StackOverflow 上有位网友（xenoterracide）提问：

　　我正试着搜集整理一个可在网上免费阅读的计算机编程书籍列表。这些书可以是某种特定编程语言，也可以计算机方面通用书籍。网上有哪些免费可用的书籍呢？

　　下面是一些网友在回复中的推荐资源，其中有视频、大学课程、编程语言教程网站，由伯乐在线整理编译。

　　一、George Stocker 提供了一大串，分类如下：

　　Meta-Lists

　　How to Design Programs: An Introduction to Computing and Programming

　　25 Free Computer Science Ebooks

　　Free Tech Books

　　MindView Inc

　　Wikibooks: Programming

　　Cheat Sheets (Free)

　　CodePlex List of Free E-Books

　　Book Training – On Video!

　　Sofware Program Managers Network – Free EBooks

　　EBook Share @ linbai.info

　　FreeBooksClub.Net

　　Theassayer.org

　　O’Reilly’s Open Books Project

　　TechBooksForFree.com

　　Galileo Computing (德语)

　　Microsoft Press: Free E-Books

　　Graphics Programming 图形编程

　　GPU Gems

　　GPU Gems 2 – ch 8,14,18,29,30 as pdf

　　GPU Gems 3

　　Graphics Programming Black Book

　　ShaderX series

　　DirectX manual (draft)

　　Learning Modern 3D Graphics Programming (draft)

　　Language Agnostic

　　Object-Oriented Reengineering Patterns

　　Foundations of Programming

　　Computer Musings (由唐纳德·克努斯授课)

　　The Cathedral and the Bazaar

　　Patterns and Practices: Application Architecture Guide 2.0

　　Security Engineering

　　Digital Signal Processing For Engineers and Scientists

　　Getting Real

　　Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs

　　Domain Driven Design Quickly

　　OO Design

　　Best Kept Secrets of Peer Code Review

　　NASA Software Measurement Handbook

　　NASA Manager Handbook for Software Development (PDF)

　　Introduction to Functional Programming (经典课程)

　　How to Design Programs

　　Guide to the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge

　　Online Course Materials

　　Algorithms (draft)

　　Data Structures and Algorithms

　　Essential Skills for Agile Development

　　Programming Languages: Application and Interpretation

　　Learn to Program

　　Patterns of Software: Tales from the Software Community (PDF)

　　How to write Unmaintainable Code

　　The Art of Unix Programming 《UNIX 编程艺术》

　　The Definitive Guide to Building Code Quality

　　How to Think Like a Computer Scientist

　　Planning Algorithms

　　Mathematical Logic – an Introduction (PDF)

　　An Introduction to the Theory of Computation

　　Developers Developers Developers Developers

　　Linkers and loaders

　　Let’s Build a Compiler

　　Producing Open Source Software

　　How to Write Parallel Programs

　　Don’t Just Roll the Dice

　　97 Things Every Programmer Should Know（这本书有中文版《程序员应该知道的97件事》）

　　How Computers Work

　　Introduction to Information Retrieval

　　Is Parallel Programming Hard, And, If So, What Can You Do About It?

　　Matters Computational

　　Type Theory and Functional Programming

　　Getting started with Open source development (PDF)

　　Database Fundamentals (PDF)

　　Clever Algorithms

　　Summary of the GoF Design Patterns

　　Flow based Programming

　　Algorithms and Data-Structures (PDF)

　　Compiler Construction (PDF)

　　Project Oberon (PDF)

　　The Little Book of Semaphores

　　Essential Skills for Agile Development

　　I Am a Bug

　　Mining of Massive Datasets

　　Data-Intensive Text Processing with MapReduce (PDF)

　　Understanding IP Addressing: Everything you ever wanted to know (PDF)

　　Operating Systems and Middleware (PDF and LaTeX)

　　ASP.NET MVC

　　NerdDinner Walkthrough

　　Assembly Language 汇编语言

　　ProgrammingGroundUp (PDF)

　　Paul Carter’s Tutorial on x86 Assembly

　　Software optimization resources by Agner Fog

　　Bash

　　Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide

　　Lhunath’s Bash Guide

　　C / C++

　　The new C standard – an annotated reference

　　Matters Computational: Ideas, Algorithms, Source Code, by Jorg Arndt

　　The C book

　　Thinking in C++， Second Edition （《C++编程思想》）

　　C++ Annotations

　　Software optimization resources by Agner Fog

　　Introduction to Design Patterns in C++ with Qt 4 (PDF)

　　Object Oriented Programming in C (PDF)

　　Beej’s Guide to Network Programming

　　Learn C the hard way

　　Also see: The Definitive C++ Book Guide and List

　　C#

　　请参见下面 .NET 方面的

　　Clojure

　　Clojure Programming

　　ColdFusion

　　CFML In 100 Minutes

　　DB2

　　Getting started with IBM Data Studio for DB2 (PDF)

　　Getting started with IBM DB2 development (PDF)

　　Getting started with DB2 Express-C (PDF)

　　Delphi / Pascal

　　Essential Pascal Version 1 and 2

　　The Tomes of Delphi

　　Django

　　Djangobook.com

　　Erlang

　　Learn You Some Erlang For Great Good

　　Flex

　　Getting started with Adobe Flex (PDF)

　　F#

　　The F# Survival Guide

　　F Sharp Programming in Wikibooks

　　Forth

　　Starting Forth

　　Thinking Forth

　　Git

　　Pro Git

　　The Git Community Book

　　Git From The Bottom Up (PDF)

　　Grails

　　Getting Start with Grails

　　Haskell

　　Learn You a Haskell

　　Real World Haskell

　　HTML / CSS

　　Dive Into HTML5

　　HTML Dog Tutorials

　　Java

　　Sun’s Java Tutorials

　　Thinking in Java （《Java 编程思想》）

　　How to Think Like a Computer Scientist

　　Java Thin-Client Programming

　　OSGi in Practice (PDF)

　　Java 6 Tutorial (PDF)

　　JavaScript

　　Eloquent JavaScript

　　Crockford’s JavaScript

　　jQuery Fundamentals (starts with JavaScript basics)

　　Mozilla Developer Network’s JavaScript Guide

　　Essential Javascript & jQuery Design Patterns for Beginners

　　Latex

　　The Not So Short Introduction to LATEX (perfect for beginners 特别适合初学者)

　　Linux

　　Advanced Linux Programming

　　Lisp

　　A Gentle Introduction to Symbolic Computation (PDF)

　　Practical Common Lisp

　　On Lisp

　　ANSI Common Lisp

　　Common Lisp the Language, 2nd Edition

　　Successful Lisp

　　Let Over Lambda – 50 Years of Lisp

　　Natural Language Processing in Lisp

　　Lua

　　Programming In Lua (for v5 but still largely relevant)

　　Lua Programming Gems （不完全免费，但有很多免费的章节及代码）

　　Maven

　　Better Builds with Maven

　　Maven by Example

　　Maven: The Complete Reference

　　Repository Management with Nexus

　　Developing with Eclipse and Maven

　　Mercurial

　　Mercurial: The Definitive Guide

　　HGInit – Mercurial Tutorial by Joel Spolsky

　　Nemerle

　　See .NET below

　　.NET (C# / VB / Nemerle / Visual Studio)

