System.out.println("availableLocales :"+  Locale.getAvailableLocales().length);

Locale[] arr=Locale.getAvailableLocales();
 Arrays.sort(arr, new Comparator<Locale>() {
    @Override
 public int compare(Locale o1, Locale o2) {
        return o1.getLanguage().compareTo(o2.getLanguage());
    }
});

for(Locale l:arr){
    System.out.println("语言:"+  l.getLanguage()+" 名称:"+l.getDisplayLanguage()
            +(StringUtils.isEmpty(l.getDisplayCountry())?"":(" 国家:"+ l.getDisplayCountry())) + " "+l.toString());
}

• all to suppress all warnings
• boxing to suppress warnings relative to boxing/unboxing operations
• cast to suppress warnings relative to cast operations
• dep-ann to suppress warnings relative to deprecated annotation
• deprecation to suppress warnings relative to deprecation
• fallthrough to suppress warnings relative to missing breaks in switch statements
• finally to suppress warnings relative to finally block that don't return
• hiding to suppress warnings relative to locals that hide variable
• incomplete-switch to suppress warnings relative to missing entries in a switch statement (enum case)
• nls to suppress warnings relative to non-nls string literals
• null to suppress warnings relative to null analysis
• restriction to suppress warnings relative to usage of discouraged or forbidden references
• serial to suppress warnings relative to missing serialVersionUID field for a serializable class
• static-access to suppress warnings relative to incorrect static access
• synthetic-access to suppress warnings relative to unoptimized access from inner classes
• unchecked to suppress warnings relative to unchecked operations
• unqualified-field-access to suppress warnings relative to field access unqualified
• unused to suppress warnings relative to unused code

Java保证读和写32位数或者更小的值是原子操作，也就是说可以在一步完成，因而不可能被打断，因此这样的读和写不需要同步。以下的代码是线程安全(thread safe)的：

public class Example{
　 private int value; // More code here...
　 public void set (int x){
　　 // NOTE: No synchronized keyword
　　 this.value = x;
　 }
}

不过，这个保证仅限于读和写，下面的代码不是线程安全的：

public void increment (){
　 // This is effectively two or three instructions:
　 // 1) Read current setting of ’value’.
　 // 2) Increment that setting.
　 // 3) Write the new setting back.
　 ++this.value;
}

found a bug , see "connected = true;" in public void connect() throws IOException {

Note: 05/11/01 Sam Found a patch for borland

As I got the email:

Just writing to inform you theis patch for 1.3 works with the 1.3 shipped with borland JBuilder 4 (not sure which excat version it is)

the only problems I had where that the code was a bit messed up, following are the changes made to it to make it work.

				
  public void SetTimeout(int i) 
    throws SocketException 
  { 
    this.timeout = i; // Should be i not -1   <------------ERROR 
    serverSocket.setSoTimeout(i) ; 
  } 

  public boolean parseHTTP(MessageHeader header, ProgressEntry entry) 
    throws java.io.IOException 
  { 
    if( this.timeout != -1 ) { 
      try { 
        serverSocket.setSoTimeout(timeout) ; // should be timeout not i <---------------ERROR 
      } catch( SocketException e ) { 
        throw new java.io.IOException("unable to set socket timeout!") ; 
      } 
    } 

    return super.parseHTTP(header, entry) ; 
  } 
Sam 

Under JDK 1.3, which is HTTP 1.1 compatible, the InterruptedIOException gets caught by the socket I/O routines and ignored. input is read in "chunks". I debugged the existing code under 1.3, the Timeout is getting set properly etc., but the exception gets caught in the underlying I/O routines, which have a single retry if any IOExceptions are thrown. Thanks a lot Sun....

