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Drupal5.x创建自定义模块指南－02把你的模块告知Drupal系统(Creating modules - a tutorial: Drupal 5.x －－02. Telling Drupal about your module)

陈市明 — Tue, 27 Mar 2007 01:32:00 GMT

[翻译:陈市明摘自:http://drupal.org/node/82926]
在5.x中，你模块的基本信息不再是通过函数hook_help提供给Drupal，而是在info文件定义name和description即可（具体格式参见info文件指南）。在我们的例子中，该文件为onthisdate.info
通常格式如下：

; $Id$
name = Module Name
description = "A description of what your module does."

如果没有这个文件，则drupal不能在模块安装的时候找到该模块。
在我们的例子中，onthisdate.info应该包含如下数据：

; $Id$
name = On this date
description = "A block module that lists links to content such as blog entries or forum discussions that were created one week ago."

将把这些代码写到onthisdate.info文件中，保存到sites/all/modules/onthisdate目录
下面3句是在info文件中是可选的

dependencies = module1 module2 module3
package = "Your arbitrary grouping string"
version = "$Name$"

在我们的例子中，将不使用这些代码。如果你的模块依赖其他模块，则Drupal在你的依赖模块没有被激活的情况下是不允许激活的。
Package：在模块列表页面中的显示分组，如果该值为空则默认为“Uncategorized”。
Version：通过cvs直接得到的模块的版本号
该文件使用的是ini格式，所以该文件可以包含;表示注释；
; $Id$则让cvs自动把该文件的ID信息自动替换掉
关于ini的格式，具体参见PHP.net parse_ini_file documentation

除了info文件，我们还可以通过实现help钩子来添加额外的帮助信息。不管怎么样，最好还是实现help钩子。onthisdate模块的help钩子叫做onthisdate_help：

php
function onthisdate_help($section='') {
}?>

$section变量：是该页面的结点路径。官方推荐，最好在模块中通过swtich case语句来判断是否是该模块的结点路径。你可以参照如下代码：

php
/**
* 显示帮助和模块信息
* @param 当前帮助结点的路径#模块名
* @return 显示的帮助信息
*/
function onthisdate_help($section='') {
  $output = '';
  switch ($section) {
    case "admin/help#onthisdate":
      $output = '

'. t("Displays links to nodes created on this date"). '

';
      break;
  }
  return $output;
} // function onthisdate_help
?>

把这些代码写到onthisdate.module文件中，保存到目录sites/all/modules/onthisdate

原文：

In Drupal 5.x the basic information about your module, its name and description, is no longer provided by hook_help. Instead, all modules now need to have a modulename.info file, containing meta information about the module (for details see Writing .info files (Drupal 5.x)). For our example, "onthisdate.info'.

The general format is:

; $Id$
name = Module Name
description = "A description of what your module does."

Without this file, your module will not show up in the module listing!.

for our example, it could contain the following:

; $Id$
name = On this date
description = "A block module that lists links to content such as blog entries or forum discussions that were created one week ago."

Add the source above to a file named to onthisdate.info before saving in your module's directory at sites/all/modules/onthisdate.

There are also three optional lines that may appear in the .info file:
dependencies = module1 module2 module3
package = "Your arbitrary grouping string"
version = "$Name$"

For our example module, these don't apply and we will simply omit them. If you assign dependencies for your module, Drupal will not allow it to be activated until the required dependencies are met.

If you assign a package string for your module, on the admin/build/modules page it will be listed with other modules with the same category. If you do not assign one, it will simply be listed as 'Uncategorized'. Not assigning a package for your module is perfectly ok; in general packages are best used for modules that are distributed together or are meant to be used together. If you have any doubt, leave this field blank.

Suggested examples of appropriate items for the package field:

    * Audio
    * Bot
    * CCK
    * Chat
    * E-Commerce
    * Event
    * Feed Parser
    * Organic groups
    * Station
    * Video
    * Views
    * Voting (if it uses/requires VotingAPI)

The version line will provide the version string for users getting their modules directly from CVS rather than using the tarball package that is created with a release.

The files use the ini format and can include a ; $Id$ to have CVS insert the file ID information.

For more information on ini file formatting, see the PHP.net parse_ini_file documentation.