　　C# School (covers C# 1.0 and 2.0)

　　Visual Studio Tips and Tricks (VS 2003-2005 only)

　　Entity Framework

　　Charles Petzold’s .NET Book 0

　　Threading in C#

　　C# Yellow Book (intro to programming)

　　C# Programming – Wikibook

　　C# Essentials

　　Data Structures and Algorithms with Object-Oriented Design Patterns in C#

　　Illustrated C# 2008 (.zip, dead link)

　　O’Reilly’s C# Pocket Reference Manual (dead link)

　　Nemerle

　　NoSQL

　　CouchDB: The Definitive Guide

　　The Little MongoDB Book

　　Oberon

　　Programming in Oberon (PDF)

　　Objective-C

　　The Objective-C Programming Language

　　OCaml

　　Unix System Programming in OCaml

　　Introduction to OCaml (PDF)

　　Oracle Server

　　Oracle’s Guides and Manuals

　　Oracle PL/SQL

　　PL/SQL Language Reference

　　PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference

　　Steven Feuerstein’s PL/SQL Obsession – Videos and Presentations

　　Parrot / Perl 6

　　Using Perl 6 (work in progress)

　　Perl

　　Higher-Order Perl

　　Perl The Hard Way

　　Extreme Perl

　　Perl Free Online EBooks (meta-list)

　　The Mason Book

　　Practical mod_perl

　　Beginning Perl

　　Embedding Perl in HTML with Mason

　　Perl & LWP

　　Perl for the Web

　　Web Client Programming with Perl

　　Modern Perl 5

　　PHP

　　Practical PHP Programming (wiki containing O’Reilly’s PHP In a Nutshell)

　　Zend Framework: Survive the Deep End

　　PowerShell

　　Mastering PowerShell

　　Prolog

　　Building Expert Systems in Prolog

　　Adventure in Prolog

　　Prolog Programming A First Course

　　Logic, Programming and Prolog (2ed)

　　Introduction to Prolog for Mathematicians

　　Learn Prolog Now!

　　Natural Language Processing in Prolog

　　Natural Language Processing Techniques in Prolog

　　Prolog techniques

　　Applications of Prolog

　　Simply logical

　　PostgreSQL

　　Practical PostgreSQL

　　Python

　　Dive Into Python

　　Dive Into Python 3

　　Byte of Python

　　Building Skills in Python Version 2.5

　　Python Free Online Ebooks (meta-list)

　　Python Bibliotheca

　　Think Python (PDF)

　　Data Structures and Algorithms in Python

　　How to Think Like a Computer Scientist: Learning with Python

　　Python for Fun

　　Invent Your Own Computer Games With Python

　　Learn Python The Hard Way

　　Thinking in Python

　　The Django Book

　　Snake Wrangling For Kids

　　Natural Language Processing with Python

　　R

　　The R Manuals

　　The R Language

　　R by example

　　Computational Statistics, Jeremy Penzer

　　Ruby

　　Programming Ruby

　　Why’s (Poignant) Guide to Ruby (mirror)

　　Mr. Neighborly’s Humble Little Ruby Book

　　Ruby Best Practices

　　MacRuby: The Definitive Guide

　　Learn Ruby the hard way

　　Ruby on Rails

　　Ruby on Rails Tutorial: Learn Rails By Example

　　Scala

　　Programming in Scala, First Edition

　　A Scala Tutorial for Java programmers (PDF)

　　Scala By Example (PDF)

　　Programming Scala

　　Xtrace (Github)

　　List (Github)

　　Pro Scala: Monadic Design Patterns for the Web

　　Exploring Lift (published earlier as “The Definitive Guide to Lift”， PDF)

　　Scheme

　　The Scheme Programming Language (Edition 4)

　　Smalltalk

　　Free Online Smalltalk Books (meta-list)

　　Squeak By Example (Smalltalk IDE)

　　Subversion

　　Subversion Version Control (PDF)

　　Version Control with Subversion

　　SQL (implementation agnostic)

　　Developing Time-Oriented Database Applications in SQL

　　Use The Index， Luke! (a guide to SQL database performance for developers)

　　Teradata

　　Teradata Books

　　Vim

　　A Byte of Vim

　　Vim Recipes

　　交互式教程网站：http://t.cn/aep0mV

　　很全的 Vim 速查卡：http://t.cn/aBPFPk

　　Websphere

　　Getting started with WebSphere (PDF)

　　二、 TG 推荐了麻省理工学院的一门课程

　　《Structure and Interpretation of computer programs / 计算机程序员结构和解析》，这门课程视频地址是：http://groups.csail.mit.edu/mac/classes/6.001/abelson-sussman-lectures/

　　三、 Gatekiller 推荐的资源如下：

　　How to Design Programs

　　Graphics Programing Black Book

　　Real World Haskell

　　Let Over Lambda

　　Starting Forth

　　List of Free Online Python Books

　　List of Free Online Perl Books

　　Squeak by Example

　　C# Essentials

　　List of Free Online Smalltalk Books

　　Successful Lisp

　　Introduction to Functional Programming

　　四、ani625推荐了一些 Linux 相关书籍

　　The Art of Unix Programming

　　Advanced Linux Programming by CodeSourcery LLC

　　Java Application Development on Linux by Carl Albing and Michael Schwarz (PDF)

　　Advanced Linux Programming

　　Secure Programming for Linux and Unix

　　The Linux Development Platform

　　Secure Programming for Linux and Unix HOWTO

　　C++ GUI Programming With Qt 3

　　Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide by Ori Pomerantz

　　KDE 2.0 Development

　　GTK+/Gnome Application Development

　　GNU Autoconf, Automake and Libtool

　　The Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide

　　PHP Essentials

　　JavaScript Essentials

　　Visual Basic Essentials

　　上面这4个推荐，是得票数最高的前4位。下面这些得票数不太高的，从中挑选了一些。

　　The Django Book, GNU Free Document License

　　Mercurial (Hg) book by Bryan O’Sullivan. （Mercurial 是一个分布式版本控制软件）

　　37 Signals’ 公司的 “Getting Real” 也提供免费在线阅读。

　　《Clever Algorithms: Nature-Inspired Programming Recipes 》描述了人工智能领域中的 45 个算法。所以这些算法的描述都连贯并完整，确保广大受众可以理解。 这本书也有免费的 PDF 版，也可以在线免费阅读。

　　麻省理工学院关于计算机科学的开源课程：http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Electrical-Engineering-and-Computer-Science/index.htm

　　《Practical Common Lisp（实用 Common Lisp 编程）》Sergio Acosta 强烈推荐的，特别适合对 Lisp 感兴趣的初学者，虽然这本书的纸质版并不免费，但作者 Peter Seibel 允许免费在线阅读。