3/22/01: Patch for JDK 1.3 unverified

Patch code for JDK 1.3 from Matt Ho (unverified)

				
----[ snip ]----

import sun.net.www.MessageHeader ;
import sun.net.ProgressEntry ;

.
.
.

  private int timeout = -1 ;

  public void SetTimeout(int i)
    throws SocketException
  {
    this.timeout = -1 ;
    serverSocket.setSoTimeout(i) ;
  }

  public boolean parseHTTP(MessageHeader header, ProgressEntry entry)
    throws java.io.IOException
  {
    if( this.timeout != -1 ) {
      try {
        serverSocket.setSoTimeout(i) ;
      } catch( SocketException e ) {
        throw new java.io.IOException("unable to set socket timeout!") ;
      }
    }

    return super.parseHTTP(header, entry) ;
  }

----[ snip ]----

On with the rest of the stuff

The BSD socket API supports a timeout option (the option is SO_TIMEOUT), which is also supported in java.net.socket. Unfortunately, java.net.URLConnection does not expose the underlying socket. So if you have a URL connection that attempts to connect to a dead URL (i.e., the URL is well formed and exists but the site is down), the socket will eventually timeout using the operating system's default timeout (420 seconds on Win NT). The timeout is a very long time, e.g., for spiders or URL checking.

The following files illustrate a technique to introduce a socket timeout to URL connection, based upon the actual java source code itself (see the open source community licensing at JavaSoft).

The Base classes, or URLConnection internals

Java's implementation of networking is protocol independent, as well as object oriented. Therefore the implementation is not as straightfoward as one might imagine.

URLConnection relies upon several internal classes using a client/server model as well as a "factory" design pattern. The client's base class is sun.net.www.http.HttpClient. This class is extended for the purpose of exposing the socket.

The default factory is URLStreamHandlerFactory, which indirectly "handles" the creation of an HTTP client by instantiating a class that is specific to the HTTP protocol: sun.net.www.protocol.http.Handler. The handler actually creates the client.

In practice, the factory is only necessary to mimic java's implementation, but only the Handler is really needed.

Derived Classes

We derive 4 classes so as to preserve the symmetry with the java source code:

On with the source code.

HttpURLConnectionTimeout

// whatever package you want
import sun.net.www.http.HttpClient;
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
public class HttpClientTimeout extends HttpClient
{
    public HttpClientTimeout(URL url, String proxy, int proxyPort) throws IOException
	{
		super(url, proxy, proxyPort);
	}

    public HttpClientTimeout(URL url) throws IOException
	{
		super(url, null, -1);
    }

	public void SetTimeout(int i) throws SocketException { 
    	serverSocket.setSoTimeout(i); 
    } 

    /* This class has no public constructor for HTTP.  This method is used to
     * get an HttpClient to the specifed URL.  If there's currently an
     * active HttpClient to that server/port, you'll get that one.
	 *
	 * no longer syncrhonized -- it slows things down too much
	 * synchronize at a higher level
     */
    public static HttpClientTimeout GetNew(URL url)  
    throws IOException {
	/* see if one's already around */
	HttpClientTimeout ret = (HttpClientTimeout) kac.get(url);
	if (ret == null) {
	    ret = new HttpClientTimeout (url);  // CTOR called openServer()
	} else {
	    ret.url = url;
	}
	// don't know if we're keeping alive until we parse the headers
	// for now, keepingAlive is false
	return ret;
    }

	public void Close() throws IOException
	{
		serverSocket.close();
	}

	public Socket GetSocket()
	{
		return serverSocket;
	}


}

HttpTimeoutFactory

import java.net.*;

public class HttpTimeoutFactory implements URLStreamHandlerFactory
{
	int fiTimeoutVal;
	public HttpTimeoutFactory(int iT) { fiTimeoutVal = iT; }
	public URLStreamHandler createURLStreamHandler(String str)
	{
		return new HttpTimeoutHandler(fiTimeoutVal); 
	}

}

HttpTimeoutHandler

import java.net.*;
import java.io.IOException;

public class HttpTimeoutHandler extends sun.net.www.protocol.http.Handler
{
	int fiTimeoutVal;
	HttpURLConnectionTimeout fHUCT;
	public HttpTimeoutHandler(int iT) { fiTimeoutVal = iT; }

    protected java.net.URLConnection openConnection(URL u) throws IOException {
		return fHUCT = new HttpURLConnectionTimeout(u, this, fiTimeoutVal);
    }

