﻿<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:trackback="http://madskills.com/public/xml/rss/module/trackback/" xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/" xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/"><channel><title>语源科技BlogJava-awed</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/</link><description /><language>zh-cn</language><lastBuildDate>Tue, 21 Apr 2026 17:46:26 GMT</lastBuildDate><pubDate>Tue, 21 Apr 2026 17:46:26 GMT</pubDate><ttl>60</ttl><item><title>Java书籍分享</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2010/09/18/332385.html</link><dc:creator>一鸣</dc:creator><author>一鸣</author><pubDate>Sat, 18 Sep 2010 08:51:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2010/09/18/332385.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/comments/332385.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2010/09/18/332385.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/comments/commentRss/332385.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/services/trackbacks/332385.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[书籍分离开<br />
<a title="Apress.The.Definitive.Guide.to.Jython.Python.for.the.Java.Platform.Feb.2010" href="http://freakshare.net/files/qe43cemu/Apress.The.Definitive.Guide.to.Jython.Python.for.the.Java.Platform.Feb.2010.rar.html">Apress.The.Definitive.Guide.to.Jython.Python.for.the.Java.Platform.Feb.2010</a><br />
<br />
<a title="Apress.Beginning.Java.and.Flex.Dec.2009" href="http://freakshare.net/files/8b69l01l/Apress.Beginning.Java.and.Flex.Dec.2009.rar.html">Apress.Beginning.Java.and.Flex.Dec.2009</a><br />
<br />
<img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/aggbug/332385.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/" target="_blank">一鸣</a> 2010-09-18 16:51 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2010/09/18/332385.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>WebService简介</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2009/06/29/284561.html</link><dc:creator>一鸣</dc:creator><author>一鸣</author><pubDate>Mon, 29 Jun 2009 03:10:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2009/06/29/284561.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/comments/284561.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2009/06/29/284561.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/comments/commentRss/284561.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/services/trackbacks/284561.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 摘要: &nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2009/06/29/284561.html'>阅读全文</a><img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/aggbug/284561.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/" target="_blank">一鸣</a> 2009-06-29 11:10 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2009/06/29/284561.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>利用JS获取上传文件大小</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/07/04/212498.html</link><dc:creator>一鸣</dc:creator><author>一鸣</author><pubDate>Fri, 04 Jul 2008 01:58:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/07/04/212498.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/comments/212498.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/07/04/212498.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>3</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/comments/commentRss/212498.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/services/trackbacks/212498.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<div style="border: 1px solid #cccccc; padding: 4px 5px 4px 4px; background-color: #eeeeee; font-size: 13px; width: 98%;"><!--<br />
<br />
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br />
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br />
<br />
--><span style="color: #000000;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #000000;">script&nbsp;language</span><span style="color: #000000;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">JavaScript</span><span style="color: #000000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #000000;">&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
</span><span style="color: #000000;">&lt;!--</span><span style="color: #000000;">&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span><span style="color: #000000;">&nbsp;ShowSize(files)&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
{&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">var</span><span style="color: #000000;">&nbsp;fso,f;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;fso</span><span style="color: #000000;">=</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span><span style="color: #000000;">&nbsp;ActiveXObject(</span><span style="color: #000000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">Scripting.FileSystemObject</span><span style="color: #000000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">);&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;f</span><span style="color: #000000;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">fso.GetFile(files);<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">var</span><span style="color: #000000;">&nbsp;fileSize&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">&nbsp;f.size&nbsp;;<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span><span style="color: #000000;">((fileSize</span><span style="color: #000000;">/</span><span style="color: #000000;">1024</span><span style="color: #000000;">)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #000000;">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000;">1024</span><span style="color: #000000;">){<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;alert(fileSize</span><span style="color: #000000;">/</span><span style="color: #000000;">1024</span><span style="color: #000000;">+</span><span style="color: #000000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">K</span><span style="color: #000000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">);<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;}</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">else</span><span style="color: #000000;">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span><span style="color: #000000;">(&nbsp;((fileSize</span><span style="color: #000000;">/</span><span style="color: #000000;">1024</span><span style="color: #000000;">)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #000000;">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000;">1024</span><span style="color: #000000;">)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000;">&amp;&amp;</span><span style="color: #000000;">&nbsp;((fileSize</span><span style="color: #000000;">/</span><span style="color: #000000;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">1024</span><span style="color: #000000;">*</span><span style="color: #000000;">1024</span><span style="color: #000000;">))&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #000000;">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000;">1024</span><span