jmock测试的准备工作

刘铮 — Wed, 05 Dec 2007 02:54:00 GMT

private Mockery context = new JUnit4Mockery() {
        {
            setImposteriser(ClassImposteriser.INSTANCE);
        }
    };

注意这里的setImposteriser(ClassImposteriser.INSTANCE);
因为默认的JUnit4Mockery的Imposteriser是JavaReflectionImposteriser，他是针对接口进行mock的，如果要针对class进行mock，必须setImposteriser(ClassImposteriser.INSTANCE);
这样之后context便可以对class进行mock了

官方的文档：

Mocking Classes with jMock and the ClassImposteriser

Because it uses Java's standard reflection capability, the default configuration of the jMock framework can only mock interfaces, not classes. (Actually, we consider that to be a good thing because it encourages the design to focus on communication between objects rather than static classification or data storage). However, the ClassImposteriser extension class uses the CGLIB 2.1¹ and Objenesis² libraries to create mock objects of classes as well as interfaces. This is useful when working with legacy code to tease apart dependencies between tightly coupled classes.

To use the ClassImposteriser:

Add jmock-legacy-2.1.0-RCn.jar, cglib-nodep-2.1_3.jar and objenesis-1.0.jar to your CLASSPATH.

Plug the ClassImposteriser into the Mockery of your test class:

Raw

import org.jmock.Mockery;

    import org.jmock.Expectations;

    import org.jmock.lib.legacy.ClassImposteriser;

    

    public class ConcreteClassTest extends TestCase {

    private Mockery context = new Mockery() {{

    setImposteriser(ClassImposteriser.INSTANCE);

    }};

    

    ...

    }

JUnit 3

import org.jmock.Expectations;

    import org.jmock.integration.junit3.MockObjectTestCase;

    import org.jmock.lib.legacy.ClassImposteriser;

    

    public class ConcreteClassTest extends MockObjectTestCase {

    {

    setImposteriser(ClassImposteriser.INSTANCE);

    }

    

    ...

    }

JUnit 4

import org.jmock.Mockery;

    import org.jmock.Expectations;

    import org.jmock.integration.junit4.JUnit4Mockery;

    import org.jmock.lib.legacy.ClassImposteriser;

    

    @RunWith(JMock.class)

    public class ConcreteClassTest {

    private Mockery context = new JUnit4Mockery() {{

    setImposteriser(ClassImposteriser.INSTANCE);

    }};

    

    ...

    }

Your tests can now create mocks of abstract or even concrete classes:
```
Graphics g = context.mock(java.awt.Graphics.class);
```

刘铮 2007-12-05 10:54 发表评论

Jmock和Junit4结合进行mock测试

刘铮 — Tue, 04 Dec 2007 06:00:00 GMT

jMock 2 Cheat Sheet

Test Fixture Class

Raw

import org.jmock.Mockery;

import org.jmock.Expectations;



public class AJMock2TestCase ... {

Mockery context = new Mockery();



...

}

JUnit 3 Integration

import org.jmock.integration.junit3.MockObjectTestCase;

import org.jmock.Expectations;



public class TurtleDrawingTest extends MockObjectTestCase {

...

}

JUnit 4 Integration

import org.jmock.Expectations;

import org.jmock.Mockery;

import org.jmock.integration.junit4.JMock;

import org.jmock.integration.junit4.JUnit4Mockery;



@RunWith(JMock.class)

public class AJMock2TestCase {

Mockery context = new JUnit4Mockery();



...

}

A Mockery represents the context of the object under test: the objects that it communicates with. A Mockery creates mock objects and checks expectations that are set upon those mock objects. By convention the Mockery is stored in an instance variable named context.

Tests written with JUnit 3 can extend MockObjectTestCase, in which case they don't need to explictly create or refer to the context.

Tests written with JUnit 4 do not need to extend a specific base class but must specify that they use jMock with the @RunWith attribute, create a JUnit4Mockery that reports expectation failures as JUnit 4 test failures, and store the Mockery in an instance variable.