Eric尝试只包含一个测试框架和一个mock框架，即使有很多其它的项目同样入围。他列出了以下项目：

1. [TEST] xUnit.net - 用于TDD的最好的测试框架之一。
2. [TEST] RhinoMocks mocking framework - 通过创建mock使测试更简单。
3. [TEST] White for automation of Windows applications - 用代码驱动Windows程序来测试。
4. [TEST] Gallio Automation Platform - 可以运行很多测试框架，如MSTest、xUnit、NUnit以及MbUnit。
5. [DATA] Fluent NHibernate - Fluent NHibernate让你可以用C#代码来设置映射关系。
6. [OOP] StructureMap Dependency Injection/Inversion of Control - 解耦类和依赖。
7. [OOP] Managed Extensibility Framework - 从静态编译程序转换到动态语言程序
8. [APPFX] s#arp architecture for web applications - 用ASP.NET MVC和NHibernate快速开发web应用程序。
9. [APPFX] OpenRasta REST based framework for building web applications - 让你的程序拥有一个REST API接口。
10. [APPFX] CSLA.NET Application Framework - .NET开发综合框架
11. [APPFX] Spring.NET Application Framework - Web开发综合框架
12. [RUNTIME] Mono enables .NET on Linux and Mac - 在Linux、BSD和OS X上使用.NET.
13. [UTIL] Sandcastle Help File Builder - 创建MSDN样式的文档。
14. [HELPER] EasyHook for Windows API Hooking - 用托管代码扩展非托管代码。
15. [HELPER] Json.NET for working with JSON formatted data - 用一条语句序列化.NET对象。
16. [HELPER] Excel Data Reader for Excel 97 to 2007 - 将Excel文件读取到Dataset中
17. [HELPER] #SNMP Library - 对SNMP的包装。
18. [HELPER] DotNetZip Library - ZIP库和示例。
19. [HELPER] Visio Automation Library - 用C#、VB和其它语言驱动Viso
20. [HELPER] PHPExcel is not just about Excel! - 读写Execel 2007、PDF、HTML等文档的PHP类
21. [HELPER] Argotic Syndication Framework for RSS, Atom, OPML and more - 读写聚合内容的库
22. [HELPER] NLog logging library -让你的程序易于调试
23. A great directory of C# Open Source software - 一个非常好的库、框架和工具列表

还有一些提交的项目没有进入列表：

• Castle
• MvcContrib
• Subversion
• Nant
• log4net
• Lucene
• CruiseControl
• MEF
• Paint.NET

一些使用MS-PL许可证的微软项目:

• ASP.NET MVC Open Source
• .NET Dynamic Language Runtime (DLR)
• IronRuby
• IronPython
• Silverlight Toolkit
• Ajax Control Toolkit
• Managed Extensibility Framework (MEF)

MS-PL是OSI认可的许可证，GNU也认可它为免费软件许可证，它允许任何人查看源代码、修改源代码并发布修改后的源代码。而且此许可证并不限 制代码只能运行在Windows上，这样就可以将代码移植到其它操作系统，例如Mono（Linux上的.NET）和Monolight（Linux上的 Silverlight）。MonoDevelop有一个插件，可以用来在Linux和Mac OS X上开发ASP.NET MVC程序。

概述

jQuery 是继 prototype 之后又一个优秀的 Javascript 框架。其宗旨是—写更少的代码,做更多的事情。它是轻量级的 js 库(压缩后只有21k) ，这是其它的 js 库所不及 的，它兼容 CSS3，还兼容各种浏览器（IE 6.0+, FF 1.5+, Safari 2.0+, Opera 9.0+）。 jQuery 是一个快速的，简洁的 javaScript 库，使用户能更方便地处理 HTML documents、events、实现动画效果，并且方便地为网站提供 AJAX 交互。 jQuery 还有一个比较大的优势是，它的文档说明很全，而且各种应用也说得很详细，同时还有许多成熟的插件可供选择。 jQuery 能够使用户的 html 页保持代码和 html 内容分离，也就是说，不用再在 html 里面插入一堆js来调用命令了，只需定义 id 即可。今天在Kollermedia.at上发现了一篇JQuery插件列表的文章，特推荐如下。

文件上传(File upload)

Ajax File Upload.
jQUploader.
Multiple File Upload plugin. 
jQuery File Style.
Styling an input type file.
Progress Bar Plugin.

表单验证(Form Validation)

jQuery Validation.
Auto Help.
Simple jQuery form validation.
jQuery XAV - form validations.
jQuery AlphaNumeric.
Masked Input.
TypeWatch Plugin.
Text limiter for form fields.
Ajax Username Check with jQuery.

表单－选取框(Form - Select Box stuff)

jQuery Combobox.
jQuery controlled dependent (or Cascadign) Select List.
Multiple Selects.
Select box manipulation.
Select Combo Plugin.
jQuery - LinkedSelect
Auto-populate multiple select boxes.
Choose Plugin (Select Replacement).

表单基本、输入框、选择框等(Form Basics, Input Fields, Checkboxes etc.)

jQuery Form Plugin.
jQuery-Form.
jLook Nice Forms.
jNice.
Ping Plugin.
Toggle Form Text.
ToggleVal.
jQuery Field Plugin.
jQuery Form’n Field plugin.
jQuery Checkbox manipulation.
jTagging.
jQuery labelcheck.
Overlabel.
3 state radio buttons.
ShiftCheckbox jQuery Plugin.
Watermark Input.
jQuery Checkbox (checkboxes with imags).
jQuery SpinButton Control.
jQuery Ajax Form Builder.
jQuery Focus Fields.
jQuery Time Entry.

时间、日期和颜色选取(Time, Date and Color Picker)

jQuery UI Datepicker.
jQuery date picker plugin.
jQuery Time Picker.
Time Picker.
ClickPick.
TimePicker.
Farbtastic jQuery Color Picker Plugin.
Color Picker by intelliance.fr.

投票插件(Rating Plugins)

jQuery Star Rating Plugin.
jQuery Star Rater.
Content rater with asp.net, ajax and jQuery.
Half-Star Rating Plugin.

搜索插件(Search Plugins)

jQuery Suggest.
jQuery Autocomplete.
jQuery Autocomplete Mod.
jQuery Autocomplete by AjaxDaddy.
jQuery Autocomplete Plugin with HTML formatting.
jQuery Autocompleter.
AutoCompleter (Tutorial with PHP&MySQL).
quick Search jQuery Plugin.

编辑器(Inline Edit & Editors)

jTagEditor.
WYMeditor.
jQuery jFrame.
Jeditable - edit in place plugin for jQuery.
jQuery editable.
jQuery Disable Text Select Plugin.
Edit in Place with Ajax using jQuery.
jQuery Plugin - Another In-Place Editor.
TableEditor.
tEditable - in place table editing for jQuery.

多媒体、视频、Flash等(Audio, Video, Flash, SVG, etc)

jMedia - accessible multi-media embedding.
JBEdit - Ajax online Video Editor.
jQuery MP3 Plugin.
jQuery Media Plugin.
jQuery Flash Plugin.
Embed QuickTime.
SVG Integration.

图片(Photos/Images/Galleries)

ThickBox.
jQuery lightBox plugin.
jQuery Image Strip.
jQuery slideViewer.
jQuery jqGalScroll 2.0.
jQuery - jqGalViewII.
jQuery - jqGalViewIII.
jQuery Photo Slider.
jQuery Thumbs - easily create thumbnails.
jQuery jQIR Image Replacement.
jCarousel Lite.
jQPanView.
jCarousel.
Interface Imagebox.
Image Gallery using jQuery, Interface & Reflactions.
simple jQuery Gallery.
jQuery Gallery Module.
EO Gallery.
jQuery ScrollShow.
jQuery Cycle Plugin.
jQuery Flickr.
jQuery Lazy Load Images Plugin.
Zoomi - Zoomable Thumbnails.
jQuery Crop - crop any image on the fly.
Image Reflection.