style="color: #000000;">)){<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;alert(fileSize</span><span style="color: #000000;">/</span><span style="color: #000000;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">1024</span><span style="color: #000000;">*</span><span style="color: #000000;">1024</span><span style="color: #000000;">)</span><span style="color: #000000;">+</span><span style="color: #000000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">M</span><span style="color: #000000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">);<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;}</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">else</span><span style="color: #000000;">{<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;alert(fileSize</span><span style="color: #000000;">/</span><span style="color: #000000;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">1024</span><span style="color: #000000;">*</span><span style="color: #000000;">1024</span><span style="color: #000000;">*</span><span style="color: #000000;">1024</span><span style="color: #000000;">)</span><span style="color: #000000;">+</span><span style="color: #000000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">G</span><span style="color: #000000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">)<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;}<br />
}&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
</span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">--&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #008000;"><br />
</span><span style="color: #000000;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #000000;">script</span><span style="color: #000000;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #000000;">&nbsp; <br />
</span><br />
</div>
<img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/aggbug/212498.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/" target="_blank">一鸣</a> 2008-07-04 09:58 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/07/04/212498.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>Sybase数据库清除日志的做法</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/06/18/208786.html</link><dc:creator>一鸣</dc:creator><author>一鸣</author><pubDate>Wed, 18 Jun 2008 02:09:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/06/18/208786.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/comments/208786.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/06/18/208786.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/comments/commentRss/208786.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/services/trackbacks/208786.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[最近在项目中使用Sybase，发现数据库日志满了，所以在网上淘了两条语句，拿出来贴一下，<br />
<br />
<span class="t18">1．打开查询分析器，输入命令<br />
DUMP TRANSACTION 数据库名 WITH NO_LOG<br />
2.再打开企业管理器--右键你要压缩的数据库--所有任务--收缩数据库--收缩文件--选择日志文件--在收缩方式里选择收缩至XXM,这里会给出一个允许收缩到的最小M数,直接输入这个数,确定就可以了。<br />
<br />
清除Log有两种方法：<br />
<br />
　　1.自动清除法<br />
<br />
　　开放数据库选项 Trunc Log on Chkpt，使数据库系统每隔一段时间自动清除Log。此方法的优点是无须人工干预，由SQL　Server自动执行，并且一般不会出现Log溢满的情况；缺点是只清除Log而不做备份。<br />
<br />
　　2.手动清除法<br />
<br />
　　执行命令&#8220;dump transaction&#8221;来清除Log。以下两条命令都可以清除日志：<br />
<br />
dump transaction with truncate_only<br />
dump transaction with no_log <br />
<br />
　　通常删除事务日志中不活跃的部分可使用&#8220;dump transaction with trancate_only&#8221;命令，这条命令写进事务日志时，还要做必要的并发性检查。SYBASE提供&#8220;dump transaction with no_log&#8221;来处理某些非常紧迫的情况，使用这条命令有很大的危险性，SQL　Server会弹出一条警告信息。为了尽量确保数据库的一致性，你应将它作为&#8220;最后一招&#8221;。<br />
<br />
　　以上两种方法只??清除日志，而不做日志备份，若想备份日志，应执行&#8220;dump transaction database_name to dumpdevice&#8221;命令。 <br />
<br />
PS:附一个更好的方法<br />
<br />
先分离数据库后，直接删除日志以后,再在查询分析器里用<br />
<br />
exec sp_attach_single_file_db '数据库名', '.mdf文件路径' <br />
命令附加数据库。 OVER.在别的地方看到的 不错。</span> 
<img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/aggbug/208786.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/" target="_blank">一鸣</a> 2008-06-18 10:09 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/06/18/208786.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>SQL Server教程。</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/04/28/196701.html</link><dc:creator>一鸣</dc:creator><author>一鸣</author><pubDate>Mon, 28 Apr 2008 01:53:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/04/28/196701.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/comments/196701.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/04/28/196701.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/comments/commentRss/196701.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/services/trackbacks/196701.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[最近去面试了两家比较大的公司，感觉自己在SQL上还有欠缺，有些地方需要进行加强，所以找了些SQL的资料来看，现在在这里把它贴出来，希望对大家能有用。<br />
<a style="color: #0000ff" href="/Files/awed/1-5.rar">/Files/awed/1-5.rar</a><br />
<a href="/Files/awed/6-13.rar">/Files/awed/6-13.rar</a>
<img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/aggbug/196701.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/" target="_blank">一鸣</a> 2008-04-28 09:53 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/04/28/196701.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>常用验证JS</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/04/22/194798.html</link><dc:creator>一鸣</dc:creator><author>一鸣</author><pubDate>Tue, 22 Apr 2008 08:21:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/04/22/194798.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/comments/194798.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/04/22/194798.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/comments/commentRss/194798.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/services/trackbacks/194798.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 摘要: //是否为空校验function&nbsp;isEmpty(s)&nbsp;{&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;var&nbsp;lll=trim(s);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if(&nbsp;lll&nbsp;==&nbsp;null&nbsp;||&nbsp;lll.length&nbsp;==&nbsp;0&nbsp;)&nbsp;&n...&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/04/22/194798.html'>阅读全文</a><img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/aggbug/194798.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/" target="_blank">一鸣</a> 2008-04-22 16:21 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/04/22/194798.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>DWR+VML实时曲线</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/04/22/194794.html</link><dc:creator>一鸣</dc:creator><author>一鸣</author><pubDate>Tue, 22 Apr 2008 08:18:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/04/22/194794.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/comments/194794.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/04/22/194794.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/comments/commentRss/194794.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/services/trackbacks/194794.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 摘要: 最近公司要求做一个WEB端的服务器实时流量利用率监控曲线！