mso-pattern: gray-15 auto">String class: int<o:p></o:p></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">在<span lang="EN-US">J2SE <st1:chsdate w:st="on" year="1899" month="12" day="30" islunardate="False" isrocdate="False">1.4.1</st1:chsdate></span>中<span lang="EN-US">, </span>上面的代码将不能被编译通过<span lang="EN-US">, </span>但你仍然可以用反射的方式戏弄它<span lang="EN-US">: <o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="BACKGROUND: #eeeeee; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">public</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">static</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">void</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> main (String [] args) </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">throws</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> Exception<br />    {<br />        System.out.println ("String class: " + String.</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">class</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">);<br />        Main.</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">class</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">.getDeclaredField ("class$java$lang$String").set (</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">null</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">, </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">int</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">.</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">class</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">);<br />        System.out.println ("String class: " + String.</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">class</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">);<br />    }</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">
						<o:p>
						</o:p>
				</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">
						<o:p> </o:p>
				</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">
						<span style="mso-tab-count: 1">    </span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">综上所述<span lang="EN-US">, </span>下次你再调用<span lang="EN-US">Class.forName()</span>方法时<span lang="EN-US">, </span>你应该知道它的局限性可选的替代方案了<span lang="EN-US">. <o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">
						<o:p> </o:p>
				</span>
		</p>
		<p> </p>
<img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/aggbug/60278.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/" target="_blank">sharajava</a> 2006-07-27 09:06 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/archive/2006/07/27/60278.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>JBoss MBean服务加载过程</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/archive/2006/07/25/59952.html</link><dc:creator>sharajava</dc:creator><author>sharajava</author><pubDate>Tue, 25 Jul 2006 03:18:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/archive/2006/07/25/59952.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/comments/59952.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/archive/2006/07/25/59952.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/comments/commentRss/59952.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/services/trackbacks/59952.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[
		<a href="/images/blogjava_net/sharajava/13416/o_start-jboss-mbean-service.JPG">http://www.blogjava.net/images/blogjava_net/sharajava/13416/o_start-jboss-mbean-service.JPG</a>  <br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /?><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">1.<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">      </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">前缀<span lang="EN-US">1.1</span>的方法<span lang="EN-US">, </span>代表加载和解析<span lang="EN-US">XML</span>服务描述文件的过程<span lang="EN-US">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">2.<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">      </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">前缀<span lang="EN-US">1.2</span>的方法<span lang="EN-US">, </span>代表对<span lang="EN-US">XML</span>服务描述文件中类路径条目的处理<span lang="EN-US">. </span>这个过程创建独立的部署<span lang="EN-US">, </span>使得<span lang="EN-US">jar</span>和类目录对于相应的统一类加载器<span lang="EN-US">(UnifiedClassLoader)</span>可用<span lang="EN-US">. </span>这个<span lang="EN-US">UnifiedClassLoader</span>是注册到统一的类加载器仓库中的<span lang="EN-US">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">3.<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">      </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">前缀<span lang="EN-US">1.3</span>的方法<span lang="EN-US">, </span>代表处理服务描述文件中定义的本地目录条目的过程<span lang="EN-US">. </span>这个过程把在路径属性中指定的<span lang="EN-US">SAR</span>相关条目复制一份到<span lang="EN-US">server/&lt;config&gt;/db</span>目录下<span lang="EN-US">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">4.<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">      </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">方法<span lang="EN-US">1.4, </span>代表对已经部署的服务中嵌套的可部单元的部署过程<span lang="EN-US">. </span>子部署项目被创建并被加入到服务部署信息的子部署项列表中<span lang="EN-US">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">5.<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">      </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">方法<span lang="EN-US">2.1, SAR</span>部署单元相应的<span lang="EN-US">UnifiedClassLoader(</span>本身也是<span lang="EN-US">MBean)</span>被注册到<span lang="EN-US">MBean Server</span>上<span lang="EN-US">, </span>这样它就可以被用来加载<span lang="EN-US">SAR</span>中的<span lang="EN-US">MBean</span>了<span lang="EN-US">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">6.