Creating Mock Objects

Raw

Turtle turtle = context.mock(Turtle.class);

Turtle turtle2 = context.mock(Turtle.class, "turtle2");

JUnit 3 Integration

Turtle turtle = mock(Turtle.class);

Turtle turtle2 = mock(Turtle.class, "turtle2");

JUnit 4 Integration

Turtle turtle = context.mock(Turtle.class);

Turtle turtle2 = context.mock(Turtle.class, "turtle2");

The examples above assume that the mock object is stored in an instance variable. If a mock object is stored in a local variable, the variable must be declared as final so that it can be referred to from within expectation blocks (see below).

Tests with Expectations

Raw

... create mock objects ...



public void testSomeAction() {

... set up ...



context.checking(new Expectations() {{

... expectations go here ...

}});



... call code being tested ...



context.assertIsSatisfied();



... other assertions ...

}

JUnit 3 Integration

... create mock objects ...



public void testSomeAction() {

... set up ...



checking(new Expectations() {{

... expectations go here ...

}});



... call code being tested ...



... assertions ...

}

JUnit 4 Integration

... create mock objects ...



public void testSomeAction() {

... set up ...



context.checking(new Expectations() {{

... expectations go here ...

}});



... call code being tested ...



... assertions ...

}

The JUnit 3 and JUnit 4 integration layers automatically assert that all expectations have been satisfied.

An expectations block can contain any number of expectations. A test can contain multiple expectation blocks. Expectations in later blocks are appended to those in earlier blocks. Expectations can be interspersed with calls to the code under test.

Expectations

Expectations have the following structure:

invocation-count (mock-object).method(argument-constraints);

inSequence(sequence-name);

when(state-machine.is(state-name));

will(action);

then(state-machine.is(new-state-name));

Except for the invocation count and the mock object, all clauses are optional. You can give an expectation as many inSequence, when, will and then clauses as you wish.

Some examples:

one (turtle).turn(45);           // The turtle will be told to turn 45 degrees once only



allowing (turtle).flashLEDs();   // The turtle can be told to flash its LEDs any number of types or not at all



ignoring (turtle2);              // Turtle 2 can be told to do anything.  This test ignores it.



allowing (turtle).queryPen();    // The turtle can be asked about its pen any number of times and will always

will(returnValue(PEN_DOWN)); // return PEN_DOWN



atLeast(1).of (turtle).stop();   // The turtle will be told to stop at least once.

Invocation Count

one	The invocation is expected once and once only.
exactly(`n`).of	The invocation is expected exactly `n` times. Note: `one` is a convenient shorthand for `exactly(1)`.
atLeast(`n`).of	The invocation is expected at least `n`.
atMost(`n`).of	The invocation is expected at most `n` times.
between(`min`, `max`).of	The invocation is expected at least `min` times and at most `max` times.
allowing	The invocation is allowed any number of times but does not have to happen.
ignoring	The same as `allowing`. Allowing or ignoring should be chosen to make the test code clearly express intent.
never	The invocation is not expected at all. This is used to make tests more explicit and so easier to understand.

Methods And Expectations

Expected methods are specified by a literal call to the method within an expectation block.

Arguments passed to the method in an expectation will be compared for equality.

one (calculator).add(1, 1); will(returnValue(2));

one (calculator).add(2, 2); will(returnValue(5));

To define looser constraints, specify all arguments as matchers within with clauses:

allowing (calculator).add(with(any(int.class)), with(any(int.class)));

Argument Matchers

The most commonly used matchers are defined in the Expectations¹ class:

equal(`n`)	The argument is equal to `n`.
same(`o`)	The argument is the same object as `o`.
any(Class type)	The argument is any value. The type argument is required to force Java to type-check the argument at compile time.
a(Class type) an(Class type)	The argument is an instance of `type` or a subclass of `type`.
aNull(Class type)	The argument is null. The type argument is required to force Java to type-check the argument at compile time.
aNonNull(Class type)	The argument is not null. The type argument is required to force Java to type-check the argument at compile time.
not(`m`)	The argument does not match the Matcher `m`.
anyOf(`m₁`, `m₂`, ..., `m_n`)	The argument matches one of the Matchers `m₁` to `m_n`_.
allOf(`m₁`, `m₂`, ..., m_n)	The argument matches all of the Matchers `m₁` to `m_n`.