具体做法是后台采用SNMP4J采集服务器流量，前台采用DWR调用后台Bean得到数据，然后利用VML显示曲线。1、DWR配置，先把DWR.jar加入到WEB-INF/lib下。&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;在web.xml下加入如下片段：&lt;servlet&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs...&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/04/22/194794.html'>阅读全文</a><img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/aggbug/194794.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/" target="_blank">一鸣</a> 2008-04-22 16:18 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/04/22/194794.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>oralce学习笔记2</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/04/18/193961.html</link><dc:creator>一鸣</dc:creator><author>一鸣</author><pubDate>Fri, 18 Apr 2008 02:02:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/04/18/193961.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/comments/193961.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/04/18/193961.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/comments/commentRss/193961.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/services/trackbacks/193961.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[08-4-17下午和晚上<br />
<div style="border-right: #cccccc 1px solid; padding-right: 5px; border-top: #cccccc 1px solid; padding-left: 4px; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px; border-left: #cccccc 1px solid; width: 98%; word-break: break-all; padding-top: 4px; border-bottom: #cccccc 1px solid; background-color: #eeeeee"><img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">having&nbsp;对分组进行限制，</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />--</span><span style="color: #008080">查询按部门分组统计平均工资大于2000的部门</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">round</span><span style="color: #000000">(</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">avg</span><span style="color: #000000">(sal),</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">2</span><span style="color: #000000">),deptno&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">group</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">by</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;deptno&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">having</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">avg</span><span style="color: #000000">(sal)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">2000</span><span style="color: #000000"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">子查询，在一个查询中包含另一个查询</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">查询员工工资大于所有员工平均工资的员工</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;ename,sal&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">where</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;sal&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;(</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">avg</span><span style="color: #000000">(sal)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp)<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">查询各部门中工资最高的员工</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;A.ename,A.sal,A.Deptno&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;A<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">join</span><span style="color: #000000"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">max</span><span style="color: #000000">(sal)&nbsp;maxsal,deptno&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">group</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">by</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;deptno)&nbsp;B<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">on</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;(A.Deptno</span><span style="color: #808080">=</span><span style="color: #000000">B.deptno&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">and</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;A.sal</span><span style="color: #808080">=</span><span style="color: #000000">B.maxsal)<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">查询各部门中工资最高的员工，和其工资等级</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;C.ename,C.sal,D.grade,C.Deptno&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;salgrade&nbsp;D&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #0000ff">join</span><span style="color: #000000"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;(</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;A.ename,A.sal,A.Deptno&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;A<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">join</span><span style="color: #000000"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">max</span><span style="color: #000000">(sal)&nbsp;maxsal,deptno&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">group</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">by</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;deptno)&nbsp;B<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">on</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;(A.Deptno</span><span style="color: #808080">=</span><span style="color: #000000">B.deptno&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">and</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;A.sal</span><span style="color: #808080">=</span><span style="color: #000000">B.maxsal))&nbsp;C<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #0000ff">on</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;(C.sal&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">between</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;D.LOSAL&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">and</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;D.HISAL)<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">查询员工的名称，工资及工资等级</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;ename,sal,&nbsp;grade&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;A,&nbsp;salgrade&nbsp;B&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">where</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;(A.Sal&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">between</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;B.losal&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">and</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;B.hisal)<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">查询所有员工的名称和其经理的名称</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;A.empno,A.ename,&nbsp;B.ename&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">as</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;marname&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;A,emp&nbsp;B&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">where</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;A.mgr</span><span style="color: #808080">=</span><span style="color: #000000">B.empno<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">查询员工的姓名和其所在部门的名称</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;ename,dname&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;a,dept&nbsp;b&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">where</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;a.deptno</span><span