Google地图（Google Map）

jQuery Plugin googlemaps.
jMaps jQuery Maps Framework.
jQmaps.
jQuery & Google Maps.
jQuery Maps Interface forr Google and Yahoo maps.
jQuery J Maps - by Tane Piper.

游戏(Games)

Tetris with jQuery.
jQuery Chess.
Mad Libs Word Game.
jQuery Puzzle.
jQuery Solar System (not a game but awesome jQuery Stuff).

表格等(Tables, Grids etc.)

UI/Tablesorter.
jQuery ingrid.
jQuery Grid Plugin.
Table Filter - awesome!.
TableEditor.
jQuery Tree Tables.
Expandable “Detail” Table Rows.
Sortable Table ColdFusion Costum Tag with jQuery UI.
jQuery Bubble.
TableSorter.
Scrollable HTML Table.
jQuery column Manager Plugin.
jQuery tableHover Plugin.
jQuery columnHover Plugin.
jQuery Grid.
TableSorter plugin for jQuery.
tEditable - in place table editing for jQuery.
jQuery charToTable Plugin.
jQuery Grid Column Sizing.
jQuery Grid Row Sizing.

统计图(Charts, Presentation etc.)

jQuery Wizard Plugin .
jQuery Chart Plugin.
Bar Chart.

边框、圆角、背景(Border, Corners, Background)

jQuery Corner.
jQuery Curvy Corner.
Nifty jQuery Corner.
Transparent Corners.
jQuery Corner Gallery.
Gradient Plugin.

文字和超链接(Text and Links)

jQuery Spoiler plugin.
Text Highlighting.
Disable Text Select Plugin.
jQuery Newsticker.
Auto line-height Plugin.
Textgrad - a text gradient plugin.
LinkLook - a link thumbnail preview.
pager jQuery Plugin.
shortKeys jQuery Plugin.
jQuery Biggerlink.
jQuery Ajax Link Checker.

鼠标提示（Tooltips）

jQuery Plugin - Tooltip.
jTip - The jQuery Tool Tip.
clueTip.
BetterTip.
Flash Tooltips using jQuery.
ToolTip.

菜单和导航(Menus, Navigations)

jQuery Tabs Plugin - awesome! . [demo nested tabs.]
another jQuery nested Tab Set example (based on jQuery Tabs Plugin).
jQuery idTabs.
jdMenu - Hierarchical Menu Plugin for jQuery.
jQuery SuckerFish Style.
jQuery Plugin Treeview.
treeView Basic.
FastFind Menu.
Sliding Menu.
Lava Lamp jQuery Menu.
jQuery iconDock.
jVariations Control Panel.
ContextMenu plugin.
clickMenu.
CSS Dock Menu.
jQuery Pop-up Menu Tutorial.
Sliding Menu.

http://stilbuero.de/jquery/tabs_3/

幻灯、翻转等(Accordions, Slide and Toggle stuff)

jQuery Plugin Accordion.
jQuery Accordion Plugin Horizontal Way.
haccordion - a simple horizontal accordion plugin for jQuery.
Horizontal Accordion by portalzine.de.
HoverAccordion.
Accordion Example from fmarcia.info.
jQuery Accordion Example.
jQuery Demo - Expandable Sidebar Menu.
Sliding Panels for jQuery.
jQuery ToggleElements.
Coda Slider.
jCarousel.
Accesible News Slider Plugin.
Showing and Hiding code Examples.
jQuery Easing Plugin.
jQuery Portlets.
AutoScroll.
Innerfade.

拖放插件(Drag and Drop)

UI/Draggables.
EasyDrag jQuery Plugin.
jQuery Portlets.
jqDnR - drag, drop resize.
Drag Demos.

XML XSL JSON Feeds

XSLT Plugin.
jQuery Ajax call and result XML parsing.
xmlObjectifier - Converts XML DOM to JSON.
jQuery XSL Transform.
jQuery Taconite - multiple Dom updates.
RSS/ATOM Feed Parser Plugin.
jQuery Google Feed Plugin.

浏览器(Browserstuff)

Wresize - IE Resize event Fix Plugin.
jQuery ifixpng.
jQuery pngFix.
Link Scrubber - removes the dotted line onfocus from links.
jQuery Perciformes - the entire suckerfish familly under one roof.
Background Iframe.
QinIE - for proper display of Q tags in IE.
jQuery Accessibility Plugin.
jQuery MouseWheel Plugin.

对话框、确认窗口(Alert, Prompt, Confirm Windows)

jQuery Impromptu.
jQuery Confirm Plugin.
jqModal.
SimpleModal.

CSS

jQuery Style Switcher.
JSS - Javascript StyleSheets.
jQuery Rule - creation/manipulation of CSS Rules.
jPrintArea.

DOM、AJAX和其它JQuery插件（DOM, Ajax and other jQuery plugins）

FlyDOM.
jQuery Dimenion Plugin.
jQuery Loggin.
Metadata - extract metadata from classes, attributes, elements.
Super-tiny Client-Side Include Javascript jQuery Plugin.
Undo Made Easy with Ajax.
JHeartbeat - periodically poll the server.
Lazy Load Plugin.
Live Query.
jQuery Timers.
jQuery Share it - display social bookmarking icons.
jQuery serverCookieJar.
jQuery autoSave.
jQuery Puffer.
jQuery iFrame Plugin.
Cookie Plugin for jQuery.
jQuery Spy - awesome plugin.
Effect Delay Trick.
jQuick - a quick tag creator for jQuery.
Metaobjects.
elementReady.

1. Dash Commerce - http://dashcommerce.org
2. Dot Shopping Cart - http://www.dotshoppingcart.com/
3. VevoCart - http://www.vevocart.com/
4. e-Shop ASP.NET - http://fkn1337.com/e-shop-aspnet-mysql-script/
5. PressTopia Shop - http://presstopia.com/dnn/Default.aspx?tabid=236
6. nopCommerce - http://nopcommerce.codeplex.com
7. MVC eCommerce Starter Kit - http://mvcecommercekit.codeplex.com 

Content Management Systems

1. Umbraco - http://umbraco.org
2. DotNetNuke - http://www.dotnetnuke.com
3. Sense/Net CMS - http://sensenet.codeplex.com
4. Novella - http://novella.codeplex.com
5. N2 CMS - http://n2.codeplex.com
6. MojoPortal - http://mojoportal.codeplex.com/
7. The Beer House - http://www.codeplex.com/Wiki/View.aspx?ProjectName=TheBeerHouse
8. My Web Pages Starter Kit - http://www.codeplex.com/MyWebPagesStarterKit/ 
9. Basic CMS - http://www.basic-cms.com
10. JMD CMS - http://www.codeplex.com/JMDCMS/
11. Nickel & Dime CMS - http://ndcms-net.sourceforge.net/
12. Nolior EZNews - http://sourceforge.net/projects/nolioreznews/
13. Hydrogen CMS - http://hydrogencms.codeplex.com