    String GetProxy() { return proxy; }		// breaking encapsulation
    int GetProxyPort() { return proxyPort; }    // breaking encapsulation

	public void Close() throws Exception 
	{
		fHUCT.Close();
	}

	public Socket GetSocket()
	{
		return fHUCT.GetSocket();
	}
}

HttpURLConnectionTimeout

import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
import sun.net.www.http.HttpClient;

public class HttpURLConnectionTimeout extends sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection
{
	int fiTimeoutVal;
    HttpTimeoutHandler fHandler;
	HttpClientTimeout fClient;
  	public HttpURLConnectionTimeout(URL u, HttpTimeoutHandler handler, int iTimeout) throws IOException
	{   
    	super(u, handler);
		fiTimeoutVal = iTimeout;
	}

	public HttpURLConnectionTimeout(URL u,  String host, int port) throws IOException
	{  
    	super(u, host, port);
	}

    public void connect() throws IOException {
	if (connected) {
	    return;
	}
	try {
	    if ("http".equals(url.getProtocol()) /* && !failedOnce <- PRIVATE */ ) {
		// for safety's sake, as reported by KLGroup
		synchronized (url)
		{
			http = HttpClientTimeout.GetNew(url);
		}
		fClient = (HttpClientTimeout)http;
   		((HttpClientTimeout)http).SetTimeout(fiTimeoutVal);
	    } else {
		// make sure to construct new connection if first
		// attempt failed
		http = new HttpClientTimeout(url, fHandler.GetProxy(), fHandler.GetProxyPort());
	    }
	    ps = (PrintStream)http.getOutputStream();
	} catch (IOException e) {
	    throw e;  }
		// this was missing from the original version
		connected = true;
	}

    /**
     * Create a new HttpClient object, bypassing the cache of
     * HTTP client objects/connections.
     *
     * @param url	the URL being accessed
     */
    protected HttpClient getNewClient (URL url)
    throws IOException {
		HttpClientTimeout client = new HttpClientTimeout (url, (String)null, -1);
		try {
		client.SetTimeout(fiTimeoutVal);
		} catch (Exception e) 
		{ System.out.println("Unable to set timeout value"); }
	return (HttpClient)client; 
    }

    /**
     * opens a stream allowing redirects only to the same host.
     */
    public static InputStream openConnectionCheckRedirects(URLConnection c)
	throws IOException
    {
        boolean redir;
        int redirects = 0;
        InputStream in = null;

        do {
            if (c instanceof HttpURLConnectionTimeout) {
                ((HttpURLConnectionTimeout) c).setInstanceFollowRedirects(false);
            }

            // We want to open the input stream before
            // getting headers, because getHeaderField()
            // et al swallow IOExceptions.
            in = c.getInputStream();
            redir = false;

            if (c instanceof HttpURLConnectionTimeout) {
                HttpURLConnectionTimeout http = (HttpURLConnectionTimeout) c;
                int stat = http.getResponseCode();
                if (stat >= 300 && stat <= 305 &&
                        stat != HttpURLConnection.HTTP_NOT_MODIFIED) {
                    URL base = http.getURL();
                    String loc = http.getHeaderField("Location");
                    URL target = null;
                    if (loc != null) {
                        target = new URL(base, loc);
                    }
                    http.disconnect();
                    if (target == null
                        || !base.getProtocol().equals(target.getProtocol())
                        || base.getPort() != target.getPort()
                        || !HostsEquals(base, target)
                        || redirects >= 5)
                    {
                        throw new SecurityException("illegal URL redirect");
		    }
                    redir = true;
                    c = target.openConnection();
                    redirects++;
                }
            }
        } while (redir);
        return in;
    }

    // Same as java.net.URL.hostsEqual


	static boolean HostsEquals(URL u1, URL u2) 
    { 
        final String h1 = u1.getHost();
        final String h2 = u2.getHost();

        if (h1 == null) {
            return h2 == null;
        } else if (h2 == null) {
            return false;
        } else if (h1.equalsIgnoreCase(h2)) {
            return true;
        }
            // Have to resolve addresses before comparing, otherwise
            // names like tachyon and tachyon.eng would compare different
        final boolean result[] = {false};