style="color: #808080">=</span><span style="color: #000000">b.deptno<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;ename,dname&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;a&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">join</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;dept&nbsp;b&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">on</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;a.deptno</span><span style="color: #808080">=</span><span style="color: #000000">b.deptno<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">左连接，即当左边表没有与右边表匹配的时候，显示左表的全部数据</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;A.empno,A.ename,&nbsp;B.ename&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">as</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;marname&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;A<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #ff00ff">left</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">join</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;B&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">on</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;A.mgr</span><span style="color: #808080">=</span><span style="color: #000000">B.empno<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">右连接，即当左边表没有与右边表匹配的时候，显示右表的全部数据</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;A.empno,A.ename,&nbsp;B.dname&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;A<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #ff00ff">right</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">join</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;dept&nbsp;B&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">on</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;A.deptno</span><span style="color: #808080">=</span><span style="color: #000000">B.deptno<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">求所有员工的平均薪水等级</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">avg</span><span style="color: #000000">(C.grade)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;(</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;A.Empno,A.Ename,A.Sal,A.Deptno,B.grade&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;A<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">join</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;salgrade&nbsp;B&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">on</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;A.Sal&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">between</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;B.losal&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">and</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;B.hisal)&nbsp;C<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">查询所有员工中，为经理人的名称</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;ename&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">where</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;empno&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">in</span><span style="color: #000000">(</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">distinct</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;mgr&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp)<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">比普通员工薪水还要高的经理人</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;ename&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">where</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;empno&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">in</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;(</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">distinct</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;mgr&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">where</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;mgr&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">is</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">not</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">null</span><span style="color: #000000">)<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #808080">and</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;sal&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #000000"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;(</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">max</span><span style="color: #000000">(sal)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">where</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;empno&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">not</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">in</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">distinct</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;mgr&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">where</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;mgr&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">is</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">not</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">null</span><span style="color: #000000">)</span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">所有经理人的编号&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">比较效率&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">*</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">where</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;deptno</span><span style="color: #808080">=</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">10</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">and</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;ename&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">like</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #ff0000">%A%</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #000000">;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">第一条高于第二条，当第一个条件不合适的时候就不用去核对第二个条件，而第一个条件较小所以会快些</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">*</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">where</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;ename&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">like</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #ff0000">%A%</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">and</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;deptno</span><span style="color: #808080">=</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">10</span><span style="color: #000000"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></div>
