基本用法:prototype.js给每个主要的类都分了一个Class,使用起来很方便.要产生特定的效果,只要用new Class.function(<argument>)就可以了.例如:

<DIV id="div1"><a href="#" onclick="new Element.toggle('div2')">Click Me</a></DIV>

<DIV id="div2">Hello!</DIV>

      当点击Click Me的时候,div2就会交替隐藏或显示.注意,你可以给toggle加上无限个parameter,比如Element.toggle(''div2'',''div3'',''div4'',...)

            obj2.f2 = obj.f1.bind(obj2);
            obj2.f2(); // 输出"myClass2 from f1"

        5.Function.prototype.bindAsEventListener
            与bind方法的功能相同，只不过bingAsEvevntListener用于绑定事件.
            示例：
            var Watcher = Class.create();
            Watcher.prototype = {
                     initialize: function(buttonid, message) {
                              this.button = $(buttonid);
                              this.message = message;
                              // 将button的onclick和this对象的showMessage方法绑定起来
                              this.button.onclick =
                               this.showMessage.bindAsEventListener(this);
                     },
                     showMessage: function() {
                          alert(this.message);
                     }
                };
            var watcher = new Watcher('btn', 'clicked');

        6.PeriodicalExecuter类
            创建PeriodicalExecuter类的实例将会周期性地调用指定的方法
            function setTime() {
                 $('divTime').innerHTML = (new Date()).toLocaleString();
            }
            new PeriodicalExecuter(setTime, 1);
            第一个参数：调用的方法；第二个参数：间隔多少秒

        字符串处理(String对象扩展)
           1.String .prototype.gsub(pattern,replacement)
                将字符串中所有正则表达式匹配的部分替换成指定的字符串
                pattern：正则表达式
                replacement：用作替换的字符串
                示例：
                var str = "this is a test test";
                //输出"this is a new new"
                alert(str.gsub(/test/,"new"));
                
            2.String.prototype.truncate(length,truncation)
                将字符串截断
                length：截断后字符串的长度，默认值为30
                trancation：截断字符串时，替代尾部的字符串，默认是"..."
                示例：
                 var str = "this is a test test";
                //输出"this is ..."
                  alert(str.truncate(10));
                //输出"this is a t..."
                alert(str.truncate(14));
                //输出"this is***"
                alert(str.truncate(10,"***"));

            3.String.prototype.strip()
                删除字符串前后的空白字符
                示例：
                var str="this is a test test  ";
                alert(str.strip().length);//19
                alert(str.length);//21

            4.String.prototype.stripTags()
                移除字符串中所有的HTML和XML标签
                示例：
                var str = "<table><tr><td>stripTagsDemo</td></tr></table>";
               alert(str.stripTags());//输出"stripTagsDemo"

            5.String.prototype.stripScripts()
                移除字符串所有的<script></script>脚本标记内容
                示例：
                var str = "this is a test<script>alert('ok')<"+"/script>";
               alert(str.stripScripts());//输出"this is a test"

            6.String.prototype.evalScripts()
                执行在字符串中找到的所有脚本
                var str = "this is a test<script>alert('ok')<"+"/script>";
               str.evalScripts();//输出"ok"

            7.String.prototype.escapeHTML()
                将字符串中的所有HTML标记进行转义
                示例：
                var str = "<table><tr><td>stripTagsDemo</td></tr></table>";
               alert(str.escapeHTML());

            8.String.prototype.unescapeHTML()
                执行与escapeHTML()相反的操作


            9.String.prototype.toQueryParams()
                将查询字符串转化为一个联合数组
                示例：
                var str = "a=1&b=2&c=3"
                var arr = str.toQueryParams();
                for(i in arr){
                     alert(arr[i]);//输出1,2,3
               }

            10.String.prototype.toArray()
                把字符串转换成字符数组
                示例：
                var str = "test";  
                //依次输出"t,e,s,t"
               str.toArray().each(
                    function(item){ 
                       alert(item); 
                   }
               ); 

            11.String.prototype.extractScripts()
                从字符串中提取出所有的<script>脚本，以字符串数组的形式返回
                示例：
                var str = "this is a test<script>alert('ok')<"+"/script>";
               str += str;
                //输出两遍alert('ok')
               str.extractScripts().each(
                   function(item){ 
                       alert(item); 
                   }
               ); 
 

             3.2 ．处理HTTP响应
                        200：一切正常  
                        401：未经授权
                        403：禁止
                        404：没找到
                        function updatePage(){
                            //readState == 4，表示请求成功完成
                            if(xmlHttp.readyState == 4){
                                if(xmlHttp.status == 200){
                                    var response = xmlHttp.responseText;//HTTP请求返回的文本内容
                                    document.getElementById("zipCode").value = response;
                                }else if(request.status == 404){
                                        //HTTP状态码为404，无法找到资源
                                        alert("404 Not Found");
                                }else if(request.status == 403){
                                        //HTTP状态码为403，资源不可用
                                        alert("403 Forbidden");
                                }else if(request.status == 401){
                                        //HTTP状态码为401，未经授权
                                        alert("401 Unauthorized");
                                }
                            }
                        }

              3.3．HTTP就绪状态
                       共有５种就绪状态：
                        0：请求未初始化（还没有调用XMLHttpRequest对象的open方法）
                        1：请求已经建立，但是还没有发送（还没有调用send方法）
                        2：请求已发送，正在处理中
                        3：请求在处理中。通常响应中已有部分数据可用了，但是服务器还没有完成响应的生成 
                        4：响应已完成，可以获取并且使用服务器的响应了