学习WEB SERVICE一例 (2006-7-12)

2195113 — Thu, 13 Jul 2006 02:50:00 GMT

学习WEB SERVICE一例 (2006-7-12)
一.环境
   本例环境:winxp home,oracle 9i,axis1.3,tomcat4.1,开发环境eclipse3.01.
   顺便说一下如何发布axis:将下载的axis-bin-1.3包中的axis目录(里面有WEB-INF目录)COPY到%tomcat4.1%\webapps\下即可.
二.示例说明
   1.目的:     验证一下WEB SERVICE中,如何返回JavaBean.
   2.服务说明: 查询人员信息，每个人员有这样几个字段：id,name(姓名),age(年龄),birthday(生日),salary(工资),phones(多个电话,以数组实现).
   3.服务名称: getPersonList(),返回一个Person的数组. (该方法是类DBQueryService中的一个方法)
   4.JAVA类:   DBQueryService(设计本例最初是从数据库表中取数据,故以DB开头),提供WEB SERVICE服务的类
               Person:JavaBean.包含返回的数据.

三.示例开发过程
   1.编写Person JavaBean源代码如下:

    package demo1;
    import java.util.*;
    public class Person {
   private int      id;
   private String   name;
   private int      age;
   private Date     date;
   private double   salary;
   private String[] phones;

   public Person(){}

   ///setter method
   public void setId(int id){
       this.id=id;
   }

   public void setName(String name){
       this.name=name;
   }

   public void setAge(int age){
       this.age=age;
   }

   public void setDate(Date date){
       this.date=date;
   }

   public void setSalary(double salary){
       this.salary=salary;
   }

   public void setPhones(String[] phones){
       this.phones=phones;
   }

   ////getter method
   public int getId(){
       return id;
   }

   public String getName(){
       return name;
   }

   public int getAge(){
       return age;
   }

   public Date getDate(){
       return date;
   }

   public double getSalary(){
       return salary;
   }

   public String[] getPhones(){
       return phones;
   }
    }


   2.编写DBQueryService,源代码如下:

   package demo1;
   import java.sql.*;
        import java.util.Date;

        public class DBQueryService {

        public Person[] getPersonList(){
       Person[] persons=null;

       try{
           String driverName = "oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver";
           String url        = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:oradb";

           Class.forName(driverName);
           Connection conn    = DriverManager.getConnection(url,"wlz","wlz");
           Statement stmt1   = conn.createStatement();
           ResultSet rscount = stmt1.executeQuery("select count(id) from ws_demo");

           //取得行数，以动态建立数组
           rscount.next();
           int rowNums=rscount.getInt(1);
           if(rowNums>0){
               persons=new Person[rowNums];
           }else{
               return persons; //返回空值
           }


           //取出结果集
           Statement stmt2=conn.createStatement();
           ResultSet rs=stmt2.executeQuery("select * from ws_demo order by id");
           for(int i=0;i               if(rs.next()){
                   Person person=new Person();
                   person.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
                   person.setName(rs.getString("name"));
                   person.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
                   person.setDate(rs.getDate("birthday"));
                   person.setSalary(rs.getDouble("salary"));
                   String[] phones=new String[]{rs.getString("phone"),rs.getString("mobile")};
                   person.setPhones(phones);
                   persons[i]=person;
               }
           }

           stmt1.close();
           stmt2.close();
           rscount.close();
           rs.close();
           conn.close(); //正常来说，conn.close()应放在finally里面
       }catch(Exception e){
           System.out.println("---------------------------------");
           System.out.println(e.getMessage());
           e.printStackTrace();
           System.out.println("---------------------------------");
       }


       /*
       //如果不想用数据库，使用下面代码,将上面try{}catch{}间的代码注释掉，从学习的效果来说，是一样的。
       persons=new Person[2]; //暂且用两个练练手

       Person p0=new Person();
       p0.setId(1);
       p0.setName("张三丰");
       p0.setAge(100);
       p0.setDate(new Date());          //暂时用当天
       p0.setSalary(1055.62);
       String[] phone0=new String[]{"0XX-2391XXXX","13X00000001"};
       p0.setPhones(phone0);

       persons[0]=p0;