<div style="border-right: #cccccc 1px solid; padding-right: 5px; border-top: #cccccc 1px solid; padding-left: 4px; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px; border-left: #cccccc 1px solid; width: 98%; word-break: break-all; padding-top: 4px; border-bottom: #cccccc 1px solid; background-color: #eeeeee"><img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">创建表语句&nbsp;create</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000">orcal常用的类型有<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />非空约束：</span><span style="color: #808080">NOT</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">NULL</span><span style="color: #000000"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />唯一约束：</span><span style="color: #0000ff">UNIQUE</span><span style="color: #000000"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />主键约束：</span><span style="color: #0000ff">PRIMARY</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">KEY</span><span style="color: #000000"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />外建约束：</span><span style="color: #0000ff">REFERENCES</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;外键约束被参考字段必须为主键<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />如：<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #0000ff">CREATE</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">TABLE</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;CLASS(ID&nbsp;</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000">NUMBER</span><span style="color: #000000">(</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">8</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">PRIMARY</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">KEY</span><span style="color: #000000">,NAME&nbsp;</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000">VARCHAR2</span><span style="color: #000000">(</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">20</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">NOT</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">NULL</span><span style="color: #000000">)<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #0000ff">CREATE</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">TABLE</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;STUDENT&nbsp;(<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ID&nbsp;</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000">NUMBER</span><span style="color: #000000">(</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">8</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">PRIMARY</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">KEY</span><span style="color: #000000">,<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;CLASS&nbsp;</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000">NUMBER</span><span style="color: #000000">(</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">8</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">NOT</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">NULL</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">REFERENCES</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;CLASS(ID),</span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">增加了一个外键约束，关链CLASS表的ID</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;NAME&nbsp;</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000">VARCHAR2</span><span style="color: #000000">(</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">20</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">NOT</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">NULL</span><span style="color: #000000"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />)<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />也可以这样写<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #0000ff">CREATE</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">TABLE</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;STUDENT&nbsp;(<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ID&nbsp;</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000">NUMBER</span><span style="color: #000000">(</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">8</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">NOT</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">NULL</span><span style="color: #000000">,<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;CLASS&nbsp;</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000">NUMBER</span><span style="color: #000000">(</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">8</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">NOT</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">NULL</span><span style="color: #000000">，<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;NAME&nbsp;</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000">VARCHAR2</span><span style="color: #000000">(</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">20</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">NOT</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">NULL</span><span style="color: #000000">，<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">CONSTRAINT</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;S_ID_PK&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">PRIMARY</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">KEY</span><span style="color: #000000">(ID),<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">CONSTRAINT</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;S_C_RE&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">FOREIGN</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">KEY</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;(CLASS)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">REFERENCES</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;CLASS(ID)<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />)<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />明天需要弄清楚的事：<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />如何在WEBLOGIC9上建立数据源<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />在建表时跟在字段后的约束为字段级约束，建完字段后使用CONSTRAINT建立的约束为表<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />级约束，可以给约束创建约束名。<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #0000ff">CONSTRAINT</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;增加表级约束<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />如：增加约束，不能同时出现NAME，ADDRESS，AGE相同的数据<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">CREATE</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">TABLE</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;TEST&nbsp;(<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;NAME&nbsp;</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000">VARCHAR2</span><span style="color: #000000">(</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">20</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">NOT</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">NULL</span><span style="color: #000000">,<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ADDRESS&nbsp;</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000">VARCHAR2</span><span style="color: #000000">(</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">128</span><span style="color: #000000">),<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;AGE&nbsp;</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000">NUMBER</span><span style="color: #000000">(</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">2</span><span style="color: #000000">),<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">CONSTRAINT</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;NAME_ADD_AGE_UNI&nbsp;QNIQUE&nbsp;(NAME,ADDRESS,AGE)&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span></div>