More matchers are defined as static factory methods of the Hamcrest Matchers class², which can be statically imported at the top of the test code.

Actions

will(returnValue(`v`))	Return `v` to the caller.
will(returnIterator(`c`))	Return a new iterator over collection `c` on each invocation.
will(returnIterator(`v₁`, `v₂`, ..., `v_n`))	Return a new iterator over elements `v₁` to `v_n` on each invocation.
will(throwException(`e`))	Throw `e` to the caller.
will(doAll(`a₁`, `a₂`, ..., `a_n`))	Do all actions `a₁` to `a_n` on every invocation.

Sequences

Invocations that are expected in a sequence must occur in the order in which they appear in the test code. A test can create more than one sequence and an expectation can be part of more than once sequence at a time.

To define a new sequence:

Raw

final Sequence sequence-name = context.sequence("sequence-name");

JUnit 3

final Sequence sequence-name = sequence("sequence-name");

JUnit 4

final Sequence sequence-name = context.sequence("sequence-name");

To expect a sequence of invocations, write the expectations in order and add the inSequence(sequence) clause to each one. For example:

one (turtle).forward(10); inSequence(drawing);

one (turtle).turn(45); inSequence(drawing);

one (turtle).forward(10); inSequence(drawing);

Expectations in a sequence can have any invocation count.

States

States are used to constrain invocations to occur only when a condition is true. Conditions are represented as states of state machines. A test can create multiple state machines and each state machine can have multiple states. An invocation can be constrained to occur during a state of one more more state machines.

To define a new state machine:

Raw

final States state-machine-name = context.states("state-machine-name").startsAs("initial-state");

JUnit 3

final States state-machine-name = states("state-machine-name").startsAs("initial-state");

JUnit 4

final States state-machine-name = context.states("state-machine-name").startsAs("initial-state");

The intial state is optional. If not specified, the state machine starts in an unnamed initial state.

The following clauses constrain invocations to occur within specific states and define how an invocation will change the current state of a state machine.

when(`state-machine`.is("`state-name`"));	Constrains the last expectation to occur only when the state machine is in the named state.
then(`state-machine`.is("`state-name`"));	Changes the state of `state-machine` to the named state when the invocation occurs.

For example:

final States pen = context.states("pen").startsAs("up");

one (turtle).penDown(); then(pen.is("down"));

one (turtle).forward(10); when(pen.is("down"));

one (turtle).turn(90); when(pen.is("down"));

one (turtle).forward(10); when(pen.is("down"));

one (turtle).penUp(); then(pen.is("up"));













例子代码为：



package nl.enovation.commons.monitor;



import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;



import java.util.Collection;

import java.util.Properties;



import javax.mail.Folder;

import javax.mail.Message;

import javax.mail.MessagingException;

import javax.mail.Session;

import javax.mail.Store;

import javax.mail.Flags.Flag;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;



import nl.enovation.commons.IdGenerator;

import nl.enovation.commons.MailIdGenerator;

import nl.enovation.ems.commons.mailsender.MailSender;

import nl.enovation.ems.commons.mailsender.SMTPMailSender;



import org.jmock.Expectations;

import org.jmock.Mockery;

import org.jmock.lib.legacy.ClassImposteriser;

import org.junit.Test;



public class MailLoopMonitorTest {

    

    private Mockery context = new Mockery() {{

        setImposteriser(ClassImposteriser.INSTANCE);

    }};

    

    @Test

    public void shouldReturnOkStatus()throws Exception{

        //set up

        final MailSender mailSender = context.mock(MailSender.class);

        final MailChecker mailChecker = context.mock(MailChecker.class);

          

        final String name="MailLoopMonitor";

        final MailLoopMonitor mailLoopMonitor = new MailLoopMonitor(); 

        final Status OkStatus=new Status(Status.Code.OK,name,"Ok");              

        final String recipient="yves.guo@localhost.com";

        final String sender="yves.guo@vanad.com.cn"; 

        final String subject="TestSubject";

        final String message="TestBody";