We can also provide help and additional information about our module. Because of the use of the .info file described above, this hook is now optional. However, it is a good idea to implement it. The hook name for this function is 'help', so start with the onthisdate_help function:

php
function onthisdate_help($section='') {

}
?>

The $section variable provides context for the help: where in Drupal or the module are we looking for help. The recommended way to process this variable is with a switch statement. You'll see this code pattern in other modules.

php
/**
* Display help and module information
* @param section which section of the site we're displaying help
* @return help text for section
*/
function onthisdate_help($section='') {

  $output = '';

  switch ($section) {
    case "admin/help#onthisdate":
      $output = '

'. t("Displays links to nodes created on this date"). '

';
      break;
  }

  return $output;
} // function onthisdate_help
?>

The admin/help#modulename case is used by the Drupal core to linked from the main help page (/admin/help or ?q=admin/help). You will eventually want to add more text to provide a better help message to the user.

More information about the help hook:
Drupal HEAD

Add the source above to a file named to onthisdate.module before saving in your Drupal installation.

陈市明 2007-03-27 09:32 发表评论

Drupal5.x创建自定义模块指南－01开始(Creating modules - a tutorial: Drupal 5.x －－01. Getting started)

陈市明 — Mon, 26 Mar 2007 15:43:00 GMT

[翻译:陈市明摘自:http://drupal.org/node/82926]
To focus this tutorial, we'll start by creating a block module that lists links to content such as blog entries or forum discussions that were created one week ago.这份指南将教会我们如何在一个drupal的结点上创建block content,创建链接和回复信息。
首先在drupal的安装路径下创建目录sites/all/modules/onthisdate（呵呵当然先得创建目录sites/all/modules哈）。在目录sites/all/modules/ onthisdate下创建一个文件，命名为onthisdate.module。在drupal 5.x中，目录sites/all/modules放置的是一些非核心模块。这个使得你在升级核心模块的时候更加方便，无需担心你之前定制化。

php
/* $Id$ */

在每个模块的php文件末尾可以省去?>的标记，只要在开头加上这个模块目前还没运行起来，因为它还没有被激活。在后面的章节中，我们可以看到如何激活该模块。

原文

01. Getting started
Drupal 5.x

To focus this tutorial, we'll start by creating a block module that lists links to content such as blog entries or forum discussions that were created one week ago. The full tutorial will teach us how to create block content, write links, and retrieve information from Drupal nodes.

Start your module by creating a folder in your Drupal installation at the path: sites/all/modules/onthisdate You may need to create the sites/all/modules directory first. Create a PHP file and save it as onthisdate.module in the directory sites/all/modules/onthisdate. As of Drupal 5.x, sites/all/modules is the preferred place for non-core modules (and sites/all/themes for non-core themes), since this places all site-specific files in the sites directory. This allows you to more easily update the core files and modules without erasing your customizations.

php
/* $Id$ */

As per the Coding standards, omit the closing ?> tag and use the longhand php tag. The $Id$ string will help keep track of the revision number and date when you commit the file to CVS.

All functions in your module that will be used by Drupal are named {modulename}_{hook}, where "hook" is a pre-defined function name suffix. Drupal will call these functions to get specific data, so having these well-defined names means Drupal knows where to look. We will come to hooks in a while.

The module is not operational yet: it hasn't been activated. We'll activate the module later in the tutorial.

陈市明 2007-03-26 23:43 发表评论

Drupal Object Reference--$node - Node object(Drupal 结点对象) for drupal 5.1

陈市明 — Sun, 25 Mar 2007 14:34:00 GMT

[翻译:陈市明摘自:http://drupal.org/node/49768]

Node对象:
[name] => 创建结点的用户名
[date] => 创建结点的时间
[status] => 是否发布{True:发布|False:未发布 }(在action+workflow中可以做审核处理)
[moderate] => 是否可修改{0:只读|1:修改}
[promote] => 是否发布首页{0:是|1:否}
[sticky] => 是否置顶{0:否|1:是}
[revision] => TRUE/FALSE this is a new revision (if TRUE, will be saved as a separate entry in the database)
[comment]=> 对该结点是否允许添加,阅读或者是对其设置权限
[simple_access]=> 对权限模块的一个
[title] => 显示结点页面的标题
[taxonomy] => 分类(数组,具体查看Taxonomy模块)
[body] => 结点的内容
[format] => 符合Filter模块的Content内容
[uid] => 创建结点的用户ID
[created] => 创建结点的Unix类型的时间戳
[type] => 结点类型(如:book,page,forum,具体查看cck模块)
[teaser] => 内容概要
[validated] => 该结点是否有效{0:否|1:是}(是否已经保存)
[changed] => 修改结点的Unix类型的时间戳
[nid] => 结点ID