Blogs / Blogging

1. Blog Engine .NET - http://www.dotnetblogengine.net
2. BlogSVC (MVC) - http://www.codeplex.com/blogsvc
3. Oxite (MVC) - http://oxite.codeplex.com
4. DasBlog - http://www.dasblog.info
5. Sub Text - http://www.subtextproject.com
6. PressTopia - http://presstopia.com/dnn/Default.aspx?tabid=160 

Link Directories

1. (ASPLD) ASP.NET 3.5 Link Directory - http://www.n3o.co.uk/software/aspld.aspx
2. XD Link Directory - http://www.ex-designz.net/softwaredetail.asp?fid=835
3. ASP.NET 2.0 Link Directory - http://www.davemackey.net/Applications/LinkDirectory/tabid/88/Default.aspx

Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

1. Splendid CRM - http://www.splendidcrm.com

Wiki's

1. FlexWiki - http://www.flexwiki.com
2. ScrewTurn Wiki - http://www.screwturn.eu/Default.aspx?Page=Wiki&AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1 

Instant Message Apps

1. IM.NET - http://www.dotnetim.com

Forum / Portals / Networks

1. Kigg (Digg like application) - http://www.codeplex.com/Kigg
2. Club Starter Kit - http://www.codeplex.com/ClubStarterKit/
3. Drop Things (Web 2.0 Portal) - http://www.dropthings.com
4. Yet Another Forum - http://www.yetanotherforum.net
5. DMG Forum - http://www.dmgforums.com/

Recruitment / Job Systems

1. Job Site Starter Kit - http://www.binaryintellect.net/articles/a203c824-aec1-41b7-b3ec-49a15d5c9ebb.aspx
2. Stock / Inventory Tracker - http://itracker.df-software.com/download.aspx

Web / E Mail

1. DotNet Open Mail - http://dotnetopenmail.sourceforge.net/
2. qqMail - http://www.umailcampaign.com/mailcom.aspx
3. Sharp Web Mail - http://anmar.eu.org/projects/sharpwebmail/
4. Web News Letter - http://www.codeplex.com/newsletter 

Image & Video Galleries

1. Media Library Starter Kit - http://www.asp.net/downloads/starter-kits/media-library/
2. ASP.NET Foto Gallery - http://www.pentabyte.de/software/WebControls/
3. gPhotoNet - http://www.thezeal.com/software/index.php?gPhotoNet

Classifieds

1. Classifieds Starter Kit - http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/cc533489.aspx
2. Dating .NET - http://www20.brinkster.com/joemay7/

Misc

1. ASP.NET Small Business Web Site Starter Kit - http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/cc533514.aspx
2. ASP.NET Personal Web Site Starter Kit - http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/cc533486.aspx
3. Time Tracking Website - http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/cc533488.aspx
4. DinnerNow (Food Ordering System) - http://www.dinnernow.net
5. Bug Tracker .NET - http://ifdefined.com/bugtrackernet.html

If you would like your application added to this list please just post a link below and I'll add it

现在基于网络的各种工具，就像是寒武纪的生物大爆发一样涌现了出来，多得简直让人有点目不暇接，记都记不过来。对于网页设计者们也不例外：现在的许多工具能让一个菜鸟也变成设计师（不知道是好还是不好），对于那些老鸟们，也有一堆工具供他们使用。我们这里就收集了五十多种这样的工具和资源，你可以在回复里把你知道的也加进来。

SiteKreator - 你可以瞬间设计、建立并开通一个具有完全品牌的个人或商用网站。

Leafletter - 让你建立一个“小网站”，然后你可以把它发布在任何地方（SNS网站、博客或者其它网站都行）。

SynthaSite - 一个基于浏览器的建站工具，使你能和你的朋友和同事一起协作来做事情。也提供许多widget、模板和其他供你使用的组件。

mobispirit - 一个在线创建手机程序的平台.

siteMighty - 一个基于网络的建站平台，几分钟就可以建立一个联盟网站.

CreataPlace - 不需要编程就可以建立一个展示网站，很便宜.

weebox - 拥有拖放界面的全Flash网站建站工具.

freewebs - 一个便捷的建站工具，有数百个模板和可以自定义的widgets.

Built Smarter - 拥有数不清的模板，根据你愿意付的钱的多少，提供内建的模块和自定义选项.

sampa - 免费建站服务，在页面上方有一个广告条.

Wufoo - 支持CSS和XHTML的表格工具.

formspring - 另一个表格工具。它可以把表格的提交表单通过RSS或者一个汇总表呈现给你，免去了你接收数以百计的邮件的麻烦.

高级用户资源

inserit - 无需写代码的CMS(Content Management System,内容管理系统)，让你自由地设计你的网站，并随时添加在线的内容。你还可以在任何地方都能管理你的网站 (Linux环境或者Windows环境均可).

BrowserShots - 用不同的浏览器来测试你的网站的工具.

tweak - Tweak是一个CMS,它可以让你设计你自己的样式，并保持统一的风格。你也可以保存任何类型的网页(HTML, PHP, ASP, JSP等等).

formatpixel - 这个工具可以让你建立在线杂志、爱好者杂志或者类目，并把它们在你的网站上分享.

RoundedCornr - 生成圆角图形的HTML/CSS代码和图片的工具.

图形设计资源区

ColorSchemer - 不管我设计什么东西，我总会到这个网站的用色方案展示那儿去寻找灵感.

COLOURlovers - 这儿有海量的灵气十足的色彩主题、用色方案和色彩趋势.

Color Mixers - Color Mixers为你生成用色方案，它还有一个滚动条界面，让你轻松调色.

ColorBlender - 一款免费的在线调色板生成工具，你只需要用取色器选一种颜色，然后它就会自动为你生成一个六色的调色板.

Kuler - 一个可以做出兼容Adobe Creative Suite系列软件的用色方案的工具.

colr - 又一个用色方案生成器.

Color Tool 2.0.8 Alpha - 一个很酷的用色方案生成器，你可以把它们存下来，网站还会提供链接.

Vecteezy - 从这里，你可以得到世界顶极艺术家们的作品的矢量图片.

BlogFlux Button Maker - 你不用知晓怎么用图形软件，只要点几下，Button Maker就能做出80×15和88×13两种规格的按钮.

Button Browser - 按钮展示和制作的网站.

Brilliant Button Maker - 又一个能做出80×15大小的按钮的工具.

Background Image Maker - 用这个工具，你可以为你的网站设计出斜线、条纹、点阵或渐变的背景图案.

Brusheezy - 这里可以下载到很酷的Photoshop笔刷.

Tartan Maker - 一个可以做出你自己的方格图案的方便的工具，你可以把它用作背景或者其它用途.

iconfinder - 一个图标搜索引擎.

Stripe Generator 2.0 - 一个为你的网站制作条纹背景的工具.

FamFamFam - Silk icons,收集了1000种图标的网站。这儿你能找到文字图标、图形图标、XHTML/CSS按钮、硬盘图标、 feed图标等等.

IconBuffet - 专业图标收集站.

Web 2.0 Badges - 为你的网站制作Web 2.0图章的工具.

The Icon Factory - 这里提供免费的图标，以及一个共享的图标制作软件IconBuilder.