        // expectations

        context.checking(new Expectations() {

            {           

                allowing (mailChecker).check(with(any(String.class))); 

                will(returnValue(OkStatus));

                one(mailSender).sendMessage(with(any(MimeMessage.class)),with(any(String.class)),with(any(Collection.class)));



            }

        });

        //execute

        mailLoopMonitor.setIdGenerator(new MailIdGenerator());       

        mailLoopMonitor.setMailChecker(mailChecker);        

        mailLoopMonitor.setMailSender(mailSender);  

        mailLoopMonitor.setSender(sender);

        mailLoopMonitor.setRecipient(recipient);

        mailLoopMonitor.setSubject(subject);

        mailLoopMonitor.setMessage(message);      

        assertEquals(Status.Code.OK, (mailLoopMonitor.check(name)).getCode());  

        // verify

        context.assertIsSatisfied();

    }



    @Test

    public void shouldReturnErrorStatusOnSendFailure() throws Exception{

        // set up

        final MailChecker mailChecker = context.mock(MailChecker.class);

       

        final String name="MailLoopMonitor";

        final MailLoopMonitor mailLoopMonitor = new MailLoopMonitor();   

        final IdGenerator idGenerator=new MailIdGenerator();

        final SMTPMailSender mailSender=new SMTPMailSender();   

        final String recipient="yves.guo@localhost.com";

        final String sender="yves.guo@vanad.com.cn";

        final String subject="TestSubject";

        final String message="Test";

        final String host="wrong smtp host";//set a wrong host,should cause connect failure.

        final int checkTimes=3,intervalTime=1000;

        

        // expectations

        context.checking(new Expectations() {

            {     

                //should not execute MailCheck.check();                

            }

        });

        

        // execute

        mailSender.setHost(host);   

        mailSender.setPort(25);

        mailLoopMonitor.setSender(sender);

        mailLoopMonitor.setRecipient(recipient);

        mailLoopMonitor.setCheckTimes(checkTimes);

        mailLoopMonitor.setIntervalTime(intervalTime);      

        mailLoopMonitor.setMailChecker(mailChecker);        

        mailLoopMonitor.setMailSender(mailSender);

        mailLoopMonitor.setIdGenerator(idGenerator);

        mailLoopMonitor.setSubject(subject);

        mailLoopMonitor.setMessage(message);    

        Status status=mailLoopMonitor.check(name);    

        assertEquals(Status.Code.CRITICAL, status.getCode());          

        assertNotNull(status.getCause());

        assertNotNull(status.getMessage());

        // verify

        context.assertIsSatisfied();

    } 

    

    @Test

    public void shouldReturnErrorStatusOnConnectedFailure()throws Exception{

        //set up

        final MailSender mailSender = context.mock(MailSender.class);

        final IdGenerator idGenerator=context.mock(MailIdGenerator.class);

        

        final String name="MailLoopMonitor";

        final String recipient="yves.guo@localhost.com";

        final String sender="yves.guo@vanad.com.cn";

        final String receiver="yves";

        final String subject="TestSubject";

        final String message="TestBody";

        final String host="wrong host";      //a wrong pop3 host 

        final MailLoopMonitor mailLoopMonitor = new MailLoopMonitor(); 

        final Pop3MailChecker pop3MailChecker=new Pop3MailChecker();         

        

        // expectations

        context.checking(new Expectations() {

            {      

                allowing(idGenerator).getNextId();

                will(returnValue("2007-12-337 13:12:3750"));

                one(mailSender).sendMessage(with(any(MimeMessage.class)),with(any(String.class)),with(any(Collection.class)));

            }

        });

        //execute

        Properties props = new Properties();

        props.put("mail.pop3.host",host);

        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, null);

        pop3MailChecker.setStore(session.getStore("pop3"));

        pop3MailChecker.setHost(host);

        pop3MailChecker.setPort(110);

        pop3MailChecker.setUser(receiver);

        pop3MailChecker.setPassword("");