        java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
            new java.security.PrivilegedAction() {
            public Object run() {
            try {
                InetAddress a1 = InetAddress.getByName(h1);
                InetAddress a2 = InetAddress.getByName(h2);
                result[0] = a1.equals(a2);
            } catch(UnknownHostException e) {
            } catch(SecurityException e) {
            }
            return null;
            }
        });

        return result[0];
	}

	void Close() throws Exception
	{
		fClient.Close();
	}

	Socket GetSocket()
	{
		return fClient.GetSocket();
	}
}

Sample Usage #1

import java.net.*;
public class MainTest
{

	public static void main(String args[])
	{
	    int i = 0;
    	try {
			URL theURL = new URL((URL)null, "http://www.snowball.com", new HttpTimeoutHandler(150)); // timeout value in milliseconds

	        // the next step is optional
			theURL.setURLStreamHandlerFactory(new HttpTimeoutFactory(150));


			URLConnection theURLconn = theURL.openConnection();
	        theURLconn.connect();
    	    i = theURLconn.getContentLength();
        }
        catch (InterruptedIOException e)
        {
        	System.out.println("timeout on socket");
        }
        System.out.println("Done, Length:" + i);
	}
}

Sample Usage #2

		try
		{
			HttpTimeoutHandler xHTH = new HttpTimeoutHandler(10);	// timeout value in milliseconds
	        URL theURL = new URL((URL)null, "http://www.javasoft.com", xHTH);
	        HttpURLConnection theUC = theURL.openConnection();
			.
			.
			.
		}
		catch (InterruptedIOException e)
		{
			// socket timed out

		}

Some remarks: this code is thread safe.

More to come

来源:http://www.logicamente.com/sockets.html

     http://www.edevs.com/java-programming/15068/

Thanks Felipe!

If I understand information at http://www.logicamente.com/sockets.html correctly there are 2 problems with timeout when using HttpURLConnection in JDK 1.3:

1. HttpURLConnection does not allow changing the default timeout that is in order of few minutes.

2. If actual HTTP stream is chunked then HttpURLConnection ignores even the default timeout and tries to read what it perceives as a continued stream resulting in indefinite read wait.

The patch shown at the above URL, consisting of subclassing of 4 system classes (1 from java.net... and 3 from sun.net.www...), is aimed to resolve problem 1 above but does not help in problem 2.

My main problem is to have timeout when reading chunked stream (system default timeout will be ok to beginning with) and therefore the question is if this bug has been corrected in later versions of JDK? Thanks.

-----

I have seen much chat about this "problem", that is setSoTimeout not available or not working properly.

how about you write your own Timer (resettable) or 1.4 has Timer class

you just reset it anytime you detect network activity and close the Socket if the Timer finishes its cycle?

Date: 23 Jan 2004 09:14:16 -0800
After spending nearly 3 days on this problem to come up with a

solution I think it is only right to post the solution.

I found that you can't set the soTimeout on an HttpURLConnection as
the sockets are encapsulated within the HttpURLConnection
implementation.

I found Mike Reiche solution in which he uses a handler to set a
timeout value. This nearly worked. Looking at the code in the rt.jar I
found that the initial timeout was working, but the call
parseHTTP(...) in HttpClient was then attempting a second connection
which had a time out value of 0(infinite).

I modified the code to override the doConnect() in the NetworkClient
and managed to get a timeout occurring. To be exact two timeouts
occur.

It works on
java version "1.4.0_03"
Java(TM) 2 Runtime Environment, Standard Edition (build 1.4.0_03-b04)
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 1.4.0_03-b04, mixed mode)
and
java version "1.2.2"
Classic VM (build JDK-1.2.2_013, native threads, symcjit)

Anyway here is the code, excuse the formatting.