<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">      </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">方法<span lang="EN-US">2.2, </span>创建<span lang="EN-US">XML</span>服务描述文件中定义的每个<span lang="EN-US">MBean</span>并用描述文件中给定的值初始化其属性<span lang="EN-US">. </span>这些工作通过调用<span lang="EN-US">ServiceController</span>的<span lang="EN-US">install(Element, ObjectName)</span>方法来完成的<span lang="EN-US">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">7.<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">      </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">方法<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /?><st1:chsdate w:st="on" year="1899" month="12" day="30" islunardate="False" isrocdate="False"><span lang="EN-US">2.4.1</span></st1:chsdate><span lang="EN-US">, </span>对于前面步骤中创建好的每个<span lang="EN-US">MBean</span>实例<span lang="EN-US">, </span>获取其<span lang="EN-US">JMX</span>对象名并由<span lang="EN-US">ServiceController</span>处理服务生命周期中的<span lang="EN-US">create</span>步骤<span lang="EN-US">. ServiceController</span>处理<span lang="EN-US">MBean</span>服务的依赖关系<span lang="EN-US">, </span>只有当所有依赖都满足时<span lang="EN-US">, create</span>方法才会被调用<span lang="EN-US">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">8.<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">      </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">前缀<span lang="EN-US">3.1</span>的方法<span lang="EN-US">, </span>代表<span lang="EN-US">MBean</span>实例的起动过程<span lang="EN-US">. </span>对于创建好的每个<span lang="EN-US">MBean</span>实例<span lang="EN-US">, </span>获取其<span lang="EN-US">JMX</span>对象名并由<span lang="EN-US">ServiceController</span>处理服务生命周期中的<span lang="EN-US">start</span>步骤<span lang="EN-US">. ServiceController</span>处理<span lang="EN-US">MBean</span>服务的依赖关系<span lang="EN-US">, </span>只有当所有依赖都满足时<span lang="EN-US">, start</span>方法才会被调用<span lang="EN-US">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/aggbug/59952.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/" target="_blank">sharajava</a> 2006-07-25 11:18 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/archive/2006/07/25/59952.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>走出ClassLoader迷局</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/archive/2006/07/25/59946.html</link><dc:creator>sharajava</dc:creator><author>sharajava</author><pubDate>Tue, 25 Jul 2006 03:04:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/archive/2006/07/25/59946.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/comments/59946.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/archive/2006/07/25/59946.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>1</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/comments/commentRss/59946.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/services/trackbacks/59946.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[
		<h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm">
				<font size="5">
						<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">问</span>
						<span lang="EN-US">: </span>
						<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我什么时候应该使用</span>
						<span lang="EN-US">Thread.getContextClassLoader()? </span>
				</font>
		</h3>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">答</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">: </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这个问题经常出现在编写框架代码</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">, </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">需要动态加载很多类和资源的时候</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">. </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">通常当你需要动态加载资源的时候</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">, </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">你至少有三个</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">ClassLoader</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">可以选择</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">: </span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 42.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">²<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">        </span></span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">系统类加载器或叫作应用类加载器</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">(system classloader or application classloader)</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 42.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">²<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">        </span></span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当前类加载器</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 42.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">²<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">        </span></span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当前线程类加载器</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上面的问题指的是最后一种类加载器</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">. </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">哪种类加载器是正确的选择呢</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">?