        

        mailLoopMonitor.setIdGenerator(idGenerator);       

        mailLoopMonitor.setMailChecker(pop3MailChecker);        

        mailLoopMonitor.setMailSender(mailSender);  

        mailLoopMonitor.setSender(sender);

        mailLoopMonitor.setRecipient(recipient);

        mailLoopMonitor.setSubject(subject);

        mailLoopMonitor.setMessage(message);      

        Status status =mailLoopMonitor.check(name);

        

        assertEquals(Status.Code.CRITICAL, status.getCode());  

        assertNotNull(status.getCause());

        assertNotNull(status.getMessage());       

        // verify

        context.assertIsSatisfied();

    }

    @Test

    public void shouldReturnErrorStatusOnGetMessagesFromFolderFailure()throws Exception{

        //set up

        final MailSender mailSender = context.mock(MailSender.class);

        final Store store=context.mock(Store.class);

        final Folder folder=context.mock(Folder.class);

        

        final String name="MailLoopMonitor";

        final String recipient="yves.guo@localhost.com";

        final String sender="yves.guo@vanad.com.cn";

        final String subject="TestSubject";

        final String message="TestBody";    

        final MailLoopMonitor mailLoopMonitor = new MailLoopMonitor(); 

        final Pop3MailChecker pop3MailChecker=new Pop3MailChecker();    



        // expectations

        context.checking(new Expectations() {

            {      

                one(mailSender).sendMessage(with(any(MimeMessage.class)),with(any(String.class)),with(any(Collection.class)));

                allowing(store).connect(with(any(String.class)),with(any(String.class)),with(any(String.class)));

                allowing(store).isConnected();will(returnValue(false));

                allowing(store).close();

                allowing(folder).open(Folder.READ_WRITE);

                allowing(folder).close(true);

                allowing(folder).isOpen();will(returnValue(false));

                allowing(folder).getMessages();will(throwException(new MessagingException()));

             

            }

        });

        //execute

        pop3MailChecker.setStore(store);

        pop3MailChecker.setFolder(folder);    

        

        mailLoopMonitor.setIdGenerator(new MailIdGenerator());       

        mailLoopMonitor.setMailChecker(pop3MailChecker);        

        mailLoopMonitor.setMailSender(mailSender);  

        mailLoopMonitor.setSender(sender);

        mailLoopMonitor.setRecipient(recipient);

        mailLoopMonitor.setSubject(subject);

        mailLoopMonitor.setMessage(message);      

        Status status =mailLoopMonitor.check(name);

        

        assertEquals(Status.Code.CRITICAL, status.getCode());  

        assertNotNull(status.getCause());

        assertNotNull(status.getMessage()); 

        // verify

        context.assertIsSatisfied();

    }

    @Test

    public void shouldReturnNoMatchedMessageIDsOnMacthID()throws Exception{

        //set up

        final MailSender mailSender = context.mock(MailSender.class);

        final IdGenerator idGenerator=context.mock(MailIdGenerator.class);

        final Store store=context.mock(Store.class);

        final Folder folder=context.mock(Folder.class);

        final Message mockedMessage=context.mock(Message.class);

        

        final String name="MailLoopMonitor";

        final String recipient="yves.guo@localhost.com";

        final String sender="yves.guo@vanad.com.cn";

        final String subject="TestSubject";

        final String message="TestBody";

        final Message[] messages={mockedMessage};     

        final MailLoopMonitor mailLoopMonitor = new MailLoopMonitor(); 

        final Pop3MailChecker pop3MailChecker=new Pop3MailChecker();    

        final String generatedID="2007-12-337 13:12:3750";

        final String[] headInformation = {"not the same as generatedID"};//not the same as generatedID,