Colr Pickr - 你选一种颜色，Colr Pickr会从Flickr上为你找到主要由这种颜色组成的照片.

terra IMS mapicons Dynamic Generator - 这个工具可以创建一个用在Google地图或Yahoo地图上的PNG格式的图标.

pic2color -　这个工具可以把照片做成调色板，还可以为你的图片重新着色.

TypeTester - TypeTester可以让你把不同字体并排放在一起，以便你做选择.

其它资源区

DesignSnack - 一个网页设计展示站，浏览者可以给被展示的设计投票.

Web Creme - 这里集合了许多富有灵气的网页设计.

CSS Collection - 这里收集了一些用CSS做出来的站点也许你能从中找到灵感.

cssBeauty - 充满灵气的CSS网站收集站点.

ConceptShare - 在这儿，你可以和你的客户以及合作人分享你的作品，清晰的界面让客户们一目了然.

A List Apart - 这里有关心网络发展和网页设计的人必读的博客和在线杂志.

Web Design from Scratch - 海量的设计资源站，包括描述设计过程的文章、目标导向设计、网站结构和可用性等内容.

Css ForSale - 在这个网站里，你可以购买到已经建立好了的CSS站点，或者就来这儿找点灵感吧.

1、

PermGen space的全称是Permanent Generation space,是指内存的永久保存区域OutOfMemoryError: PermGen space从表面上看就是内存益出，解决方法也一定是加大内存。说说为什么会内存益出：这一部分用于存放Class和Meta的信息,Class在被 Load的时候被放入PermGen space区域，它和和存放Instance的Heap区域不同,GC(Garbage Collection)不会在主程序运行期对PermGen space进行清理，所以如果你的APP会LOAD很多CLASS的话,就很可能出现PermGen space错误。这种错误常见在web服务器对JSP进行pre compile的时候。

• Write stuff down. The first and most important means to getting things done is to keep a todo list. I keep mine on Ta-da List and update it daily, if not hourly. My two most important lists are "When I have time" and "This Week". I regularly re-order "This Week" for the current day.
• Quit reading e-mail and blogs. One of the ways I can tell I'm in uber-productive mode is my unread (or starred) mail piles up and I haven't read any blog posts (or blogged myself) in a couple days. I like GMail because I can easily star an e-mail after briefly skimming it. For some reason, flagging e-mail in Thunderbird or Mail.app doesn't work for me - I rarely go back and find those e-mails. With GMail, I'm always conscious I need to revisit starred messages.
• Work on open source late at night, with a beer on your desk. While I do get the opportunity to work on open source at my day job, I still find that I'm most productive at night. Maybe this is because no one bugs me via e-mail or IM, or maybe it's just because the world is asleep. The strange thing is I often find myself motivated at 3 p.m. for my 11 p.m. workload. However, when I get to 11 p.m., I'm not motivated to work on anything. I've found that cracking open a beer at 11 when I start helps me focus and quit worrying about all the other computer-related tasks I need to do. Also, on beer #2 or 3, you'll start to forget what time it is and really start getting things done. NOTE: this isn't for rookies. If you're a lightweight and get hammered on two beers - just go to bed when you start coding with one eye shut. It helps to sleep in the next day after doing this. If you finish off a six-pack before going to bed, it's probably best not to check your code in - you're probably going to spend the next day fixing it anyway. Regardless, this is a great way to get started on a new feature because you're less concerned about the details and more concerned about the big picture. I've also found that "bug fixing juice" can be great for fixing bugs - it gives you a different perspective on the problem. I told you I was Irish didn't I? ;-)
• Work disconnected. To further facilitate not checking e-mail or reading blogs, I've found that going to a coffee shop w/o connectivity is my most productive environment. They have liquid motivation in the form of coffee, and you can feed your brain with breakfast/lunch or some kind of snack. My most productive days are the ones where I show up at my local Einstein's (bagel shop) at 6 a.m., have two cups of coffee, and work with my headphones on. After the coffee and uber-productivity, I often have an awesome ride to work and barely notice the miles. NOTE: I've found that I'm more productive writing code late at night and authoring articles/books in the early morning.
• Listen to music while you work. Some noise-cancelling headphones and your favorite music can do wonders for your productivity. Of course, earbuds work just as well - whatever makes the music sound good. Good music can really help you "get into the groove" of what you're working on, regardless of whether it's writing or coding.
• Work long hours on Monday and Tuesday. This especially applies if you're a contractor. If you can only bill 40 hours per week, working 12-14 hours on Monday can get you an early-departure on Friday. Furthermore, by staying late early in the week, you'll get your productivity ball-rolling early. I've often heard the most productive work-day in a week is Wednesday.
• Avoid meetings at all costs. Find a way to walk out of meetings that are unproductive, don't concern you, or spiral into two co-workers bitching at each other. While meetings in general are a waste of time, some are worse than others. Establish your policy of walking out early on and folks will respect you have stuff to do. Of course, if you aren't a noticeably productive individual, walking out of a meeting can be perceived as simply "not a team player", which isn't a good idea.
• Sleep. While working late nights can be productive in the short term, doing it consecutively will burn you out quickly. Getting a good night's sleep can often lead to greater productivity because you're refreshed and ready to go.
• Work on something you're passionate about. If you don't like what you're doing for a living, quit. Find a new job as soon as possible. It's not about the money, it's all about happiness. Of course, the best balance is both. It's unlikely you'll ever realize this until you have a job that sucks, but pays well.

To follow up on that last point, I think one of the most important catalysts for productivity is to be happy at your job. If you're not happy at work, it's unlikely you're going to be inspired to be a more efficient person. Furthermore, if you like what you do, it's not really "work" is it?

Here is some general advice I give to folks about jobs and careers. I realize that I'm biased here because I have a good job and I've been fairly successful in my career. However, I also grew up with virtually nothing, and learned all my computer skills on my own. Therefore, I believe that anyone can be successful (meaning: happy with that they do, and financially stable at the same time) if they put their mind to it.