</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第一种选择可以很容易地排除</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">: </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">系统类加载器</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">(system classloader). </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这个类加载器处理</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">-classpath</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">下的类加载工作</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">, </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">可以通过</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader()</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">方法调用</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">. ClassLoader</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">下所有的</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">getSystemXXX()</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的静态方法都是通过这个方法定义的</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">. </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在你的代码中</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">, </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">你应该尽量少地调用这个方法</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">,</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">以其它的类加载器作为代理</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">. </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">否则你的代码将只能工作在简单的命令行应用中</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">, </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这个时候系统类加载器</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">(system classloader)</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">JVM</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">最后创建的类加载器</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">. </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一但你把代码移到</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">EJB, Web</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">应用或</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">Java Web Start</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">应用中</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">, </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一定会出问题</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">. </span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span lang="EN-US">
						<span style="mso-tab-count: 1">      </span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所以我们来看第二种选择</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">: </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当前上下文环境下的类加载器</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">. </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">根据定义</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">, </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当前类加载器就是你当前方法所属的类的加载器</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">. </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在运行时类之间动态联编</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">, </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">及调用</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">Class.forName,() Class.getResource()</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">等类似方法时</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">, </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这个类加载器会被隐含地使用</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">. </span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #ffcc00; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">It is also used by syntactic constructs like X.class class literals.</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">
						<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /?>
						<o:p>
						</o:p>
				</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">
						<span style="mso-tab-count: 1">    </span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">线程上下文类型加载器是在<span lang="EN-US">Java 2</span>平台上被引入的<span lang="EN-US">. </span>每一个线程都有一个类加载器与之对应<span lang="EN-US">(</span>除非这个线程是被本地代码创建的<span lang="EN-US">). </span>这个类加载器是通过<span lang="EN-US">Thread.setContextClassLoaser()</span>方法设置的<span lang="EN-US">. </span>如果你不在线程构造后调用这个方法<span lang="EN-US">, </span>这个线程将从它的父线程中继承相应的上下文类加载器<span lang="EN-US">. </span>如果在整个应用中你不做任何特殊设置<span lang="EN-US">, </span>所有的线程将都以系统类加载器<span lang="EN-US">(system classloader)</span>作为自己的线程上下文类加载器<span lang="EN-US">. </span>自从<span lang="EN-US">Web</span>和<span lang="EN-US">J2EE</span>应用服务器使用成熟的类加载器机制来实现诸如<span lang="EN-US">JNDI, </span>线程池<span lang="EN-US">, </span>组件热部署等功能以来<span lang="EN-US">, </span>这种在整个应用中不做任何线程类加载器设置的情况就很少了<span lang="EN-US">.<o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">
						<span style="mso-tab-count: 1">    </span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">为什么线程上下文类加载器存在于如此重要的位置呢<span lang="EN-US">? </span>这个概念在<span lang="EN-US">J2SE</span>中的引入并不引人注目<span lang="EN-US">. </span>很多开发人员对这一概念迷惑的原因是<span lang="EN-US">Sun</span>公司在这方面缺乏适当的指引和文档<span lang="EN-US">. <o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">
						<span style="mso-tab-count: 1">    </span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">事实上<span lang="EN-US">, </span>上下文类加载器提供了类加载机制的后门<span lang="EN-US">, </span>这一点也在<span lang="EN-US">J2SE</span>中被引入了<span lang="EN-US">. </span>通常<span lang="EN-US">, </span>在<span lang="EN-US">JVM</span>中的所有类加载器被组织成了有继承层次的结构<span lang="EN-US">, </span>每一个类加载器<span lang="EN-US">(</span>除了引导<span lang="EN-US">JVM</span>的原始类加载器<span lang="EN-US">)</span>都有一个父加载器<span lang="EN-US">. </span>每当被请示加载类时<span lang="EN-US">, </span>类加载器都会首先请求其父类加载器<span lang="EN-US">, </span>只有当父类加载器不能加载时<span lang="EN-US">, </span>才会自己进行类加载<span lang="EN-US">.<o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">
						<span style="mso-tab-count: 1">   </span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">有时候这种类加载的顺序安排不能正常工作<span lang="EN-US">, </span>通常当必须动态加载应用程序开发人员提供的资源的时候<span lang="EN-US">. </span>以<span lang="EN-US">JNDI</span>为例<span lang="EN-US">: </span>它的内容<span lang="EN-US">(</span>从<span lang="EN-US">J2SE1.3</span>开始<span lang="EN-US">)</span>就在<span lang="EN-US">rt.jar</span>中的引导类中实现了<span lang="EN-US">, </span>但是这些<span lang="EN-US">JNDI</span>核心类需要动态加载由独立厂商实现并部署在应用程序的<span lang="EN-US">classpath</span>下的<span lang="EN-US">JNDI</span>提供者<span lang="EN-US">. </span>这种情况就要求一个父<span lang="EN-US">classloader(</span>本例<span lang="EN-US">, </span>就是引导类加载器<span lang="EN-US">)</span>去加载对于它其中一个子<span lang="EN-US">classloader(</span>本例<span lang="EN-US">, </span>系统类加载器<span lang="EN-US">)</span>可见的类<span lang="EN-US">. </span>这时通常的类加载代理机制不能实现这个要求<span lang="EN-US">. </span>解决的办法<span lang="EN-US">(workaround)</span>就是<span lang="EN-US">, </span>让<span lang="EN-US">JNDI</span>核心类使用当前线程上下文的类加载器<span lang="EN-US">, </span>这样<span lang="EN-US">, </span>就基本的类加载代理机制的相反方向建立了一条有效的途径<span lang="EN-US">. <o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">