 <img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/aggbug/193961.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/" target="_blank">一鸣</a> 2008-04-18 10:02 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/04/18/193961.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>oracle学习笔记</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/04/17/193664.html</link><dc:creator>一鸣</dc:creator><author>一鸣</author><pubDate>Thu, 17 Apr 2008 02:33:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/04/17/193664.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/comments/193664.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/04/17/193664.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/comments/commentRss/193664.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/services/trackbacks/193664.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[2008-4-17上午<br />
<br />
练习中所使用的表全为ORACLE安装时所表的数据及表。<br />
<br />
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<div style="border-right: #cccccc 1px solid; padding-right: 5px; border-top: #cccccc 1px solid; padding-left: 4px; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px; border-left: #cccccc 1px solid; width: 98%; word-break: break-all; padding-top: 4px; border-bottom: #cccccc 1px solid; background-color: #eeeeee"><img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">&nbsp;distinct&nbsp;去掉重复的记录</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">distinct</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;deptno,ename,sal&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">substr(str,start,len)，截取字符串，STR需要截取的字符串或列，START为从第几个字符开始，LEN截取多长</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;substr(ENAME,</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">2</span><span style="color: #000000">,</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">2</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">order</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">by</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;deptno&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">asc</span><span style="color: #000000">,ename&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">desc</span><span style="color: #000000">;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;chr(</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">65</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;dual;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">将一个数转换为字符</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">ascii</span><span style="color: #000000">(</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #ff0000">A</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;dual;</span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">求一个数的ASCII码</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">round</span><span style="color: #000000">(</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">23.652</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;dual&nbsp;;</span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">四舍五入</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">round</span><span style="color: #000000">(</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">23.45902234</span><span style="color: #000000">,</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">2</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;dual;</span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">四舍五入，后点小数2位</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;to_char(sal,</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #ff0000">$99,999.9999</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">将一个数转换为字符串并按某种格式，</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">其中一个9代表一个数字，如果不够位数取后面位，</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;to_char(sal,</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #ff0000">L99,999.9999</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;;</span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">前面加上L，即Local加上本地字符串</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;to_char(hiredate,</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #ff0000">yyyy-mm-dd&nbsp;HH:mm:ss</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;to_char(sysdate,</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #ff0000">yyyy-mm-dd&nbsp;hh24:mm:ss</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;today&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;dual&nbsp;;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">日期转换函数to_date(str1,str2)&nbsp;str1需要转换的字符串，str2为转换成什么格式</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">*</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">where</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;hiredate&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;to_date(</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #ff0000">1981-02-01</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #000000">,</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #ff0000">yyyy-mm-dd</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #000000">)<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">将字符串转换为数字to_number(str1,str2)str1需要转换的字符串，str2为转换成什么格式</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;sal&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">where</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;sal&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">&gt;</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;to_number(</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #ff0000">$1,220.00</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #000000">,</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #ff0000">$99,999.9999</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #000000">)<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">NULL情况处理，使用nvl(str1,str2)，str1为需要处理的列，STR2为为空时默认的值，如果为空时则为0，不为NULL时则直接为comm</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;ename,nvl(comm,</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">0</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;comm&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">四入五入到几位，</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">round</span><span style="color: #000000">(</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">max</span><span style="color: #000000">(sal),</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">2</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;最大工资,</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">round</span><span style="color: #000000">(</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">min</span><span style="color: #000000">(sal),</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">2</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;最小工资,</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">round</span><span style="color: #000000">(</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">avg</span><span style="color: #000000">(sal),</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #800000">2</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;平均工资&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">将数字转换为某种格式的字符串</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;to_char(</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">max</span><span style="color: #000000">(sal),</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #ff0000">L9,999.99</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;最大工资,to_char(</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">min</span><span style="color: #000000">(sal),</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #ff0000">L9,999.99</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;最小工资,to_char(</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">avg</span><span style="color: #000000">(sal),</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #ff0000">L9,999.99</span><span style="color: #ff0000">'</span><span style="color: #000000">)&nbsp;平均工资&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">group&nbsp;by分组查询</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;sal,deptno&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">group</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">by</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;deptno,sal;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #008080">--</span><span style="color: #008080">求所有员工中单个部门工资最高的员工所有信息</span><span style="color: #008080"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;A.</span><span style="color: #808080">*</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;A<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">inner</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">join</span><span style="color: #000000"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;(</span><span style="color: #0000ff">select</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;deptno,&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">max</span><span style="color: #000000">(sal)&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">as</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;total&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">from</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;emp&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">group</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">by</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;deptno)&nbsp;B<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">on</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;A.Deptno</span><span style="color: #808080">=</span><span style="color: #000000">B.deptno&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #808080">and</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;A.Sal</span><span style="color: #808080">=</span><span style="color: #000000">B.total<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span></div>
 <img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/aggbug/193664.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/" target="_blank">一鸣</a> 2008-04-17 10:33 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2008/04/17/193664.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>自动装箱与拆箱的误用</title><link>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2007/12/12/167137.html</link><dc:creator>一鸣</dc:creator><author>一鸣</author><pubDate>Wed, 12 Dec 2007 01:58:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2007/12/12/167137.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/comments/167137.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2007/12/12/167137.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>2</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/comments/commentRss/167137.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.blogjava.net/awed/services/trackbacks/167137.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<p>在JAVA JDK1.5以后具有的自动装箱与拆箱的功能，所谓的自动装箱<br />
与拆箱也就是把基本的数据类型自动的转为封装类型。<br />
如：自动装箱，它可以直接把基本类型赋值给封装类型<br />
Integer num = 10 ;<br />
Double d = 2d ;<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />
&nbsp;自动拆箱，它可以把封装类型赋值给基本类型<br />
int num = new Integer(10);<br />
double d = new Double(2d);</p>
<p>知道了自动装箱与拆箱后我们现看一下下面这两个程序代码：</p>
<div style="border-right: #cccccc 1px solid; padding-right: 5px; border-top: #cccccc 1px solid; padding-left: 4px; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px; border-left: #cccccc 1px solid; width: 98%; word-break: break-all; padding-top: 4px; border-bottom: #cccccc 1px solid; background-color: #eeeeee"><img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><span style="color: #000000">AutoBoxDemo1.java<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000">-------------------------------------------------------</span><span style="color: #000000"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #0000ff">public</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">class</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;AutoBoxDemo1&nbsp;<br />
<img id="Codehighlighter1_101_332_Open_Image" onclick="this.style.display='none'; Codehighlighter1_101_332_Open_Text.style.display='none'; Codehighlighter1_101_332_Closed_Image.style.display='inline'; Codehighlighter1_101_332_Closed_Text.style.display='inline';" src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><img id="Codehighlighter1_101_332_Closed_Image" style="display: none" onclick="this.style.display='none'; Codehighlighter1_101_332_Closed_Text.style.display='none'; Codehighlighter1_101_332_Open_Image.style.display='inline'; Codehighlighter1_101_332_Open_Text.style.display='inline';" src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span id="Codehighlighter1_101_332_Closed_Text" style="border-right: #808080 1px solid; border-top: #808080 1px solid; display: none; border-left: #808080 1px solid; border-bottom: #808080 1px solid; background-color: #ffffff"><img src="http://www.blogjava.net/Images/dot.gif"  alt="" /></span><span id="Codehighlighter1_101_332_Open_Text"><span style="color: #000000">{<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">public</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">static</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">void</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;main(String[]&nbsp;args)&nbsp;<br />