       Person p1 =new Person();
       p1.setId(2);
       p1.setName("张无忌");
       p1.setAge(30);
       p1.setDate(new Date());          //暂时用当天
       p1.setSalary(1578.94);
       String[] phone1=new String[]{"0XX-2391XXXX"};
       p1.setPhones(phone1);

       persons[1]=p1;
       */


       return persons;
   }

   //main仅用于测试是否能从数据库返回数据,变成服务时,可将其删除
   public static void main(String[] args){

       DBQueryService service=new DBQueryService();
       Person[] p=service.getPersonList();
       System.out.println("             the query result is: \n-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------");
       System.out.println("id\tname\tage\tbirthday\t\t\tsalary\tphones");
       System.out.println("-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------");
       String[] phones;

       for(int i=0;i           Person person=p[i];
           phones=person.getPhones();
           String s=person.getId()+"\t"+person.getName()+"\t"+person.getAge()+"\t"+person.getDate()+"\t"+person.getSalary()+"\t";
           for(int j=0;j               if(phones[j]!=null){
                   s+=phones[j]+"\t";
               }
           }
           System.out.println(s);
       }
       System.out.println("-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------");
   }
    }



   3.数据库建表语句(ORACLE 9i,各位看官可将其改成其他数据库)
      create table ws_demo(
         id       int,
         name     varchar2(20),
         age      smallint,
         birthday date,
         salary   number(10,2),
         phone    varchar2(20),
         mobile   varchar2(20),
         primary key (id)
      )
     至于数据,就得你自己来添加了.

   4.发布服务
      1),将编译好的两个类(怎么编译?不用我说了吧.值得注意的一点就是类路径要包含axis的几个jar文件),COPY到%tomcat4.1%\webapps\axis\WEB-INF\classes\demo1里(demo1是两个类的包名)
      2).将下面的XML代码COPY进%tomcat4.1%\webapps\axis\WEB-INF里的server-config.wsdd.(这个文件从哪来,是执行org.apache.axis.client.AdminClient得来的,具体可参考别人资料.)





      至此,发布完毕.让我们看一下,启动tomcat4.1,在IE中打入地址 http://localhost:8080/axis/services/DBQueryService?wsdl,
      如果IE显示一堆XML,说明发布成功.


   5.客户端调用
     本例采用DII方式调用(根据试验,将DII代码放在JSP中也可运行),源代码:

     package demo1;
    import org.apache.axis.client.Service;
    import org.apache.axis.client.Call;
    import org.apache.axis.encoding.ser.BeanSerializerFactory;
    import org.apache.axis.encoding.ser.BeanDeserializerFactory;
    import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
    import java.net.URL;
    import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

    public class DemoClient {
   public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
       String endPoint="http://localhost:8080/axis/services/DBQueryService";
       Service service=new Service();
       Call call=(Call)service.createCall();
       call.setTargetEndpointAddress(new URL(endPoint));
       QName qn=new QName("urn:DBQueryService","DBQueryService");
       call.registerTypeMapping(Person.class,qn,
                                 new BeanSerializerFactory(Person.class,qn),
                               new BeanDeserializerFactory(Person.class,qn));
       call.setOperationName(new QName("urn:DBQueryService","getPersonList"));
       call.setReturnType(qn,Person[].class); //灵机一动想出来的。
       Person[] persons=(Person[])call.invoke(new Object[]{});
       if(persons==null) System.out.println("abc");
       printData(persons);
   }


   public static void printData(Person[] persons){
       SimpleDateFormat sdf=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");

       if(persons==null){
           System.out.println("the result is null.");
           return;
       }

       System.out.println("the query result is: \n-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------");
       System.out.println("id\tname\tage\tbirthday\tsalary\tphones");
       System.out.println("-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------");
       String[] phones;
       for(int i=0;i           Person person=persons[i];
           phones=person.getPhones();
           String s=person.getId()+"\t"+person.getName()+"\t"+person.getAge()+"\t"+sdf.format(person.getDate())+"\t"+person.getSalary()+"\t";
           for(int j=0;j               if(phones[j]!=null){
                   s+=phones[j]+"\t";
               }
           }
           System.out.println(s);
       }
       System.out.println("-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------");
   }
    }

四.点评
   本例有选择的使用int,String,double,String[]等JAVA数据,及一个JavaBean(Person)数组,来验证WEB SERVICE与JAVA中的数据传递(其实你也看到,这种转换是自动进行的),
   在编程当中值得注意的是:
     1.遵守JavaBean规范,要有一个默认构造函数,每个属性要有对应的setter和getter方法.
     2.JavaBean可实现嵌套,如Person中可以再定义一个Address类的JavaBean.
     3.本例中未涉及自定义序列化和反序列化.

五.本示例效果:(采用不连接数据库的代码)

the query result is:
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
id    name     age    birthday      salary     phones
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1    张三丰    100    2006-07-13    1055.62    0XX-2391XXXX    13X00000001
2    张无忌    30    2006-07-13    1578.94    0XX-2391XXXX
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2195113 2006-07-13 10:50 发表评论

BlogJava-My Java Blog Park-文章分类-Web Service

学习WEB SERVICE一例 (2006-7-12)