						<span style="mso-tab-count: 1">    </span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">另外<span lang="EN-US">, </span>上面一段可能让你想起一些其它的事情<span lang="EN-US">: XML</span>解析<span lang="EN-US">Java API(JAXP). </span>是的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>当<span lang="EN-US">JAXP</span>只是<span lang="EN-US">J2SE</span>的扩展进<span lang="EN-US">, </span>它很自然地用当前类加载器来引导解析器的实现<span lang="EN-US">. </span>而当<span lang="EN-US">JAXP</span>被加入到<span lang="EN-US">J2SE1.4</span>的核心类库中时<span lang="EN-US">, </span>它的类加载也就改成了用当前线程类加载器<span lang="EN-US">, </span>与<span lang="EN-US">JNDI</span>的情况完全类似<span lang="EN-US">(</span>也使很多程序员很迷惑<span lang="EN-US">). </span>明白为什么我说来自<span lang="EN-US">Sun</span>的指导很缺乏了吧<span lang="EN-US">?<o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">
						<span style="mso-tab-count: 1">   </span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">在以上的介绍之后<span lang="EN-US">, </span>我们来看关键问题<span lang="EN-US">: </span>这两种选择<span lang="EN-US">(</span>当前类加载器和当前线程类加载器<span lang="EN-US">)</span>都不是在所有环境下都适用<span lang="EN-US">. </span>有些人认为当前线程类加载器应该成为新的标准策略<span lang="EN-US">. </span>但是<span lang="EN-US">, </span>如果这样<span lang="EN-US">, </span>当多个线程通过共享数据进行交互的时<span lang="EN-US">, </span>将会呈现出一幅极其复杂的类加载的画面<span lang="EN-US">, </span>除非它们全部使用了同一个上下文的类加载器<span lang="EN-US">. </span>进一步说<span lang="EN-US">, </span>在某些遗留下来的解决方案中<span lang="EN-US">, </span>委派到当前类加载器的方法已经是标准<span lang="EN-US">. </span>比如对<span lang="EN-US">Class.forName(String)</span>的直接调用<span lang="EN-US">(</span>这也是我为什么推荐尽量避免对这个方法进行调用的原因<span lang="EN-US">). </span>即使你努力去只调用上下文相关的类加载器<span lang="EN-US">, </span>仍然会有一些代码会不由你控制<span lang="EN-US">. </span>这种不受控制的类加载委派机制是混入是很危险的<span lang="EN-US">. <o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">
						<span style="mso-tab-count: 1">    </span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">更严重的问题<span lang="EN-US">, </span>某些应用服务器把环境上下文及当前类加载器设置到不同的类加载器实例上<span lang="EN-US">, </span>而这些类加载器有相同的类路径但却没有委派机制中的父子关系<span lang="EN-US">. </span>想想这为什么十分可怕<span lang="EN-US">. </span>要知道类加载器定义并加载的类实例会带有一个<span lang="EN-US">JVM</span>内部的<span lang="EN-US">ID</span>号<span lang="EN-US">. </span>如果当前类加载器加载一个类<span lang="EN-US">X</span>的实例<span lang="EN-US">, </span>这个实例调用<span lang="EN-US">JNDI</span>查找类<span lang="EN-US">Y</span>的实例<span lang="EN-US">, </span>些时的上下文的类加载器也可以定义了加载类<span lang="EN-US">Y</span>实例<span lang="EN-US">. </span>这个类<span lang="EN-US">Y</span>的定义就与当前类加载器看到的类<span lang="EN-US">Y</span>的定义不同<span lang="EN-US">. </span>如果进行强制类型转换<span lang="EN-US">, </span>则产生异常<span lang="EN-US">. <o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">
						<span style="mso-tab-count: 1">   </span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">这种混乱的情况还将在<span lang="EN-US">Java</span>中存在一段时间<span lang="EN-US">. </span>对于那些需要动态加载资源的<span lang="EN-US">J2SE</span>的<span lang="EN-US">API, </span>我们来猜想它们的类加策略<span lang="EN-US">. </span>例如<span lang="EN-US">:<o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 42.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">Ø<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span>
				</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">JNDI</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">使用线程上下文类加载器<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 42.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">Ø<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span>
				</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">Class.getResource()</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">和<span lang="EN-US">Class.forName()</span>使用当前类加载器<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 42.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">Ø<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span>
				</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">JAXP(J2SE 1.4</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">及之后<span lang="EN-US">)</span>使用线程上下文类加载器<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 42.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">Ø<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span>
				</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">java.util.ResourceBundle</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">使用调用者的当前类加载器<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 42.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #ffcc00; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">Ø<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span>
				</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #ffcc00; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">URL protocol handlers specified via java.protocol.handler.pkgs system property are looked up in the bootstrap and system classloaders only<o:p></o:p></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 42.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">Ø<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span>