• If you're not happy at work, quit. I got into contracting early-on in my career (6 months out of college), so I got spoiled with good rates early on. It was also the late 90s, so you could easily switch jobs if you didn't like the one you were in. However, I've always had the policy that if you hate your job for more than 2 weeks, quit. It's just not worth it. Some people enjoy bitching about their jobs and complaining about their co-workers, so this doesn't apply to everyone. However, if you're truly miserable - quit. I've done this a couple times, and it's always led to better opportunities (even if I had to wait 3 months). Julie's done it once or twice and it's always worked out for the better. Once she even got a 20% raise by quitting her traveling-consultant gig with KPMG and going back to her old company, Qwest.
• Always try to be a contractor before a full-time employee. This especially applies to younger folks who don't need the security of insurance for the family, stock plans, etc. Contractors typically make 50% more than full-time employees and tend to be excluded from company politics that might make the workplace difficult to deal with. While you won't get billable vacation time, you will get the freedom to take however much vacation you want - as long as you get your stuff done. The higher rates can generally make up for the unbillable time while on vacation. However, if you travel too much for fun (or conferences, etc.), it's likely your year-end salary will equal that of a full-time employee. If you make good money as a contractor, you'll also get the opportunity to start your own company (to save money on taxes). This can be a great learning experience. The biggest fear that folks have about "going independent" is they'll have a hard time finding their next gig. If you're productive and blog about what you're doing, this shouldn't be a problem. I haven't had an "interview" since 2002 and haven't updated my resume since then either. Networking at your local JUG and conferences is key.
• Don't work at a company with a two-week vacation policy. I've never worked at a company with a two-week vacation policy, and I hope I never will. The two full-time gigs I've had in my career have had no vacation policy. This is usually only found in startups - but it generally amounts to "get your shit done, and you can take off all the time you want". My parents both work for the BLM (government agency) and they get 6 weeks off a year. Furthermore, they can earn "comp time" (more days off) by simply working overtime. If you have the ability to take time off whenever you want, it'll likely lead to you being more motivated to work long and hard - b/c you know when you finish that project, you're heading to Cancun for a week.
• Don't travel if you have kids. If you're single, traveling for work is pretty cool. New places, new people to meet - and seeing the world can be very cool. If you have a spouse, it's likely your desire to travel will decrease, but it's still not that bad. If it helps your career, it's probably a good move. It also helps to save money since everything you do is generally expensible. When Julie and I first met, she traveled 100% and made $20K more per year b/c of it. When you have kids, everything changes and traveling sucks. You miss their first steps, and when they get to toddler-age, they'll want to go with you. Hearing your daughter say "Daddy, can I go with you?" can be heart wrenching when you're leaving on a Sunday afternoon to spend a week with people you've never met before.
• Ask for more responsibility. If your job sucks, but the company is pretty cool - you may want to ask for a shift in responsibilities. I was once an HTML Developer at a .com. It sucked because we were constantly waiting on the Java Developers to fix bugs we found in their code. Finally, I got tired of waiting and asked my boss to show me how to fix the Java bugs. Granted, I wrote some pretty horrendous code at first, but my boss and co-workers helped a lot and w/in a year I was doing 80% of the Java Development.
• Most things can be learned by reading. If you want to learn something new (for your current or next career), the best thing to do is read. The world's knowledge resides in books and you can learn a lot. Of course, the best way to retain that knowledge is by doing, but reading is a great first step.

Those are my tips, many of them off the top of my head. I may add more as time goes on - but hopefully this helps in the meantime. Please share yours if you have any.

“ 敏捷软件开发宣言：我们正在通过亲身实践和帮助其他人实践，揭示更好的软件开发方法，通过这项工作，我们认为：

人和交流胜过过程和工具

可工作的软件胜过面面俱到的文档

客户协作胜过合同谈判

响应变化胜过遵循计划

虽然右项也有价值，但是我们认为左项更重要。 ”

—— Kent Beck ， Mike Beedle ， Arie van Bennekum ， Alistair Cockburn ， Ward Cunningham ， Martin Fowler ， James Grenning ， Jim Highsmith ， Andrew Hunt ， Ron Jeffries ， Jon Kern ， Brian Marick ， Robert C. Martin ， Steve Mellor ， Ken Schwaber ， Jeff Sutherland ， Dave Thomas

敏捷软件开发这个词在 2006 年的中国软件界听起来仍然显得有些陌生。自 2001 年敏捷联盟被发起以来，敏捷方法的实践经验和理论研究都在不断的更新。而我国的大多数程序员还是只能在书本上读到敏捷的好处，很难在项目中进行实践。这其中的原因，主要是缺乏拥有实际敏捷项目经验的人来带领实施敏捷。虽然敏捷开发是种实践行为，很难从书本上直接学习，不过多数程序员了解敏捷，却都是先从书本开始的。无论结果怎样，从认识到实践的过程是免不了的。

敏捷软件开发之方法论篇

大家都知道敏捷软件开发方法包括了多种方法论，主要有： SCRUM ， Crystal, 特征驱动软件开发（ FDD ），自适应软件开发（ ASD ），以及最著名的极限编程 (XP) 。这些方法论分别在不同的著作上专门论述过：

SCRUM ：《 Agile Software Development with Scrum 》 by Ken Schwaber, Mike Beedle ，《 Agile Project Management With Scrum 》 by Ken Schwaber

FDD: 《 Java Modeling in Color with UML 》 by Peter Coad, 《 A Practical Guide to Feature-Driven Development 》 ( 特征驱动开发 ) by Stephen R Palmer, John M. Felsing,

Crystal: 《 Crystal Clear 》 by Alistair Cockburn

ASD: 《 Adaptive Software Development 》（自适应软件开发） by James A. Highsmith

其中尤以 XP 系列的书籍居多。人民邮电出版社的一系列极限编程系列丛书，在国内引进较早。在还没有统一敏捷词汇的情况下，引发了一批敏捷先锋人士的热情，是我国程序员的敏捷启蒙教材。这些书包括《 Extreme Programming Explained 》（解析极限编程），《 Extreme Programming Examined 》（极限编程研究），《 Extreme Programming Installed 》 ( 极限编程实施 ) ，《 Extreme Programming Explored 》（探索极限编程），《 Extreme Programming Applied 》（应用极限编程）《 Extreme Programming in Practice 》（极限编程实践），《 Planning Extreme Programming 》（规划极限编程）等，这些书有的是作者的 XP 实践论文，有些是对 XP 项目的介绍，其中，值得推荐的是下面两部著作。

《 Extreme Programming Explained: Embrace Change 》 by Kent Beck

第一版中译版：《解析极限编程：拥抱变化》， 唐东铭， 人民邮电出版社

第二版中译版： 雷剑文，电子工业出版社

作为 XP 的开山之作，目前已经出版了第二版。在第一版中， Kent Beck 对 XP 作了详细的描述。从当前软件开发的现状和问题谈起，从需求的变化到如何拥抱变化，给出了 XP 的四项价值观和十二项实践。对于想了解敏捷的来龙去脉的人，此书属于必读之类。在第二版， Kent 根据几年来的实践，为 XP 增加了一项价值观：尊重，并增加了原则的概念，同时增加和删改了一些实践。

该书第一版是程序员的宣言，这和 Kent 的背景很有关系。随后 XP 经历了五六年的发展和实践， Kent 自己也逐渐意识到，这样的观点太狭隘了。因此就有了第二版，与其说这是技术书籍，到更像是纯粹意义的软工书籍。期间也可以看出 XP 的体系更加完备。这其中尤为突出的是把人放到了更为重要的地位。

《 Extreme Programming in Practice 》 by James Newkirk, Robert C. Martin

中译版：《极限编程实践》， 王钧， 人民邮电出版社

读过了一些列的 XP 书籍，程序员们都会觉得 XP 非常好，但到底如何才能开始实施 XP 呢？还不是太清楚。本系列中的这本书用一个完整的小项目作例子，从头到尾教给人如何敏捷开发，是一本不可多得的实践教材。如果想直接实施 XP 开发，这本书可以给你很大启示。

敏捷软件开发之实践篇

一、极限编程最佳实践

由于极限编程是如此的流行，多数敏捷团队都会或多或少的借鉴一些 XP 中的敏捷实践，而 XP 的每一个敏捷实践也确实值得大书特书，而其中最著名的是测试驱动开发和重构实践：