/* HttpTimeoutURLConnection.java */
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
import sun.net.www.http.HttpClient;

// Need to override any function in HttpURLConnection that create a
new HttpClient
// and create a HttpTimeoutClient instead. Those functions are
// connect(), getNewClient(), getProxiedClient()

public class HttpTimeoutURLConnection extends
sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection
{

    public HttpTimeoutURLConnection(URL u, HttpTimeoutHandler handler,
int iSoTimeout)
        throws IOException
    {
        super(u, handler);
        HttpTimeoutClient.setSoTimeout(iSoTimeout);
    }

    public void connect() throws IOException
    {
        if (connected)
        {
            return;
        }

        try
        {
            if ("http".equals(url.getProtocol())) // && !failedOnce <-
PRIVATE
            {
                // for safety's sake, as reported by KLGroup
                synchronized (url)
                {
                    http = HttpTimeoutClient.getNew(url);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                if (handler instanceof HttpTimeoutHandler)
                {
                    http = new HttpTimeoutClient(super.url,
((HttpTimeoutHandler)handler).getProxy(),
((HttpTimeoutHandler)handler).getProxyPort());
                }
                else
                {
                    throw new IOException("HttpTimeoutHandler
expected");
                }
            }

            ps = (PrintStream)http.getOutputStream();
        }
        catch (IOException e)
        {
            throw e;
        }

        connected = true;
    }

    protected HttpClient getNewClient(URL url)
        throws IOException
    {
        HttpTimeoutClient httpTimeoutClient = new HttpTimeoutClient
(url, (String)null, -1);
        return httpTimeoutClient;
    }

    protected HttpClient getProxiedClient(URL url, String s, int i)
        throws IOException
    {
        HttpTimeoutClient httpTimeoutClient = new HttpTimeoutClient
(url, s, i);
        return httpTimeoutClient;
    }

}

/* HttpTimeoutHandler.java */
import java.net.*;
import java.io.IOException;

public class HttpTimeoutHandler extends
sun.net.www.protocol.http.Handler
{
    private int iSoTimeout=0;

    public HttpTimeoutHandler(int iSoTimeout)
    {
        // Divide the time out by two because two connection attempts
are made
        // in HttpClient.parseHTTP()

        if (iSoTimeout%2!=0)
        {
            iSoTimeout++;
        }
        this.iSoTimeout = (iSoTimeout/2);
    }

    protected java.net.URLConnection openConnection(URL u) throws
IOException
    {
        return new HttpTimeoutURLConnection(u, this, iSoTimeout);
    }

    protected String getProxy()
    {
        return proxy;
    }

    protected int getProxyPort()
    {
        return proxyPort;
    }
}

/* HttpTimeoutFactory.java */
import java.net.*;

public class HttpTimeoutFactory implements URLStreamHandlerFactory
{
    private int iSoTimeout=0;

    public HttpTimeoutFactory(int iSoTimeout)
    {
        this.iSoTimeout = iSoTimeout;
    }

    public URLStreamHandler createURLStreamHandler(String str)
    {
        return new HttpTimeoutHandler(iSoTimeout);
    }
}

/* HttpTimeoutClient.java */
import sun.net.www.http.HttpClient;
import java.net.*;
import sun.net.*;
import sun.net.www.*;
import java.io.*;

public class HttpTimeoutClient extends HttpClient
{
    private static int iSoTimeout=0;

    public HttpTimeoutClient(URL url, String proxy, int proxyPort)
throws IOException
    {
        super(url, proxy, proxyPort);
    }

    public HttpTimeoutClient(URL url) throws IOException
    {
        super(url, null, -1);
    }

    public static HttpTimeoutClient getNew(URL url)
        throws IOException
    {
        HttpTimeoutClient httpTimeoutClient = (HttpTimeoutClient)
kac.get(url);

        if (httpTimeoutClient == null)
        {
            httpTimeoutClient = new HttpTimeoutClient (url); // CTOR
called openServer()
        }
        else
        {
            httpTimeoutClient.url = url;
        }

        return httpTimeoutClient;
    }

    public static void setSoTimeout(int iNewSoTimeout)
    {
        iSoTimeout=iNewSoTimeout;
    }

    public static int getSoTimeout()
    {
        return iSoTimeout;
    }

    // Override doConnect in NetworkClient

    protected Socket doConnect(String s, int i)
        throws IOException, UnknownHostException, SocketException
    {
        Socket socket=super.doConnect(s,i);

        // This is the important bit
        socket.setSoTimeout(iSoTimeout);
        return socket;
    }

}

/* Example use */
import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;

public class SystemProperty
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        String sSoapUrl="http://192.168.0.223/mobaqSecurity/SslTunnelServlet";
        System.out.println("Connecting to [" + sSoapUrl + "]");