				</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">Java</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">序列化<span lang="EN-US">API</span>默认使用调用者当前的类加载器<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">这些类及资源的加载策略问题<span lang="EN-US">, </span>肯定是<span lang="EN-US">J2SE</span>领域中文档最及说明最缺乏的部分了<span lang="EN-US">.<o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
<img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/aggbug/59946.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/" target="_blank">sharajava</a> 2006-07-25 11:04 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/archive/2006/07/25/59946.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>JBoss启动过程(译)</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/archive/2006/07/21/59332.html</link><dc:creator>sharajava</dc:creator><author>sharajava</author><pubDate>Fri, 21 Jul 2006 00:27:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/archive/2006/07/21/59332.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/comments/59332.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/archive/2006/07/21/59332.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/comments/commentRss/59332.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/services/trackbacks/59332.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">1.<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">      </span></span>
				</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">org.jboss.Main.main(String[])</span>
				<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">为入口<span lang="EN-US">.<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /?><o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">2.<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">      </span></span>
				</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">main</span>
				<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">函数创建一个名叫<span lang="EN-US">”jboss”</span>的线程组<span lang="EN-US">, </span>然后创建一个属于该组的线程<span lang="EN-US">, </span>在线程中执行<span lang="EN-US">boot</span>方法<span lang="EN-US">.<o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">3.<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">      </span></span>
				</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">boot</span>
				<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">方法首先处理<span lang="EN-US">main</span>函数中的参数<span lang="EN-US">(</span>及一些其它的系统环境设置<span lang="EN-US">), </span>接着就用系统的属性创建了<span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #99cc00">org.jboss.system.server.ServerLoader</span>实例<span lang="EN-US">[<span style="COLOR: maroon">new</span> ServerLoader(<span style="COLOR: blue">props</span>)]. <o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">4.<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">      </span></span>
				</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">ServerLoader</span>
				<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">注册<span lang="EN-US">Jboss</span>相关的类路径<span lang="EN-US">, </span>包括<span lang="EN-US">XML</span>解析器<span lang="EN-US">, jboss-jmx.jar, concurrent.jar</span>及其它的一些额外的类路径<span lang="EN-US">.<o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">5.<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">      </span></span>
				</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">ServerLoader</span>
				<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">通过<span lang="EN-US">load(ClassLoader)</span>方法创建<span lang="EN-US">Jboss Server</span>实例<span lang="EN-US">. </span>参数<span lang="EN-US">ClassLoader</span>是<span lang="EN-US">ClassLoader parentCL = Thread.currentThread(). getContextClassLoader( )</span>得到的当前线程的类加载器<span lang="EN-US">. </span>创建的<span lang="EN-US">Server</span>实例是<span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #99cc00">org.jboss.system.server.Server</span>接口的实现<span lang="EN-US">. load(ClassLoader)</span>方法的细节<span lang="EN-US">:<o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 42.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">Ø<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">        </span></span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">用<span lang="EN-US">jar</span>包及在<span lang="EN-US">ServerLoader</span>中注册的类路径创建一个<span lang="EN-US">URLClassLoader</span>的实例<span lang="EN-US">, </span>把传入的<span lang="EN-US">ClassLoader</span>作为该<span lang="EN-US">URLClassLoader</span>的<span lang="EN-US">parent. <o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 42.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">Ø<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">        </span></span>
				</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Server</span>
				<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">接口的实现类由系统属性 <span lang="EN-US">jboss.server.type</span>决定<span lang="EN-US">, </span>默认是<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">      </span><span style="COLOR: #99cc00">org.jboss.system.server.ServerImpl</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 42.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">Ø<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">        </span></span>
				</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">URLClassLoader</span>
				<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">通过无参构造函数加载<span lang="EN-US">Server</span>接口实现的实例<span lang="EN-US">. </span>在加载前把当前线程的类加载器置为该<span lang="EN-US">URLClassLoader, </span>在加载完成后再置回之前传入的<span lang="EN-US">ClassLoader. <o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">6.<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">      </span></span>
				</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Server</span>