                                                                   //should return No matched message IDs



        // expectations

        context.checking(new Expectations() {

            {      

                allowing(idGenerator).getNextId();will(returnValue(generatedID));

                one(mailSender).sendMessage(with(any(MimeMessage.class)),with(any(String.class)),with(any(Collection.class)));

                allowing(store).connect(with(any(String.class)),with(any(String.class)),with(any(String.class)));

                allowing(store).isConnected();will(returnValue(false));

                allowing(store).close();

                allowing(folder).open(Folder.READ_WRITE);

                allowing(folder).close(true);

                allowing(folder).isOpen();will(returnValue(false));

                allowing(folder).getMessages();will(returnValue(messages));

                allowing(mockedMessage).getHeader("Generated-ID");will(returnValue(headInformation));

                allowing(mockedMessage).setFlag(Flag.DELETED, true);                

            }

        });

        //execute

        pop3MailChecker.setStore(store);

        pop3MailChecker.setFolder(folder);    

        

        mailLoopMonitor.setIdGenerator(idGenerator);       

        mailLoopMonitor.setMailChecker(pop3MailChecker);        

        mailLoopMonitor.setMailSender(mailSender);  

        mailLoopMonitor.setSender(sender);

        mailLoopMonitor.setRecipient(recipient);

        mailLoopMonitor.setSubject(subject);

        mailLoopMonitor.setMessage(message);      

        Status status =mailLoopMonitor.check(name);

        

        assertEquals(Status.Code.CRITICAL, status.getCode());  

        assertNotNull(status.getCause());

        assertNotNull(status.getMessage()); 

        // verify

        context.assertIsSatisfied();

    }

    

    @Test

    public void shouldReturnErrorStatusOnOpenFolderFailure()throws Exception{

        //set up

        final MailSender mailSender = context.mock(MailSender.class);

        final Store store=context.mock(Store.class);

        final Folder folder=context.mock(Folder.class);

        

        final String name="MailLoopMonitor";

        final String recipient="yves.guo@localhost.com";

        final String sender="yves.guo@vanad.com.cn";

        final String subject="TestSubject";

        final String message="TestBody";    

        final MailLoopMonitor mailLoopMonitor = new MailLoopMonitor(); 

        final Pop3MailChecker pop3MailChecker=new Pop3MailChecker();    



        // expectations

        context.checking(new Expectations() {

            {      

                one(mailSender).sendMessage(with(any(MimeMessage.class)),with(any(String.class)),with(any(Collection.class)));

                allowing(store).connect(with(any(String.class)),with(any(String.class)),with(any(String.class)));

                allowing(store).isConnected();will(returnValue(false));

                allowing(store).close();

                allowing(folder).open(Folder.READ_WRITE);will(throwException(new MessagingException()));

                allowing(folder).close(true);

                allowing(folder).isOpen();will(returnValue(false));

            }

        });

        //execute

        pop3MailChecker.setStore(store);

        pop3MailChecker.setFolder(folder);    

        

        mailLoopMonitor.setIdGenerator(new MailIdGenerator());       

        mailLoopMonitor.setMailChecker(pop3MailChecker);        

        mailLoopMonitor.setMailSender(mailSender);  

        mailLoopMonitor.setSender(sender);

        mailLoopMonitor.setRecipient(recipient);

        mailLoopMonitor.setSubject(subject);

        mailLoopMonitor.setMessage(message);      

        Status status =mailLoopMonitor.check(name);

        

        assertEquals(Status.Code.CRITICAL, status.getCode());  

        assertNotNull(status.getCause());

        assertNotNull(status.getMessage());   

        // verify

        context.assertIsSatisfied();

    }

    

}

刘铮 2007-12-04 14:00 发表评论

BlogJava-liuzheng-文章分类-Jmock

jmock测试的准备工作

Mocking Classes with jMock and the ClassImposteriser

Raw

JUnit 3

JUnit 4

Jmock和Junit4结合进行mock测试

jMock 2 Cheat Sheet

Test Fixture Class

Raw

JUnit 3 Integration

JUnit 4 Integration

Creating Mock Objects

Raw

JUnit 3 Integration

JUnit 4 Integration

Tests with Expectations

Raw

JUnit 3 Integration

JUnit 4 Integration

Expectations

Invocation Count

Methods And Expectations

Argument Matchers

Actions

Sequences

Raw

JUnit 3

JUnit 4

States

Raw

JUnit 3

JUnit 4