        URLConnection urlConnection = null;
        URL url=null;

        try
        {
            url = new URL((URL)null, sSoapUrl, new
HttpTimeoutHandler(10000));
            urlConnection = url.openConnection();

            // Optional
            url.setURLStreamHandlerFactory(new
HttpTimeoutFactory(10000));

            System.out.println("Url class
["+urlConnection.getClass().getName()+"]");
        }
        catch (MalformedURLException mue)
        {
            System.out.println(">>MalformedURLException<<");
            mue.printStackTrace();
        }
        catch (IOException ioe)
        {
            System.out.println(">>IOException<<");
            ioe.printStackTrace();
        }

        HttpURLConnection httpConnection =
(HttpURLConnection)urlConnection;
        System.out.println("Connected to [" + sSoapUrl + "]");

        byte[] messageBytes=new byte[10000];
        for (int i=0; i<10000; i++)
        {
            messageBytes[i]=80;
        }

        try
        {
            httpConnection.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Close");
            httpConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Length",
String.valueOf(messageBytes.length));
            httpConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
"text/xml; charset=utf-8");
            httpConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
            httpConnection.setDoOutput(true);
            httpConnection.setDoInput(true);
        }
        catch (ProtocolException pe)
        {
            System.out.println(">>ProtocolException<<");
            pe.printStackTrace();
        }

        OutputStream outputStream=null;

        try
        {
            System.out.println("Getting output stream");
            outputStream =httpConnection.getOutputStream();
            System.out.println("Got output stream");

            outputStream.write(messageBytes);
        }
        catch (IOException ioe)
        {
            System.out.println(">>IOException<<");
            ioe.printStackTrace();
        }

        try
        {
            System.out.println("Getting input stream");
            InputStream is=httpConnection.getInputStream();
            System.out.println("Got input stream");

            byte[] buf = new byte[1000];
            int i;

            while((i = is.read(buf)) > 0)
            {
                System.out.println(""+new String(buf));
            }
            is.close();
        }
        catch (Exception ie)
        {
            ie.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

HttpURLConnection是基于HTTP协议的，其底层通过socket通信实 现。如果不设置超时（timeout），在网络异常的情况下，可能会导致程序僵死而不继续往下执行。可以通过以下两个语句来设置相应的超时：
System.setProperty("sun.net.client.defaultConnectTimeout", 超时毫秒数字符串);
System.setProperty("sun.net.client.defaultReadTimeout", 超时毫秒数字符串);

其中： sun.net.client.defaultConnectTimeout：连接主机的超时时间（单位：毫秒）
sun.net.client.defaultReadTimeout： 从主机读取数据的超时时间（单位：毫秒）

例如：
System.setProperty("sun.net.client.defaultConnectTimeout", "30000");
System.setProperty("sun.net.client.defaultReadTimeout", "30000");

JDK 1.5以前的版本，只能通过设置这两个系统属性来控制网络超时。在1.5中，还可以使用HttpURLConnection的父类 URLConnection的以下两个方法：
setConnectTimeout：设置连接主机超时（单位：毫秒）
setReadTimeout： 设置从主机读取数据超时（单位：毫秒）

例如：
HttpURLConnection urlCon = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
urlCon.setConnectTimeout(30000);
urlCon.setReadTimeout(30000);

来源:http://www.xd-tech.com.cn/blog/article.asp?id=37

另外可参考java中处理http连接超时的方法

JDK中的URLConnection参数详解

linux下设置connect连接超时的方法

java socket 用法(一)

Linux，可以修改/proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_syn_retries的值，缺省是72，大约5分钟左右，改小点时间就短些

使用的编码是GBK,在JDK1.5运行抛出异常：

java.io.CharConversionException: Not an ISO 8859-1 character: 树

at javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream.print(ServletOutputStream.java:88)

问题可能出现在ServletOutputStream上，于是用PrintWriter替换了ServletOutputStream，运行正确，如：

PrintWriter pw = response.getWriter();
pw.print(tree);

参考:

http://hi.baidu.com/icewee/blog/item/24f28d24016f536934a80f11.html