<img id="Codehighlighter1_145_330_Open_Image" onclick="this.style.display='none'; Codehighlighter1_145_330_Open_Text.style.display='none'; Codehighlighter1_145_330_Closed_Image.style.display='inline'; Codehighlighter1_145_330_Closed_Text.style.display='inline';" src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><img id="Codehighlighter1_145_330_Closed_Image" style="display: none" onclick="this.style.display='none'; Codehighlighter1_145_330_Closed_Text.style.display='none'; Codehighlighter1_145_330_Open_Image.style.display='inline'; Codehighlighter1_145_330_Open_Text.style.display='inline';" src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedSubBlock.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span id="Codehighlighter1_145_330_Closed_Text" style="border-right: #808080 1px solid; border-top: #808080 1px solid; display: none; border-left: #808080 1px solid; border-bottom: #808080 1px solid; background-color: #ffffff"><img src="http://www.blogjava.net/Images/dot.gif"  alt="" /></span><span id="Codehighlighter1_145_330_Open_Text"><span style="color: #000000">{&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Integer&nbsp;d1&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000">100</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Integer&nbsp;d2&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000">100</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">if</span><span style="color: #000000">(d1</span><span style="color: #000000">==</span><span style="color: #000000">d2)<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;System.out.println(</span><span style="color: #000000">"</span><span style="color: #000000">d1==d2</span><span style="color: #000000">"</span><span style="color: #000000">);<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">else</span><span style="color: #000000"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;System.out.println(</span><span style="color: #000000">"</span><span style="color: #000000">d1!=d2</span><span style="color: #000000">"</span><span style="color: #000000">);<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}</span></span><span style="color: #000000"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockEnd.gif" align="top"  alt="" />}</span></span><span style="color: #000000"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" />AutoBoxDemo2.java<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #000000">--------------------------------------------------------</span><span style="color: #000000"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span style="color: #0000ff">public</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">class</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;AutoBoxDemo2&nbsp;<br />
<img id="Codehighlighter1_438_669_Open_Image" onclick="this.style.display='none'; Codehighlighter1_438_669_Open_Text.style.display='none'; Codehighlighter1_438_669_Closed_Image.style.display='inline'; Codehighlighter1_438_669_Closed_Text.style.display='inline';" src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><img id="Codehighlighter1_438_669_Closed_Image" style="display: none" onclick="this.style.display='none'; Codehighlighter1_438_669_Closed_Text.style.display='none'; Codehighlighter1_438_669_Open_Image.style.display='inline'; Codehighlighter1_438_669_Open_Text.style.display='inline';" src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif" align="top"  alt="" /></span><span id="Codehighlighter1_438_669_Closed_Text" style="border-right: #808080 1px solid; border-top: #808080 1px solid; display: none; border-left: #808080 1px solid; border-bottom: #808080 1px solid; background-color: #ffffff"><img src="http://www.blogjava.net/Images/dot.gif"  alt="" /></span><span id="Codehighlighter1_438_669_Open_Text"><span style="color: #000000">{<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">public</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">static</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">void</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;main(String[]&nbsp;args)&nbsp;<br />
<img id="Codehighlighter1_482_667_Open_Image" onclick="this.style.display='none'; Codehighlighter1_482_667_Open_Text.style.display='none'; Codehighlighter1_482_667_Closed_Image.style.display='inline'; Codehighlighter1_482_667_Closed_Text.style.display='inline';" src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><img id="Codehighlighter1_482_667_Closed_Image" style="display: none" onclick="this.style.display='none'; Codehighlighter1_482_667_Closed_Text.style.display='none'; Codehighlighter1_482_667_Open_Image.style.display='inline'; Codehighlighter1_482_667_Open_Text.style.display='inline';" src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedSubBlock.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span id="Codehighlighter1_482_667_Closed_Text" style="border-right: #808080 1px solid; border-top: #808080 1px solid; display: none; border-left: #808080 1px solid; border-bottom: #808080 1px solid; background-color: #ffffff"><img src="http://www.blogjava.net/Images/dot.gif"  alt="" /></span><span id="Codehighlighter1_482_667_Open_Text"><span style="color: #000000">{&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Integer&nbsp;d1&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000">200</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Integer&nbsp;d2&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #000000">200</span><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;;<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif" align="top"  alt="" /><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">if</span><span style="color: #000000">(d1</span><span style="color: #000000">==</span><span style="color: #000000">d2)<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;System.out.println(</span><span style="color: #000000">"</span><span style="color: #000000">d1==d2</span><span style="color: #000000">"</span><span style="color: #000000">);<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000ff">else</span><span style="color: #000000"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;System.out.println(</span><span style="color: #000000">"</span><span style="color: #000000">d1!=d2</span><span style="color: #000000">"</span><span style="color: #000000">);<br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif" align="top"  alt="" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}</span></span><span style="color: #000000"><br />
<img src="http://www.blogjava.net/images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockEnd.gif" align="top"  alt="" />}</span></span></div>
<p>大家看看这两个程序代码的结果是怎么样的呢？<br />
其实在AutoBoxDemo1.java中结果是：d1==d2<br />
在AutoBoxDemo2.java中结果是：d1!=d2</p>
<p>为什么结果会是这样的？我们来看了解一下！</p>
<p>其实刚刚这两个程序结果的不同是与==运算符比较有关，==是用来比较<br />
两个基本数据类型的变量是否相等的，而事实上==也用于判断两个对象<br />
变量名是否参考同一对象。在自动装箱时对于值从-128到127之间的值<br />
它们被装箱为Integer对象后会在内存中重用，所以在AutoBoxDemo1.java<br />
中是相等的，而超过了从-128到127之前的值时，被装箱后的Integer对象<br />
并不会被重用。所以AutoBoxDemo2.java中是不相等的。</p>
 <img src ="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/aggbug/167137.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/" target="_blank">一鸣</a> 2007-12-12 09:58 <a href="http://www.blogjava.net/awed/archive/2007/12/12/167137.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item></channel></rss>