《 Test-Driven Development 》 by Kent Beck

中译版：《测试驱动开发》， 崔凯，中国电力出版社

测试驱动开发是 Kent Beck 另一部力作。 “Clean Code That Works” 是敏捷开发的目标之一，那么如何达到这个目标？ TDD 给出了一种方式。测试实质上是需求。由需求产生出的代码肯定是能够工作的功能代码，而要实现 Class 本身的可测试性，就不得不写出高度解耦合的 Clean 的代码。本书从一个 Money 的例子入手，从最初的一点需求开始，逐步增加需求，完成整个货币系统的代码。后面又给出了 Unit Test 中的一些最佳实践和模式供参考。

然而，本书的教导意义比其实践意义更突出。作为一本 TDD 的教程或入门教材，这本书无疑是最佳的，其中提出的一些最佳实践更是值得经常阅读来温习。本书面向的是单元测试，而实际开发中面对的数据库测试， Web 测试等问题并不属于单元测试的范畴。因此读者并不能从中直接进入到实战。

另一本同名书《 Test Driven Development: A Practical Guide 》由 Davis Astels 撰写，他将该书看作是 Kent 著作的补充，重点阐述利用 TDD 开发所必要的技术和工具上，因此对实际开发更具实用性。

《 Refactoring: Improving the Design of Existing Code 》 by Martin Fowler

中译版：《重构：改善既有代码的设计》，侯捷，熊节，中国电力出版社

重构这本书的意义在于，他提供了一种让你写出更加优美代码的能力。在测试的保证下，重构能够发挥强大的威力。敏捷团队中，不断的重构出简单且高效的代码才能够保持拥抱不断变化的需求。后来的一本书《 Refactoring to Patterns 》（从重构到模式） by Joshua Kerievsky ，更是将重构的威力发挥到极限。

重构曾被称为软件开发图书的双璧，另一本书是《 Design Patterns 》 ( 设计模式 ) by GoF 。当然，对现在的软件开发这二者已经不是最重要的。 Thought Works 的首席科学家 Martin Fowler 总结了朋友们的各种实践心得，写出了这本书。从几年后的目光来看，这本书中的多数实践都被各种 IDE 做到了操作菜单中。虽然 IDE 提供了大量重构功能，但仅靠 IDE 是无法写出简洁美妙代码的，多数的敏捷团队重构工作做得还是不够。

另外有一本专门介绍结对编程的书，《 Pair Programming Illuminated 》（结对编程技术） by by Laurie Williams and Robert Kessler ，指出了为什么要结对？并从各种不同水平不同性格的程序员结对情况来讨论该实践的优劣。对此有兴趣的程序员不妨一读。

二、敏捷软件开发实践

自从 2001 年敏捷联盟成立以来，单独推广极限编程的书变少了，而统一口径推广敏捷的书变得越来越多。两本同名的敏捷软件开发都是不可多得的好书，

《 Agile Software Development ： Principles, Patterns, and Practices 》 by Robert C. Martin

中译版：《敏捷软件开发：原则，模式与实践》，邓辉， 清华大学出版社

被业内人士称为 Uncle Bob 的 Robert C Martin 在沉寂几年后写出了这部书。该书可以算是从软件开发角度对敏捷方法阐述的最详细和全面的一本。之前的敏捷书籍多是关注于过程改进，而对如何从技术角度实施讲的比较少。本书一开始先介绍了敏捷联盟和敏捷开发过程。之后详细论述了面向对象设计的原则，这些原则是本书的精华之一。后面通过几个项目介绍了如何将设计模式应用于项目中。

Uncle Bob 不愧是实践的大师，写出来的书也是拥有很强的实践意义。在敏捷团队的办公桌上，应当常备此书，一来可作为参考查询，二来可以作为新成员的必读书目。

《 Agile Software Development 》 by Alistair Cockburn

中译版：《敏捷软件开发》，俞涓，人民邮电出版社

这本书更加适合管理者来阅读。 Alistair 从项目人数和交流难易程度，将敏捷的各种方法划分了其适用范围。人数多的或分布式项目就需要靠其他手段来加强交流，人数少的就可以靠 pair programming 等进行面对面的交流。交流和反馈是敏捷的核心。同时 Alistair 也介绍了一下他提出的 Crystal 方法族。

三 . 敏捷项目管理和敏捷需求分析

在推广敏捷一段时间后，敏捷社群也意识到，多数书籍更像是面向开发人员，过于技术化，难以吸引项目经理或主管。因此，一批面向管理者视角的书也开始浮出水面，这些书包括：

《 Agile and Iterative Development 》（敏捷迭代开发） by Craig Larman

《 Lean Software Development 》（ 敏捷 软件开发工具 — 精益开发方法 ） by Mary Poppendieck

《 Agile Software Development Ecosystems 》（敏捷软件开发生态系统） by Jim Highsmith

书中从各种角度比较和分析各种敏捷方法的优劣，异同，起源，适用范围等。这些书对于一个项目主管决策使用何种过程来在自己的团队中实践敏捷有很好的参考作用。

近两年，人们开始逐渐意识到敏捷开发的侧重点不仅仅是开发过程和开发实践，还包括对需求和项目管理等其他相关方面的实践。一些相关的书籍也悄然出现在人们的视野：

《 Agile Project Management 》（敏捷项目管理） by Jim Highsmith

《 User Stories Applied 》 by Mike Cohn

《 Agile Estimating and Planning 》 by Mike Cohn

《 Agile Requirements & User Stories 》 by Louis Molnar

这些书不同于以往强调新方法，新过程的书目。敏捷项目管理类的书主要介绍如何管理敏捷团队，如何计划要开发的需求，如何为客户提供最大的价值。介绍敏捷需求分析的书主要帮助商务分析师或项目经理挖掘和分析用户需求，写出用户故事，评估和计划用户故事等。人们已经意识到，各种方法论的实质是相同的，都是提供商业价值，减少浪费，增加交流，快速反馈。因此不需要着重于区分是使用了那种方法。对项目经理来说，不同的项目或团队应当采用适应其特殊情况的方法，而这些方法的基本原则是相同的。

四 . 敏捷软件开发新方向

对架构师或程序员来说，近年来的技术进展，也使得敏捷开发有了新的研究方向：

《 Agile Web Development with Rails 》 by Dave Thomas, David Hansson, Leon Breedt, and Mike Clark

该书是获得 2006JOLT 奖的书，讲得是采用 Ruby on Rails 这个 Web 开发工具新贵来快速开发 Web 项目，从而达到快速反馈拥抱变化的目的。

《 Refactoring Databases 》 by Scott W Ambler

此书是 Scott 的新作，延续和继承了《 Agile Modeling 》（敏捷建模）和《 Agile Database Techniques 》（敏捷数据）的思想。在敏捷开发过程中，作为持久化最常见技术的数据库如果不能够敏捷，怎么能够适应一次次迭代和一次次发布的修改呢？书中介绍了如何进行数据库演化，如何保证升级后数据库数据的正确性，以及最佳实践。

我们可以看到，随着敏捷方法和市场的不断成熟，敏捷的书籍也从理论性转向了实用和最佳实践类型。然而，不可否认的是，一个团队的敏捷化很难仅靠阅读书本来完成，由成功实践过敏捷的开发者手把手的带领，才是最好的方法。