原文:

&$node - Node object

[name] => Username of node creator
[date] => Date the node was created
[status] => TRUE/FALSE = published/unpublished
[moderate] => Moderation enabled (0|1)
[promote] => Promoted to front page (0|1)
[sticky] => Sticky (0|1)
[revision] => TRUE/FALSE this is a new revision (if TRUE, will be saved as a separate entry in the database)
[comment] => whether comments can be added, read, or accessed, for this node
[simple_access] => Array -- A list of permissions for the Simple Access module
(
[view] => 0
)

[title] => Page title
[taxonomy] => Array -- Taxonomy classification
(
[0] => 0
)

[body] => Body content of node

[format] => which filter applies to this content.
[uid] => User ID of node creator
[created] => UNIX timestamp of node creation date.
[type] => Type of node (e.g. book, page, forum)
[teaser] => Teaser (the initial part of the body)

[validated] => has the node passed validation? (0|1) (is it ready to be saved).
[changed] => UNIX timestamp of last time node was changed.
[nid] => Node ID

陈市明 2007-03-25 22:34 发表评论

Jython项目（The Jython Project）

陈市明 — Tue, 27 Feb 2007 15:34:00 GMT

[翻译:陈市明摘自:http://www.jython.org]

Jython项目
Jython是用纯java实现的动态面向对象的高级语言，她无缝的结合了java和python两种语言。用户可以在任何java虚拟机上使用python。
最新消息：目前发布的最新Release版本是Jython 2.2 Beta
什么是Jython
Jython是动态面向对象的高级语言，可以无缝集成到java平台上。不管你是商业还是非商业的，都可以免费的使用Jython，也可以和你的源码一起发布。Jython可以弥补java的某些缺点特别是在一下几个方面：
   * 嵌入式教本－ Java开发人员在他们的系统中添加Jython的类库后，可以允许最终用户在他们的系统中编写各种脚本
   * 交互式测试－ Jython可以提供允许和java交互的接口，方便开发人员在java系统中有效调试
   * 快速开发－同样的功能，java的代码量是python的2到10倍左右，python的开发效率远远比高于java的开发。python和java的无缝的交互是的快发爱发人员可以免费的同时使用两种语言进行开发。
有许多脚本语言可以在java虚拟机中运行，但是jython相比较，有以下优势：
   * 动态编译成java字节码
   * 通过jython可以直接调用现有的java类
   * Bean Properties
   * python语法

The Jython Project

Jython is an implementation of the high-level, dynamic, object-oriented language Python written in 100% Pure Java, and seamlessly integrated with the Java platform. It thus allows you to run Python on any Java platform.

Latest News

The Jython development team is proud to announce a new release: Jython 2.2 Beta1!

    * Download it,
    * install it,
    * then kick the tires and start filing bug reports to help get 2.2 polished up and done, so we can get going on the next Jython 2.x.

What is Jython?

    Jython, lest you do not know of it, is the most compelling weapon the Java platform has for its survival into the 21st century:-)

    —Sean McGrath, CTO, Propylon

Jython is an implementation of the high-level, dynamic, object-oriented language Python seamlessly integrated with the Java platform. The predecessor to Jython, JPython, is certified as 100% Pure Java. Jython is freely available for both commercial and non-commercial use and is distributed with source code. Jython is complementary to Java and is especially suited for the following tasks:

    * Embedded scripting - Java programmers can add the Jython libraries to their system to allow end users to write simple or complicated scripts that add functionality to the application.
    * Interactive experimentation - Jython provides an interactive interpreter that can be used to interact with Java packages or with running Java applications. This allows programmers to experiment and debug any Java system using Jython.
    * Rapid application development - Python programs are typically 2-10X shorter than the equivalent Java program. This translates directly to increased programmer productivity. The seamless interaction between Python and Java allows developers to freely mix the two languages both during development and in shipping products.

There are numerous alternative languages implemented for the Java VM. The following features help to separate Jython from the rest:

    * Dynamic compilation to Java bytecodes - leads to highest possible performance without sacrificing interactivity.
    * Ability to extend existing Java classes in Jython - allows effective use of abstract classes.
    * Optional static compilation - allows creation of applets, servlets, beans, ...
    * Bean Properties - make use of Java packages much easier.
    * Python Language - combines remarkable power with very clear syntax. It also supports a full object-oriented programming model which makes it a natural fit for Java's OO design.

陈市明 2007-02-27 23:34 发表评论