				<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">实例用系统属性进行初始化<span lang="EN-US">[server.init(<span style="COLOR: blue">props</span>)].<o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">7.<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">      </span></span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">服务起动<span lang="EN-US">[server.start()]. </span>起动过程的默认实现如下<span lang="EN-US">:<o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 42.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">Ø<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">        </span></span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">把当前线程类型加载器置为加载该<span lang="EN-US">Server</span>接口实现实例的<span lang="EN-US">ClassLoader.<o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 42.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">Ø<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">        </span></span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">在<span lang="EN-US">jboss</span>域内<span lang="EN-US">, </span>通过<span lang="EN-US">MBeanServerFactory</span>的<span lang="EN-US">createMBeanServer(String)</span>方法创建<span lang="EN-US">MbeanServer</span>实例<span lang="EN-US">. <o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 42.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">Ø<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">        </span></span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">在<span lang="EN-US">MBean Server</span>上注册<span lang="EN-US">ServerImpl</span>和<span lang="EN-US">ServerConfigImpl</span>两个<span lang="EN-US">MBean.<o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 42.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">Ø<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">        </span></span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">初始化统一的类加载仓库<span lang="EN-US">(unified class loader repository), </span>用来装载服务器配置目录及其它可选目录下的<span lang="EN-US">jar</span>文件<span lang="EN-US">. </span>对于每一个<span lang="EN-US">jar</span>文件和类目录都会创建一个相应的<span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #99cc00">org.jboss.jmx.loading.UnifiedClassLoader</span>实例<span lang="EN-US">, </span>并且注册到统一的仓库中<span lang="EN-US">. </span>其中一个<span lang="EN-US">UnifiedClassLoader</span>实例会被设置为当前线程上下文的<span lang="EN-US">ClassLoader. [?: <span style="COLOR: #ffcc00">This effectively makes allUnifiedClassLoaders available through the thread context class loader.</span>]<o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 42.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">Ø<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">        </span></span>
				</span>
				<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">接下来创建<span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #99cc00">org.jboss.system.ServiceController</span>的<span lang="EN-US">MBean</span>实例<span lang="EN-US">. ServiceController</span>管理<span lang="EN-US">JBoss MBean</span>服务的生命周期<span lang="EN-US">. <o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 42.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">Ø<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">        </span></span>
				</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #99cc00; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">org.jboss.deployment.MainDeployer</span>
				<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">实例被创建并起动<span lang="EN-US">. MainDeployer</span>管理部署的依赖和部署的定向<span lang="EN-US">. <o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 42.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">Ø<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">        </span></span>
				</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #99cc00; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">org.jboss.deployment.</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">
				</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #99cc00; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">JARDeployer</span>
				<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">实例被创建并起动<span lang="EN-US">. JARDeployer</span>处理<span lang="EN-US">jar</span>包的部署<span lang="EN-US">.<o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 42.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">Ø<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">        </span></span>
				</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #99cc00; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">org.jboss.deployment.</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">
				</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #99cc00; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">SARDeployer</span>
				<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">实例被创建并起动<span lang="EN-US">. SARDeployer</span>处理<span lang="EN-US">JBoss MBean</span>服务的部署<span lang="EN-US">.<o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 42.0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings">
						<span style="mso-list: Ignore">Ø<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">        </span></span>
				</span>
				<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">MainDeployer</span>
				<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">对当前服务器文件环境里<span lang="EN-US">conf/jboss-service.xml</span>定义的服务进行部署<span lang="EN-US">.<o:p></o:p></span></span>
		</p>
		<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">启动过程结束<span lang="EN-US">. </span>把当前线程上下文类加载器置回为起动前的<span lang="EN-US">ClassLoader.</span></span>
<img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/aggbug/59332.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/" target="_blank">sharajava</a> 2006-07-21 08:27 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/sharajava/archive/2006/07/21/59332.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item></channel></rss>